NCT04776161

Brief Summary

Non-adherence to evidence-based prescription medications results in preventable morbidity and mortality for middle-aged and older adults. Taking medications intended for daily use, like those to prevent or treat chronic conditions, is a repetitive action that has great similarity with other behaviors that must be performed consistently, such as regular exercise, healthy eating, and hand washing. In these cases, people who act consistently do so out of habit. The "repetition-cue-reward" model proposes that habit formation has three central components: behavioral repetition, associated context cues, and rewards. This model has obvious applicability to the daily repetitive activity of medication-taking but has not been tested for this behavior nor adapted as an intervention for patients in real-world care settings. The goal of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using the repetition-cue-reward model of healthy habit formation to improve medication adherence in patients with arthritis and other rheumatic diseases.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
62

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Aug 2021

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 23, 2021

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 1, 2021

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 2, 2021

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

September 27, 2022

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

November 10, 2022

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

October 4, 2023

Completed
Last Updated

October 4, 2023

Status Verified

September 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

1.2 years

First QC Date

February 23, 2021

Results QC Date

August 15, 2023

Last Update Submit

September 11, 2023

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Rate of Medication Adherence

    Medication adherence will be measured as the percentage of times a patient opened the electronic pill bottle out of the number of doses prescribed for each bottle in each day, averaged across the study medications and over follow-up.

    18 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in Uric Acid Level From Baseline

    18 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Control

NO INTERVENTION

Patients in the control arm will not receive any intervention (but will receive electronic pill bottles to monitor their adherence).

Cue-Reward Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients in this intervention arm will choose an event-based cue and receive reminder text messages reminding them of their cue. Additionally, a donation will be made to a local charity every time they take their medication.

Behavioral: Cue-Reward Intervention

Cue-Reward Intervention with possible intensification.

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients in this intervention arm will choose an event-based cue. Additionally, a donation will be made to a local charity every time they take their medication. Those who show no improvement in adherence after 6 weeks will start receiving reminder text messages reminding them of their cue.

Behavioral: Cue-Reward Intervention with possible intensification

Interventions

Patients in the first intervention arm will participate in a goal-setting exercise during which they will identify which habit they want to link their medication-taking to. Patients will also receive text messages reminding them of the habit they decided to link to their medication-taking. Finally, patients will also select a charity to which a donation will be made every time the bottle is opened. The research team will donate $0.50 every day that the patient takes their medication as prescribed. A research assistant will place a sticker with the charity logo under the pill bottle cap so that the patient is reminded of the donation every time they take the medication. Additionally, the patient will receive texts every 4 days summarizing how much money was donated on their behalf.

Cue-Reward Intervention

Patients in the second intervention arm will participate in a goal-setting exercise during which they will identify which habit they want to link their medication-taking to. Finally, patients will also select a charity to which a donation will be made every time the bottle is opened. The research team will donate $0.50 every day that the patient takes their medication as prescribed. A research assistant will place a sticker with the charity logo under the pill bottle cap so that the patient is reminded of the donation every time they take the medication. Additionally, the patient will receive texts every 4 days summarizing how much money was donated on their behalf. After 6 weeks, patients who demonstrate an adherence under 80% to study medications (as measured by the electronic pill bottle) will begin receiving text messages reminding them of their selected cue.

Cue-Reward Intervention with possible intensification.

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 85 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • English-speaking patients
  • receiving their care at a Brigham and Women's Hospital-affiliated rheumatology practice
  • \>=18 years of age
  • with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or gout
  • prescribed \>=1 oral medication for this disease for \>=4 months.
  • for patients with gout, had a uric acid level checked in the prior 18 months and the most recent level is \>6.
  • for patients with SLE, their most recent c-reactive protein level collected in the past 18 months must be \>10.
  • currently have a smartphone with a data plan or WiFi at home
  • willing and able to set up the platform and adhere to study procedures
  • either not currently using a pillbox or willing to use electronic pill bottles (EDMs) for diabetes medications for the duration of the study

You may not qualify if:

  • Pregnant women
  • Incarcerated individuals

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Fontanet CP, Choudhry NK, Wood W, Robertson T, Haff N, Oran R, Sears ES, Kim E, Hanken K, Barlev RA, Lauffenburger JC, Feldman CH. Randomised controlled trial targeting habit formation to improve medication adherence to daily oral medications in patients with gout. BMJ Open. 2021 Nov 24;11(11):e055930. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055930.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Rheumatic DiseasesGoutMedication AdherenceLupus Erythematosus, Systemic

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Musculoskeletal DiseasesConnective Tissue DiseasesSkin and Connective Tissue DiseasesArthritisJoint DiseasesCrystal ArthropathiesPurine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsMetabolism, Inborn ErrorsGenetic Diseases, InbornCongenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesPatient CompliancePatient Acceptance of Health CareTreatment Adherence and ComplianceHealth BehaviorBehaviorAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System Diseases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Candace Feldman, MD, MPH, ScD
Organization
Brigham and Women's Hospital

Study Officials

  • Candace H Feldman, MD, ScD

    Brigham and Women's Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 23, 2021

First Posted

March 1, 2021

Study Start

August 2, 2021

Primary Completion

September 27, 2022

Study Completion

November 10, 2022

Last Updated

October 4, 2023

Results First Posted

October 4, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations