Anchoring Patients Pain Scores in the Emergency Department

NCT04717518 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2020-132
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 108
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The proposed research will be a prospective, observational study to test the hypothesis that anchoring will affect verbal pain scores in the emergency department. There will be a small retrospective aspect to this study to obtain patient satisfaction ratings.

Conditions

Abdominal Pain; Chest Pain; Headache; Joint Pain; Muscle Pain; Back Pain; Neck Pain

Keywords

Emergency Room

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Utilization of a questionnaire to measure the mean pain scores between two intervention groups based on the numeric pain score scale

  A questionnaire will be used to measure pain scores by utilizing a numeric pain scale (0-100) and measure the effect of anchoring bias on pain scores in the Emergency Department. It is hypothesized that a lower pain score anchor will lead to a lower reported pain score by the patient.

  Through study completion, an average of 1 year

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• An analysis to examine the influence of anchoring on patient satisfaction for patients with common chief complaints related to pain in the Emergency Department. It is unknown if anchoring affects a patient's overall satisfaction.

  Through study completion, an average of 1 year

Study Arms (2)

Lower Anchor Survey

Patients will likely rate their pain lower.

Other: Measurement of Pain

Higher Anchor Survey

Patients will likely rate their pain higher.

Other: Measurement of Pain

Interventions

Measurement of Pain OTHER

Patients will fill out a brief survey concerning the current visit to the ED.

Higher Anchor Survey; Lower Anchor Survey

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Study subjects include patients presenting to the Emergency Department at CHRISTUS Spohn Shoreline with a chief complaint of pain.

You may qualify if:

• years of age or older
• Presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of any type of pain

You may not qualify if:

• Under 18 years of age
• Refusal to consent
• Incarcerated patients
• Pregnant patients
• Unable to complete survey secondary to clinical instability, severe pain, or disorientation determined by a study physician

Sponsors & Collaborators

• CHRISTUS Health: lead

Study Sites (1)

CHRISTUS Spohn Health System

Corpus Christi, Texas, 78404, United States

Location

Related Publications (18)

• "CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain." CDC, 2019, www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/prescribing/guideline.html.

  BACKGROUND

• Colorado Opioid Safety Pilot Results Report The Colorado Opioid Safety Collaborative Background. Colorado Hospital Association, 2017.

  BACKGROUND

• "Nonopioid Pain Management | AHA." American Hospital Association, 2018, www.aha.org/bibliographylink-page/2018-09-28-nonopioid-pain-management. Accessed 13 Nov. 2019.

  BACKGROUND

• Scholl L, Seth P, Kariisa M, Wilson N, Baldwin G. Drug and Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths - United States, 2013-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Jan 4;67(5152):1419-1427. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm675152e1.

  PMID: 30605448 BACKGROUND

• "Overdose Death Maps." CDC, 13 Aug. 2019, www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/data/prescribing/overdosedeath-maps.html.

  BACKGROUND

• Compton WM, Jones CM, Baldwin GT. Relationship between Nonmedical Prescription-Opioid Use and Heroin Use. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jan 14;374(2):154-63. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1508490. No abstract available.

  PMID: 26760086 BACKGROUND

• Meisel ZF, Lupulescu-Mann N, Charlesworth CJ, Kim H, Sun BC. Conversion to Persistent or High-Risk Opioid Use After a New Prescription From the Emergency Department: Evidence From Washington Medicaid Beneficiaries. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Nov;74(5):611-621. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.04.007. Epub 2019 Jun 20.

  PMID: 31229392 BACKGROUND

• Marco CA, Kanitz W, Jolly M. Pain scores among emergency department (ED) patients: comparison by ED diagnosis. J Emerg Med. 2013 Jan;44(1):46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.05.002. Epub 2012 Jul 13.

  PMID: 22795472 BACKGROUND

• Marco CA, Nagel J, Klink E, Baehren D. Factors associated with self-reported pain scores among ED patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2012 Feb;30(2):331-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2010.12.015. Epub 2011 Mar 1.

  PMID: 21367555 BACKGROUND

• Tversky A, Kahneman D. Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Science. 1974 Sep 27;185(4157):1124-31. doi: 10.1126/science.185.4157.1124.

  PMID: 17835457 BACKGROUND

• Northcraft, Gregory B, and Margaret A Neale. "Experts, Amateurs, and Real Estate: An Anchoring-andAdjustment Perspective on Property Pricing Decisions." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 39, no. 1, 1987, pp. 84-97, 10.1016/0749-5978(87)90046-x.

  BACKGROUND

• . Wansink, Brian, et al. "An Anchoring and Adjustment Model of Purchase Quantity Decisions." Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 35, no. 1, Feb. 1998, pp. 71-81, 10.1177/002224379803500108.

  BACKGROUND

• Yadav, Manjit S. "How Buyers Evaluate Product Bundles: A Model of Anchoring and Adjustment." Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 21, no. 2, Sept. 1994, p. 342, 10.1086/209402.

  BACKGROUND

• Liang, Hanchao, et al. "Bounded Rationality, Anchoring-and-Adjustment Sentiment, and Asset Pricing." The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, vol. 40, Apr. 2017, pp. 85-102, 10.1016/j.najef.2017.02.001. Accessed 13 Nov. 2019.

  BACKGROUND

• Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Schwartz JA, Bergus GR. The influence of irrelevant anchors on the judgments and choices of doctors and patients. Med Decis Making. 2007 Mar-Apr;27(2):203-11. doi: 10.1177/0272989X06298595.

  PMID: 17409369 BACKGROUND

• Amir R, Leiba R, Eisenberg E. Anchoring the Numeric Pain Scale Changes Pain Intensity Reports in Patients With Chronic But Not With Acute Pain. Pain Pract. 2019 Mar;19(3):283-288. doi: 10.1111/papr.12738. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

  PMID: 30328678 BACKGROUND

• Riva P, Rusconi P, Montali L, Cherubini P. The influence of anchoring on pain judgment. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011 Aug;42(2):265-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.10.264. Epub 2011 Mar 12.

  PMID: 21402456 BACKGROUND

• Marco CA, Marco AP, Plewa MC, Buderer N, Bowles J, Lee J. The verbal numeric pain scale: effects of patient education on self-reports of pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Aug;13(8):853-9. doi: 10.1197/j.aem.2006.04.020.

  PMID: 16880501 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Abdominal Pain; Chest Pain; Headache; Arthralgia; Myalgia; Back Pain; Neck Pain; Emergencies

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms, Digestive; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Musculoskeletal Pain; Disease Attributes; Pathologic Processes

Study Officials

• Landry Dorsett, DO

  CHRISTUS Spohn Health System

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2020
• First Posted: January 22, 2021
• Study Start: August 24, 2020
• Primary Completion: November 12, 2021
• Study Completion: November 12, 2021
• Last Updated: April 7, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, CSR

Locations

US (1)