Massage and Cold Water Immersion on Movement Variability After Fatigue in Swimmers

NCT04541901 | Completed

• 3 other identifiers: ECD0012020/11146-0001
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 22
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effectiveness of post-exercise massage and cold-water immersion compared to control in young elite swimmers. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Is post-exercise techniques effective for recovery of the movement variability, , myotonometric, ergometric and perceptive parameters after fatigue?
• Can neuromuscular fatigue protocols impair movement variability, myotonometric, ergometric and perceptive parameters?
• What tests are reliable to assess different aspects of swimmers' recovery? Researchers will compare massage and cold-water immersion to control and to each other to see if recovery is antecipated. They will also compare an in-water and an out-of-water fatigue protocol to see if they are effective and can be used in different settings. Participants will:
• Perform test and retest sessions to assess movement variability, myotonometric, ergometric and perceptive parameters.
• Perform an in-water fatigue protocol consisting of 8x100m front-crawl sprints
• Receive three recovery strategies in a randomized order (massage, cold-water immersion and control (i.e. rest)
• Answer a questionnaire regarding ther beliefs and preferences for recovery.

Conditions

Movement Disorders; Muscle Tone; Perceived Exertion

Keywords

Swimming; Massage; Cryotherapy; movement variability

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Movement variability

  Obtained from time series of biomechanical data expressed as degrees of shoulder and elbow flexion, and ergometric variables (i.e. pace, stroke frequency and average power) executed during a simulated out of water swim ergometric test to understand the impacts of fatigue on movement and explore changes during recovery. Measured at baseline, post-fatigue and post-interventions. Joint angles time series of shoulder and elbow flexion and ergometric variables were aggregated using mean, standard deviation and variation coefficients for data analyses.

  From enrollment to the end of crossover treatments at 6 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Swim-related perceptions

  From enrollment to the end of crossover treatments at 6 weeks

• Myotonometry

  From enrollment to the end of crossover treatments at 6 weeks

• Skin temperature

  From week 4 to 6

• Beliefs in the recovery techniques

  Week 6

• Preference

  Week 6

Study Arms (3)

Massage

EXPERIMENTAL

12 minutes of effleurage and petrissage on the upper limbs administered after fatiguing exercise in the swimming pool

Other: Massage

Cold-water immersion

EXPERIMENTAL

12 minutes of cold-water immersion at the shoulder level with water temperature between 11 to 15°C

Other: Cold water immersion

Control

NO INTERVENTION

12 minutes of rest. The athletes are free to sit or walk around the place but are advised to refrain from exercise in and out of the pool.

Interventions

Massage OTHER

12 minutes of effleurage and petrissage on the upper limbs

Massage

Cold water immersion OTHER

12 minutes of cold water immersion at the shoulder level with water temperature between 11 to 15°C

Cold-water immersion

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 15 Years - 30 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• male and female athletes
• between 15 and 30 years old
• no injury over the last month (any complaint that prevented the athlete from training or compete at least once)

You may not qualify if:

• use of pain killers at least 24h before study participation

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Flávia Carvalho: lead
• Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho: collaborator
• São Paulo State University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Faculty of Science and Technology (UNESP)

Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Movement Disorders

Interventions

Massage

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Therapy, Soft Tissue; Musculoskeletal Manipulations; Complementary Therapies; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Rehabilitation

Study Officials

• Carlos M Pastre, Doctor

  University of São Paulo State, UNESP

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: MSc

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2020
• First Posted: September 9, 2020
• Study Start: March 6, 2023
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2023
• Study Completion: September 30, 2023
• Last Updated: November 5, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

BR (1)