Self-Stigma of Mental and Physical Health

NCT04415437 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2019-53k
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 823
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

People with mental disorders often suffer from self-stigmatization. Self-stigma is associated with several negative outcomes such as low quality of life, lower rates of help-seeking as well as poorer treatment adherence. However, a lot of questionnaires only focus on specific mental disorders. There is no valid measurement which can be used for all kinds of mental disorders. Furthermore, much less is known about self-stigma in people with organic diseases. Only little attention has been given to those who may experience self-stigma because of their physical condition. A main reason for this may be the lack of a valid measurement of self-stigma among people with physical health issues. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop and validate a self-report scale which is capable to do both - measuring self-stigma among people with all mental disorders and among people with physical health issues.

Conditions

Mental Disorder; Organic Disease

Keywords

Self-Stigma; Mental Health; Physical Health; Questionnaire

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Development of the Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS)

  Questionnaire is based on the Stereotype Content Model (Fiske et al., 2002) and BIAS-Map (Cuddy et al., 2007) and includes three components: stereotype (warmth, competence \[lower scores indicate higher self-stigma\]), prejudice (emotions, e.g. contempt, pity, anger, shame \[higher scores indicate higher self-stigma\]), discrimination (active/passive self-harm \[higher scores indicate higher self-stigma\]). Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale. Item selection via qualitative and statistical methods, e.g. item difficulty index, item discrimination index, exploratory factor analysis (EFA).

  Baseline

• Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Validity

  Validation process includes confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the statistical model fit with goodness of fit indices. Convergent validity is tested with another measurement for self-stigma (ISMI) using Pearson correlations \[higher correlations indicate better convergent validity\]. Discriminant validity is tested with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and public stigma \[lower correlations indicate better discriminant validity\], criterion validity with actual help seeking behavior and health related quality of life (12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, SF-12) using Pearson correlations as well \[higher correlations indicate better criterion validity\].

  Baseline

• Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Internal consistency

  Internal consistency is tested with Cronbach's Alpha (0-1; higher scores indicate better internal consistency)

  Baseline

• Change on Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Test-Retest Reliability

  Test-Retest Reliability (Pearson Correlation, 0-1; higher scores indicate better reliability)

  Baseline and 4 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Intention to Seek Help

  Baseline

• Actual Help Seeking Behavior

  Baseline and 4 weeks

• 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12)

  Baseline

• Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)

  Baseline

• Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)

  Baseline

Study Arms (4)

healthy

Healthy participants

mentally ill

Participants with mental disorders

physically ill

Participants with organic disease

mentally and physically ill

Participants with mental disorders and organic disease

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Random sample including students, outpatients, inpatients

You may qualify if:

• Minimum Age: 18
• Fluent in German Language

You may not qualify if:

• Acute psychosis
• Suicidal ideation

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Philipps University Marburg: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg

Marburg, 35032, Germany

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Mental Disorders; Psychological Well-Being

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Personal Satisfaction; Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 6, 2020
• First Posted: June 4, 2020
• Study Start: November 4, 2019
• Primary Completion: June 30, 2020
• Study Completion: July 30, 2020
• Last Updated: September 16, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-09

Locations

DE (1)