Pilot Evaluation of the EVERYbody Project

NCT04529746 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 17-004_1
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 98
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

A pilot randomized-controlled trial explored the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of an inclusive dissonance-based body image intervention called the EVERYbody Project. The professionally delivered EVERYbody Project was evaluated in a universal college student population compared to a waitlist control group through one-month follow-up.

Conditions

Body Image; Eating Disorder Symptom

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Eating disorder symptoms

  Eating disorder symptoms were assessed with the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ; Fairburn \& Beglin, 1994). The Global score of the EDEQ was used in this study (average across all 28 items with a 0-6 range; higher scores equal greater eating disorder symptoms).

  Assessed change from baseline (Survey 1) through post-intervention (Survey 2; immediately after intervention) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3; one month after intervention). Waitlist was assessed at parallel time points.

• Body dissatisfaction: The Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction with Body Parts Scale

  The Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction with Body Parts Scale (SDBPS; Berscheid, Walster, \& Bohrnstedt, 1973) assessed satisfaction and dissatisfaction with nine parts of the body that are commonly endorsed as concerning (e.g., stomach, thighs, hips). The average score was used in this study (average across all 9 items with 1-5 range; higher scores equal greater body dissatisfaction).

  Assessed change from baseline (Survey 1) through post-intervention (Survey 2; immediately after intervention) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3; one month after intervention). Waitlist was assessed at parallel time points.

• Internalized cultural appearance norms

  The two Internalization subscales of the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4; Schaefer et al., 2015) assess internalized cultural messages surrounding appearance and attractiveness. The two internalization subscales were combined for this study (average across all 10 items with 1-5 range; higher scores equal greater internalization), following prior research by Kilpela et al. (2016).

  Assessed change from baseline (Survey 1) through post-intervention (Survey 2; immediately after intervention) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3; one month after intervention). Waitlist was assessed at parallel time points.

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Negative affect

  Assessed change from baseline (Survey 1) through post-intervention (Survey 2; immediately after intervention) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3; one month after intervention). Waitlist was assessed at parallel time points.

Other Outcomes (2)

• Open-ended interviews

  Students are invited to participate after completing their follow-up survey (Survey 3) or one month after their participation in the EVERYbody Project.

• Program satisfaction and application: questions included four Likert scale

  Assessed at post-intervention (Survey 2; immediately following the intervention) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3; four weeks post intervention).

Study Arms (2)

EVERYbody Project: Professional facilitator version

EXPERIMENTAL

The EVERYbody Project is a dissonance body image intervention created from focus group feedback (Ciao, Ohls, \& Pringle, 2017) and through an iterative process of student-driven feedback. The Body Project manual (Stice et al., 2006) was adapted to retain key dissonance activities while expanding the gender focus, adding an exploration of the diversity characteristics within appearance ideals, and adjusting activities to be inclusive of diversity characteristics. Several adapted versions of the intervention were piloted with groups of college students and further adapted based on feedback. Facilitators received 16 hours of training on the EVERYbody Project manual and facilitation guidelines.

Behavioral: EVERYbody Project

Waitlist control group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants allocated to the waitlist completed assessments at time points parallel to those in the EVERYbody Project condition and were offered the EVERYbody Project upon completing the one-month follow-up assessment.

Interventions

EVERYbody Project BEHAVIORAL

Brief behavioral intervention (4 hours across two meetings)

EVERYbody Project: Professional facilitator version

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Current college student enrolled at institution where research was taking place

You may not qualify if:

• None

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Western Washington University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Western Washington University

Bellingham, Washington, 98225, United States

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Ciao AC, Ohls OC, Pringle KD. Should body image programs be inclusive? A focus group study of college students. Int J Eat Disord. 2018 Jan;51(1):82-86. doi: 10.1002/eat.22794. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

  PMID: 29105805 BACKGROUND

• Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ. Assessment of eating disorders: interview or self-report questionnaire? Int J Eat Disord. 1994 Dec;16(4):363-70.

  PMID: 7866415 BACKGROUND

• Schaefer LM, Burke NL, Thompson JK, Dedrick RF, Heinberg LJ, Calogero RM, Bardone-Cone AM, Higgins MK, Frederick DA, Kelly M, Anderson DA, Schaumberg K, Nerini A, Stefanile C, Dittmar H, Clark E, Adams Z, Macwana S, Klump KL, Vercellone AC, Paxton SJ, Swami V. Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4). Psychol Assess. 2015 Mar;27(1):54-67. doi: 10.1037/a0037917. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

  PMID: 25285718 BACKGROUND

• Stice E, Shaw H, Burton E, Wade E. Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: a randomized efficacy trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Apr;74(2):263-75. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.263.

  PMID: 16649871 BACKGROUND

• Berscheid, E., Hatfield [Walster], E., & Bohrnstedt, G. (1973). The happy American body: A survey report. Psychology Today, 7, 119-131.

  BACKGROUND

• Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1992). Affects separable and inseparable: On the hierarchical arrangement of the negative affects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 489-505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ 0022-3514.62.3.489

  BACKGROUND

• Ciao AC, Latner JD, Brown KE, Ebneter DS, Becker CB. Effectiveness of a peer-delivered dissonance-based program in reducing eating disorder risk factors in high school girls. Int J Eat Disord. 2015 Sep;48(6):779-84. doi: 10.1002/eat.22418. Epub 2015 May 8.

  PMID: 25959408 BACKGROUND

• Kilpela LS, Blomquist K, Verzijl C, Wilfred S, Beyl R, Becker CB. The body project 4 all: A pilot randomized controlled trial of a mixed-gender dissonance-based body image program. Int J Eat Disord. 2016 Jun;49(6):591-602. doi: 10.1002/eat.22562. Epub 2016 May 18.

  PMID: 27188688 BACKGROUND

• Ciao AC, Munson BR, Pringle KD, Roberts SR, Lalgee IA, Lawley KA, Brewster J. Inclusive dissonance-based body image interventions for college students: Two randomized-controlled trials of the EVERYbody Project. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2021 Apr;89(4):301-315. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000636.

  PMID: 34014692 RESULT

Study Officials

• Anna C Ciao, PhD

  Western Washington University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor of Psychology

Model Details: Participants were randomized on a 1-1 basis to receive either the EVERYbody Project or be on the waitlist control list (assessment-only control).

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 15, 2020
• First Posted: August 28, 2020
• Study Start: October 1, 2016
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2017
• Study Completion: September 1, 2017
• Last Updated: August 12, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
• Time Frame: Since the trial is complete, data are available immediately upon request.

Locations

US (1)