The Effects of Cognitive-motor Training in Healthy Older Adults

NCT04786132 | Unknown DMC

• 1 other identifier: 0.2 Dual task
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Currently, there is a growing concern for the elderly population and for what the increase in life expectancy entails, and that is why many authors investigate about exercise protocols that delay the appearance of both cognitive and motor diseases and how to link both in your day to day. Despite this, there is still little information about training with DT tasks that improve the life of the elderly and that is why this study aims to evaluate the effect of an eight-week training program in older adults healthy, in the improvement of balance and proprioception of the knee, with the inclusion of a cognitive task performed simultaneously. We hypothesize that the inclusion of the double motor-cognitive task in the training sessions will improve the performance in the balance and proprioception tests performed with the simultaneous cognitive task after 8 weeks compared to the control group.

Conditions

Proprioception Change; Balance Change; Cognitive Change

Keywords

Dual Task; Proprioception; Balance; Music

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Motor control results

  Change from pre-test to post-test in motor control results. The bipedal and unipodal Romberg Test was performed to evaluate the balance of the subjects. Variants of open and closed eyes were applied for the bipedal test and dominance for the unipedal test, in order to find more difference between groups. These tests were performed on a force platform, considered a gold standard tool for the analysis of postural balance deficits, using valid parameters and confidence stabilometry measures. The recorded values were the area of the ellipse and the mean velocity in the anterior-posterior (MVAP) and medial-lateral (MVML) directions. While the area of the ellipse acts as an indicator of postural control performance, MVAP and MVML readings provide information on the neuromuscular activity used to maintain postural control (Frederic Noé \& Paillard, 2005). For all these variables, lower scores indicate better performance on tasks.

  Up to 8 weeks

• Proprioception results

  Change from pre-test to post-test in proprioception results. The AEr45º in the dominant leg was recorded. This measurement was taken using the Goniometer Pro mobile app (2.9, 5Fuf5 co, Bloomfield, NJ, United States). It provides instantaneous, accurate, repeatable readings of the range of movement (ROM), measuring the difference between the required knee angle and the position that is observed (Mourcou et al., 2016). During the test, participant close their eyes, placed their knees at a 45º angle and maintain this position for six seconds and return to the original standing position. Afterwards they were told to bend their knees again until they had returned to exactly the same position the researcher had placed them in (i.e. 45º). In order to quantify conscious proprioception the absolute value of the difference between the requested (45º) and the actual angle was recorded to determine the participant's joint repositioning ability.

  Up to 8 weeks

• Cognitive results

  Change from pre-test to post-test in cognitive results The cognitive task came from the subscale called "categorical evocation in associations", which is found within the battery of subscales of the Revised Barcelona Test (Peña-Casanova, 2005). The task consisted of mentioning the maximum number of possible words for 30 seconds belonging to the same semantic field. The semantic fields chosen were the following: 1. Animals; 2.Fruit; 3. Cities; 4. Parts of the body; 5. Garments; 6.Meals; 7. Countries; 8.Colors; 9. Names of women; 10. Names of men. The score obtained depends on the number of words remembered, scoring a point for each of them. No points were added to repeated words or synonyms (Peña-Casanova, 2005). To quantify the total number of words that the subjects said, they were recorded and once the tests were finished, the total of words mentioned in each repetition were counted.

  Up to 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Cognitive Reserve Results

  Only measured at the beginning of the intervention

Study Arms (2)

Dual Task (proprioception, balance and cognitive) training

EXPERIMENTAL

A DT training protocol of 8 weeks duration was carried out, during 2 days a week, with a duration of 30 minutes each session divided into: warm-up (mobility and warm-up 5 '), main part (20') and cool down (5 'dynamic stretching). The main part consisted of a choreography divided into five measures of thirty-two beats each, in turn divided into four parts of eight movements, which included proprioception and balance exercises such as: squats, imbalances, lateral movements, front, standing on one leg, twist, etc. The sessions evolved from individual exercises, in pairs, in trios and finally in groups. The sessions included music that was unknown to the subjects but at the same time easy to learn, so that while they performed the motor tasks, they would memorize the songs. The sessions were carried out by the main researcher who controlled both the technique of the exercises and motivated them to sing and perform a cognitive exercise.

Other: Cognitive-motor training

Proprioception and balance training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The control group training protocol is the same as the experimental group, whit the same duration and the same sessions, the unique difference is that there was no music included in the sessions, and therefore cognitive ability was not worked. The sessions were carried out by the main researcher who controlled the technique of the exercises and motivated the participant.

Other: Motor training

Interventions

Cognitive-motor training OTHER

A DT training protocol of 8 weeks duration was carried out, during 2 days a week, with a duration of 30 minutes each session divided into: warm-up (mobility and warm-up 5 '), main part (20') and cool down (5 'dynamic stretching). The main part consisted of a choreography divided into five measures of thirty-two beats each, in turn divided into four parts of eight movements, which included proprioception and balance exercises such as: squats, imbalances, lateral movements, front, standing on one leg, twist, etc. The sessions evolved from individual exercises, in pairs, in trios and finally in groups. The sessions included music that was unknown to the subjects but at the same time easy to learn, so that while they performed the motor tasks, they would memorize the songs. The sessions were carried out by the main researcher who controlled both the technique of the exercises and motivated them to sing and perform a cognitive exercise.

Dual Task (proprioception, balance and cognitive) training

Motor training OTHER

A training protocol of 8 weeks duration was carried out, during 2 days a week, with a duration of 30 minutes each session divided into: warm-up (mobility and warm-up 5 '), main part (20') and cool down (5 'dynamic stretching). The main part consisted of a choreography divided into five measures of thirty-two beats each, in turn divided into four parts of eight movements, which included proprioception and balance exercises such as: squats, imbalances, lateral movements, front, standing on one leg, twist, etc. The sessions evolved from individual exercises, in pairs, in trios and finally in groups.

Proprioception and balance training

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years - 85 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Physically active older adults

You may not qualify if:

• Clinical disability for physical activity
• Neurological condition such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease
• Subjected to drug treatments that alter the normal functioning of the nervous system
• Recent lower limb joint replacement surgery (12 months before testing)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University Ramon Llull: lead
• Ainhoa Nieto Guisado: collaborator
• Mónica Solana-Tramunt: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Ainhoa Nieto Guisado

Barcelona, 08022, Spain

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Stern Y. Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia. 2009 Aug;47(10):2015-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004. Epub 2009 Mar 13.

  PMID: 19467352 BACKGROUND

• Wang H, Ji Z, Jiang G, Liu W, Jiao X. Correlation among proprioception, muscle strength, and balance. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Dec;28(12):3468-3472. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.3468. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

  PMID: 28174475 BACKGROUND

• Liu Y, Lachman ME. Education and Cognition in Middle Age and Later Life: The Mediating Role of Physical and Cognitive Activity. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020 Aug 13;75(7):e93-e104. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbz020.

  PMID: 30955036 BACKGROUND

• Kim SJ, Yoo GE. Rhythm-Motor Dual Task Intervention for Fall Prevention in Healthy Older Adults. Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 17;10:3027. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03027. eCollection 2019.

  PMID: 32010035 BACKGROUND

• Hiyamizu M, Morioka S, Shomoto K, Shimada T. Effects of dual task balance training on dual task performance in elderly people: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2012 Jan;26(1):58-67. doi: 10.1177/0269215510394222. Epub 2011 Mar 18.

  PMID: 21421689 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Mónica Solana-Tramunt

  University Ramon Llull

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal investigator

Model Details: Pre test, intervention and Post test. Experimental group performs and eight week dual task training with proprioception and balance exercise while including unknown sung music 2 days a week. Control group do the same protocol and the same days but without the inclusion of music.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 3, 2021
• First Posted: March 8, 2021
• Study Start: October 5, 2019
• Primary Completion: July 1, 2020
• Study Completion: May 30, 2021
• Last Updated: March 10, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ES (1)