Evaluation of Peer-led EVERYbody Project

NCT04517942 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 17-004_2
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 141
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The second trial of the EVERYbody Project explored the efficacy of the inclusive body image intervention when delivered by college peer leaders. The peer-facilitated EVERYbody Project was compared to a video and expressive writing comparison intervention through one-month follow-up.

Conditions

Body Image; Eating Disorder Symptom

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Eating disorder symptoms

  Eating disorder symptoms were assessed with the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ; Fairburn \& Beglin, 1994). The Global score of the EDEQ was used in this study (average across all 28 items).

  Assessed at baseline (Survey 1), post-intervention (Survey 2), and one-month follow-up (Survey 3)

• Body dissatisfaction

  The Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction with Body Parts Scale (SDBPS; Berscheid, Walster, \& Bohrnstedt, 1973) assessed satisfaction and dissatisfaction with nine parts of the body that are commonly endorsed as concerning (e.g., stomach, thighs, hips). The average score was used in this study (average across all 9 items).

  Assessed at baseline (Survey 1), post-intervention (Survey 2), and one-month follow-up (Survey 3)

• Internalized cultural appearance norms

  The two Internalization subscales of the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4; Schaefer et al., 2015) assess internalized cultural messages surrounding appearance and attractiveness. The two internalization subscales were combined for this study (average across all 10 items), following prior research by Kilpela et al. (2016). This survey was assessed at all outcome time points (Survey 1, 2, and 3), plus midway through the intervention (following Session 1 of the program).

  Assessed at baseline (Survey 1), following intervention Session 1 (Survey 1.B), post-intervention (Survey 2), and one-month follow-up (Survey 3)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Negative affect

  Assessed at baseline (Survey 1), post-intervention (Survey 2), and one-month follow-up (Survey 3)

Other Outcomes (1)

• Program satisfaction and application

  Assessed at post-intervention (Survey 2) and one-month follow-up (Survey 3).

Study Arms (2)

EVERYbody Project: Peer facilitator version

EXPERIMENTAL

This dissonance-based body image program was created from focus group feedback (Ciao, Ohls, \& Pringle, 2017) and piloted in an initial randomized-controlled trial. Based on the Body Project (Stice et al., 2006), it retains key dissonance activities while adapting exercises to have a more inclusive focus (e.g., expanding the gender focus, exploring diversity characteristics within appearance ideals, adjusting activities to be inclusive of diversity). Around 10% of the original EVERYbody Project manual was modified to create the Peer Facilitator version for the current trial. Changes focused on adding individual exercises to draw out the critique of diversity in cultural ideals, refining prompts to be more suitable for peer facilitation, and flagging sections of the manual for more "expert" peer facilitation. Peer facilitators received 16 hours of training on the EVERYbody Project manual and peer facilitation guidelines (e.g., group management, handling problems, etc.).

Behavioral: EVERYbody Project

Video + Expressive Writing group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Video + expressive writing groups were facilitated by a peer leader following a detailed script. This intervention was designed as an active but low-dissonance comparison condition. Participants viewed two separate documentary movies related to gender and/or appearance-related pressures (one during each session): (1) The Illusionists (2015 ), and (2) The Mask You Live In (2015). Participants engaged in a brief (10 minute) reflective writing exercise after each film. In order to keep dissonance low, participants were told that their reflections would not be shared with anyone and they were not turned in. Peer facilitators received brief (1 hour) training on the video group manual.

Other: Video + Expressive Writing

Interventions

EVERYbody Project BEHAVIORAL

Brief behavioral intervention (4 hours across two meetings)

EVERYbody Project: Peer facilitator version

Video + Expressive Writing OTHER

Brief video-based intervention (4 hours across two meetings)

Video + Expressive Writing group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Current college student enrolled at institution where research was taking place

You may not qualify if:

• None

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Western Washington University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Western Washington University

Bellingham, Washington, 98225, United States

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Ciao AC, Ohls OC, Pringle KD. Should body image programs be inclusive? A focus group study of college students. Int J Eat Disord. 2018 Jan;51(1):82-86. doi: 10.1002/eat.22794. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

  PMID: 29105805 BACKGROUND

• Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ. Assessment of eating disorders: interview or self-report questionnaire? Int J Eat Disord. 1994 Dec;16(4):363-70.

  PMID: 7866415 BACKGROUND

• Schaefer LM, Burke NL, Thompson JK, Dedrick RF, Heinberg LJ, Calogero RM, Bardone-Cone AM, Higgins MK, Frederick DA, Kelly M, Anderson DA, Schaumberg K, Nerini A, Stefanile C, Dittmar H, Clark E, Adams Z, Macwana S, Klump KL, Vercellone AC, Paxton SJ, Swami V. Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4). Psychol Assess. 2015 Mar;27(1):54-67. doi: 10.1037/a0037917. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

  PMID: 25285718 BACKGROUND

• Stice E, Shaw H, Burton E, Wade E. Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: a randomized efficacy trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Apr;74(2):263-75. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.263.

  PMID: 16649871 BACKGROUND

• Berscheid, E., Hatfield [Walster], E., & Bohrnstedt, G. (1973). The happy American body: A survey report. Psychology Today, 7, 119-131.

  BACKGROUND

• Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1992). Affects separable and inseparable: On the hierarchical arrangement of the negative affects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 489-505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ 0022-3514.62.3.489

  BACKGROUND

• Ciao AC, Latner JD, Brown KE, Ebneter DS, Becker CB. Effectiveness of a peer-delivered dissonance-based program in reducing eating disorder risk factors in high school girls. Int J Eat Disord. 2015 Sep;48(6):779-84. doi: 10.1002/eat.22418. Epub 2015 May 8.

  PMID: 25959408 BACKGROUND

• Kilpela LS, Blomquist K, Verzijl C, Wilfred S, Beyl R, Becker CB. The body project 4 all: A pilot randomized controlled trial of a mixed-gender dissonance-based body image program. Int J Eat Disord. 2016 Jun;49(6):591-602. doi: 10.1002/eat.22562. Epub 2016 May 18.

  PMID: 27188688 BACKGROUND

• Ciao AC, Munson BR, Pringle KD, Roberts SR, Lalgee IA, Lawley KA, Brewster J. Inclusive dissonance-based body image interventions for college students: Two randomized-controlled trials of the EVERYbody Project. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2021 Apr;89(4):301-315. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000636.

  PMID: 34014692 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Videotape Recording

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tape Recording; Audiovisual Aids; Educational Technology; Technology; Technology, Industry, and Agriculture; Television

Study Officials

• Anna C Ciao, PhD

  Western Washington University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor of Psychology

Model Details: After signing up for a specific time slot, participants were randomized in blocks of 10 to the EVERYbody Project or video comparison condition (two blocks of 10 participant slots were available in each time slot).

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 15, 2020
• First Posted: August 19, 2020
• Study Start: October 1, 2017
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2018
• Study Completion: September 1, 2018
• Last Updated: August 12, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
• Time Frame: Since the trial is complete, data are available immediately upon request.

Locations

US (1)