Breathing Protocol in Breath-hold Divers

NCT04366414 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: CSEULS-PI-215/2018
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 46
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The aim of this randomized controlled trial study was to assess the effects of an 4-week exercise program on the recovery capacity after a voluntary maximal apnea. Participants will be randomly allocated to perform an experimental breathing protocol (NR-HB), or an usual training using their usual breathing (UB) protocol.

Conditions

Exercise Training; Apnea; Breathholding; Breathing Exercises

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Oxygen Saturation change

  Oxygen Saturation recovery will be record by the experimenters every 5 seconds by a handheld pulse-oximeter during the 1 min recovery time after a maximal dynamic apnea. The outcome was the length of the time to return to 95% SpO2 during the 1 min recovery time after maximal dynamic apnoea

  Before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Heart Rate recovery

  before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)

• Lung function (forced spirometry)

  before and after training intervention (after 4 weeks)

Study Arms (2)

hook breathing removing nose-clip

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

It will apply a usual training program for 4 weeks, 4hours and 30 min per week distributed equally over 3 days in the week. In each session, it was performed 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one. Then was performed a maximal-dynamic apnoea. To finish the session, was performed a continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes. During that training, only this group will perform an experimental breathing protocol consisted of removing nose-clip previous to surface and then perform hook breathing during 20 seconds. This protocol was applied at the end of each of the 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas and after the maximal-dynamic apnoea

Other: hook breathing removing nose-clip

usual breathing (UB)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

It will apply a usual training program for 4 weeks, 4hours and 30 min per week distributed equally over 3 days in the week. In each session, it was performed 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one. Then was performed a maximal-dynamic apnoea. To finish the session, was performed a continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes.

Other: usual breathing (UB)

Interventions

hook breathing removing nose-clip OTHER

Participants will perform 3 days per week of usual training, involving intense exercise 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one per session, and continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes, including warm-up, recovery between intervals and cool down. The experimental breathing protocol consisted on to remove nose-clip previous to surface and then perform hook breathing during 20 seconds.

hook breathing removing nose-clip

usual breathing (UB) OTHER

Participants will perform 3 days per week of usual training, involving intense exercise 8 submaximes-dynamic apnoeas with 3-minute recovery between each one per session, and continuous training of free style swimming at moderate effort over 30 minutes, including warm-up, recovery between intervals and cool down.

usual breathing (UB)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 60 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Absence of pain or illness
• No changes in cognitive ability
• Over 18 years old.
• Member of the Spanish Federation of Underwater Activities.
• Positive medical examination that allows the diver to practice voluntary apnea.

You may not qualify if:

• People with systemic diseases, tumors, infections, pacemakers, history of epilepsy, hydrophobia, pregnancy women, pharmacological treatment.
• To be participating in other physical activities during the experimental research

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Centro Universitario La Salle: lead

Study Sites (1)

Madrid FREEDIVERS association

Madrid, Spain

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Andersson JP, Liner MH, Runow E, Schagatay EK. Diving response and arterial oxygen saturation during apnea and exercise in breath-hold divers. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Sep;93(3):882-6. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00863.2001.

  PMID: 12183481 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Apnea

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Respiration Disorders; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Central Study Contacts

Francisco de Asís Fernández, PhD

CONTACT

(+34) 91 7401 980; frandeasis@lasallecampus.es

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: single-blind
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: parallel-group

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 24, 2020
• First Posted: April 28, 2020
• Study Start: October 1, 2020
• Primary Completion: October 1, 2020
• Study Completion: December 14, 2020
• Last Updated: April 28, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-04

Locations

ES (1)