NCT04708613

Brief Summary

This project will define the prevalence of brain health (i.e., normal cognitive, neuromotor, behavioral function) in living professional football retirees and group-matched controls through a comprehensive assessment of clinical, neuroimaging, and biomarker measures.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
300

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
7mo left

Started Nov 2019

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress92%
Nov 2019Dec 2026

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 18, 2019

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 5, 2021

Completed
9 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 14, 2021

Completed
5.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 1, 2026

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 1, 2026

Last Updated

June 13, 2025

Status Verified

June 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

7 years

First QC Date

January 5, 2021

Last Update Submit

June 12, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Brain HealthFootballContact SportConcussion

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Rates of Brain Health versus Cognitive Impairment

    The diagnosis of cognitive impairment is based on the ADRC National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) criteria for mild cognitive impairment. This criteria is adjudicated following a comprehensive neuropsychological exam, and includes: (1) Self- or informant-reported cognitive complaint, (2) Objective cognitive impairment, (3) Preserved independence in functional abilities, and (4) No dementia.

    1-week

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Clinical Syndromes of Neurodegeneration

    1-week

Study Arms (2)

Former Professional Football Players

Former professional football players who played in at least 3 professional seasons, with at least 3 games each season.

Diagnostic Test: Cognitive/Neuropsychological TestingDiagnostic Test: Vestibular/Ocular-Motor TestingDiagnostic Test: Sleep EvaluationDiagnostic Test: MRI, High-ResolutionDiagnostic Test: Health & Physical ExamDiagnostic Test: Physical FunctionDiagnostic Test: Blood Testing and Biomarker AnalysisDiagnostic Test: Applanation TonometryDiagnostic Test: PET brain imagingDrug: [C-11]6-OH-BTA-1Drug: [F-18]AV-1451

Control Groups

Friends and brothers of the Former Professional Football Player group.

Diagnostic Test: Cognitive/Neuropsychological TestingDiagnostic Test: Vestibular/Ocular-Motor TestingDiagnostic Test: Sleep EvaluationDiagnostic Test: MRI, High-ResolutionDiagnostic Test: Health & Physical ExamDiagnostic Test: Physical FunctionDiagnostic Test: Blood Testing and Biomarker AnalysisDiagnostic Test: Applanation TonometryDiagnostic Test: PET brain imagingDrug: [C-11]6-OH-BTA-1Drug: [F-18]AV-1451

Interventions

Comprehensive testing of cognitive function and brain health.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players

A series of tests and questionnaires that asses vestibular function, balance, ocular-motor coordination, and reflexes.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
Sleep EvaluationDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

A full assessment of sleep health, including insomnia (duration, frequency, daytime consequences) and other sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea. Overnight sleep study is included.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
MRI, High-ResolutionDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

A high-resolution MRI to provide qualitative and quantitative assessments of brain structure.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
Health & Physical ExamDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will undergo an executive history and physical exam of all body systems.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
Physical FunctionDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

These assessments will involve a series of tests and questionnaires that focus on physical function.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players

A blood draw will be performed to measure standard clinical labs as part of a full history and physical, as well as additional analysis of biomarkers indicative of brain health. An optional lumbar puncture will be performed and CSF samples (20-30 mL) stored in the NCTC Biorepository until shipment to the CLIA-certified laboratory. Both CSF and blood samples will be analyzed for t-tau, p-tau, and Aβ42 and stored for future testing,

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
Applanation TonometryDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Hearth health is evaluated through testing of arterial stiffness and pulse wave reflections using a high fidelity applanation tonometer.

Also known as: Continuous arterial pressure
Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players
PET brain imagingDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

PET imaging of the brain using tau and amyloid ligands.

Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players

PET imaging of the brain using an amyloid ligand.

Also known as: Pittsburgh Compound B
Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players

PET imaging of the brain using a tau ligand.

Also known as: [F-18]T807, LY3191748
Control GroupsFormer Professional Football Players

Eligibility Criteria

Age29 Years - 59 Years
Sexmale(Gender-based eligibility)
Gender Eligibility DetailsFemales will not be included in the study population. Participants will be prior professional football players, age 29-59, that are eligible for a pension. Control participants will be group-matched for age and gender and therefore females will not be included in the study population.
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Study Population

1. Professional Football Players: There will be 2 cohorts of former professional football players in this group: (a) random sample, and (b) non-random sample. 1. Random-Sample participants Recruitment of random-sample former professional football players will be conducted via collaboration with the Football Players Health Study (FPHS) at Harvard University. Subjects for the Brain Health Initiative (BHI) will include a random sample of enrollees in the FPHS who meet basic eligibility for BHI. 2. Non-Random participants: We will also enroll a non-random cohort of former professional football players that will be comprised of volunteers. 2. Controls: There will be 3 cohorts of unexposed controls in this group: (a) friends of former players, (b) brothers or former players, and (c) general population. Football players will be invited to refer friend(s) and/or brother(s), but it is not required for participation.

You may qualify if:

  • Former professional football player/exposed group:
  • Professional football retiree aged 29-59
  • Played a minimum of 3 professional football seasons, with a minimum of 3 games in each season
  • Fluent in English (translations are not available/validated for most neuropsychological tests)
  • Control/unexposed group:
  • Age 29-59 male
  • High school education or beyond
  • Fluent in English (translations are not available/validated for most neuropsychological tests)

You may not qualify if:

  • Control/unexposed group:
  • Played organized football beyond high school
  • History of severe TBI
  • Current unstable cardiovascular disorder
  • For both groups:
  • Prior history of psychosis (such as schizophrenia), or other major neurological disorder that would interfere with testing, in the opinion of the primary investigator.
  • Contraindication to MR imaging, such as ferrous metal, pacemakers, or concerns about claustrophobia

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurosurgery

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (2)

  • Lopez OL, Jagust WJ, DeKosky ST, Becker JT, Fitzpatrick A, Dulberg C, Breitner J, Lyketsos C, Jones B, Kawas C, Carlson M, Kuller LH. Prevalence and classification of mild cognitive impairment in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study: part 1. Arch Neurol. 2003 Oct;60(10):1385-9. doi: 10.1001/archneur.60.10.1385.

    PMID: 14568808BACKGROUND
  • Petersen RC. Mild cognitive impairment clinical trials. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003 Aug;2(8):646-53. doi: 10.1038/nrd1155. No abstract available.

    PMID: 12904814BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Brain Injuries, TraumaticBrain Concussion

Interventions

Magnetic Resonance ImagingPhysical ExaminationHematologic Tests(N-methyl-C-11)-2-(4-methylamino-phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole7-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain InjuriesBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesCraniocerebral TraumaTrauma, Nervous SystemWounds and InjuriesHead Injuries, ClosedWounds, Nonpenetrating

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

TomographyDiagnostic ImagingDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisClinical Laboratory TechniquesInvestigative Techniques

Study Officials

  • David O Okonkwo, MD, PhD

    University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurological Surgery

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Kathryn L Edelman, MS

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE CONTROL
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 5, 2021

First Posted

January 14, 2021

Study Start

November 18, 2019

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Last Updated

June 13, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations