Amino Acid Profile and Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Consuming Meat or Plant-based Alternatives

NCT04784806 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 1548896
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 17
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to quantify and compare the serum amino acid profile, and muscle protein synthesis rates, in response to consuming isonitrogenous amounts of ground meat (beef and pork) or plant-based alternatives -(soy and pea protein-based patties). Specific aim 1: Describe the post-prandial amino acid profile in serum in the 3 hours following consumption of the following four burger patties, in quantities calculated to deliver 20 grams of protein: ground beef, ground pork, Beyond Meat® burger, and tofu burger. Specific aim 2: Compare the ability of these four different foods to activate mTORC1 and protein synthesis in muscle.

Conditions

Healthy

Keywords

Meat protein; Plant protein; Muscle protein synthesis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Quantification of serum amino acid concentrations after consuming each test meal.

  A fasted 3.5mL baseline blood sample will be collected in serum separating tubes, after which subjects will consume one of the four patties. Five 3.5mL blood samples will be obtained at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes following the patty consumption. Blood will be allowed to clot for 1hr before centrifugation at 1000 x g for 10 minutes. The serum will be frozen and kept at -80°C until processed. 100 microliters of each serum sample will be used for determining amino acid concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at the UC Davis Proteomics Core.

  Baseline and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consuming each test meal

• Quantification of muscle protein synthesis rates in vitro

  The rest of the serum obtained from the procedures described in Outcome 1 will be used for developing the mTORC1 bioassay and quantify the rate of muscle protein synthesis in vitro.

  Baseline and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consuming each test meal

Study Arms (4)

Consumption of ground beef

EXPERIMENTAL

Consuming 106g of cooked ground beef (85% lean) to deliver 20g of protein.

Other: Ground beef; Other: Ground pork; Other: Tofu; Other: Beyond Meat

Consumption of ground pork

EXPERIMENTAL

Consuming 118g of cooked ground pork (72% lean) to deliver 20g of protein.

Other: Ground beef; Other: Ground pork; Other: Tofu; Other: Beyond Meat

Consumption of tofu burger

EXPERIMENTAL

Consuming 113g of cooked tofu to deliver 20g of protein.

Other: Ground beef; Other: Ground pork; Other: Tofu; Other: Beyond Meat

Consumption of Beyond Meat burger

EXPERIMENTAL

Consuming 113g of Beyond Meat burger to deliver 20g of protein.

Other: Ground beef; Other: Ground pork; Other: Tofu; Other: Beyond Meat

Interventions

Ground beef OTHER

Subjects will consume a 106g patty of cooked ground beef.

Consumption of Beyond Meat burger; Consumption of ground beef; Consumption of ground pork; Consumption of tofu burger

Ground pork OTHER

Subjects will consume a 118g patty of cooked ground pork

Consumption of Beyond Meat burger; Consumption of ground beef; Consumption of ground pork; Consumption of tofu burger

Tofu OTHER

Subjects will consume a 113g patty of cooked tofu

Consumption of Beyond Meat burger; Consumption of ground beef; Consumption of ground pork; Consumption of tofu burger

Beyond Meat OTHER

Subjects will consume a 113g BeyondMeat patty.

Consumption of Beyond Meat burger; Consumption of ground beef; Consumption of ground pork; Consumption of tofu burger

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 30 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Healthy active male (n=8) and female (n=8) volunteers aged 18 - 30 years
• normal weight (BMI between 18 and 25 kg/m2) will be recruited to participate in the study.
• To be considered active, volunteers must meet the following American College of Sports Medicine's guideline for physical activity for healthy adults: performing at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity.

You may not qualify if:

• Health or dietary restriction that would be affected by the foods consumed.
• Known food allergy to legumes (soybeans, peas, peanuts) or meat (beef or pork)
• Anemia (low red blood cell count)
• Overweight or obesity (BMI \> 25 kg/m2)
• Currently not meeting the ACSM physical activity recommendations (IPAQ score \< 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity)
• Metabolic or endocrine disorder that would affect the digestion, absorption, and/or physiological response to any of the nutrients ingested
• Receiving any medication that may interfere with the study
• Adults unable to consent
• Individuals who are not yet adults (infants, children, teenagers)
• Pregnant women
• Prisoners

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of California, Davis: lead
• Rockefeller University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

CTSC Clinical Research Center

Sacramento, California, 95817, United States

Location

Related Publications (7)

• Tang JE, Moore DR, Kujbida GW, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Sep;107(3):987-92. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00076.2009. Epub 2009 Jul 9.

  PMID: 19589961 BACKGROUND

• Dickinson JM, Fry CS, Drummond MJ, Gundermann DM, Walker DK, Glynn EL, Timmerman KL, Dhanani S, Volpi E, Rasmussen BB. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activation is required for the stimulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis by essential amino acids. J Nutr. 2011 May;141(5):856-62. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.139485. Epub 2011 Mar 23.

  PMID: 21430254 BACKGROUND

• Baar K, Esser K. Phosphorylation of p70(S6k) correlates with increased skeletal muscle mass following resistance exercise. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jan;276(1):C120-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.1999.276.1.C120.

  PMID: 9886927 BACKGROUND

• Witard OC, McGlory C, Hamilton DL, Phillips SM. Growing older with health and vitality: a nexus of physical activity, exercise and nutrition. Biogerontology. 2016 Jun;17(3):529-46. doi: 10.1007/s10522-016-9637-9. Epub 2016 Feb 15.

  PMID: 26878863 BACKGROUND

• Wolfson RL, Sabatini DM. The Dawn of the Age of Amino Acid Sensors for the mTORC1 Pathway. Cell Metab. 2017 Aug 1;26(2):301-309. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.07.001.

  PMID: 28768171 BACKGROUND

• van Vliet S, Burd NA, van Loon LJ. The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption. J Nutr. 2015 Sep;145(9):1981-91. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.204305. Epub 2015 Jul 29.

  PMID: 26224750 BACKGROUND

• Tipton KD, Ferrando AA, Phillips SM, Doyle D Jr, Wolfe RR. Postexercise net protein synthesis in human muscle from orally administered amino acids. Am J Physiol. 1999 Apr;276(4):E628-34. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.4.E628.

  PMID: 10198297 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• Learn more or sign up for the study here!

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Soy Foods

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Fermented Foods; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Vegetable Products; Vegetables; Food; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Keith Baar, Ph.D.

  University of California, Davis

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 3, 2021
• First Posted: March 5, 2021
• Study Start: April 30, 2021
• Primary Completion: September 23, 2021
• Study Completion: September 23, 2021
• Last Updated: January 14, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)