Artificial Intelligence Evaluation of Periodontal Health Using Selfie Intraoral Photography

NCT04326413 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: HKWC-2019-0666
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 100
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Periodontal (gum) disease affecting more than 90% of the population globally. The soft and hard tissues that supporting the teeth are being affected. If untreated, the disease progresses from the mild and reversible form (i.e. gingivitis) that involves superficial gum only to the more severe and irreversible form (i.e. periodontitis) that involves loss of periodontal ligament and bone. Teeth will be lost eventually and significantly impairs the function and the oral health related quality of health. Moreover, periodontal disease has been strongly linked to the systemic diseases via centrally or local routes with significant health implications. Periodontal disease is initiated by bacteria (plaque) adhere on tooth surfaces and the body defense by eliciting inflammatory response. The disease and associated inflammation is site-specific and the affected gum is manifested with the cardinal signs of inflammation such as redness (color), swelling (increased volume), edema (loss of surface characteristics) and bleeds easily. Dentists are trained to identify the disease sites by visual (redness and swelling) and by mechanical probing (bleeding). Traditionally these give rises to clinical gum indices showing the degree of inflammation and are important to the clinical monitoring and management of gum diseases. The management of periodontal disease involves the removal of bacteria plaque by both dentists' tooth cleaning and maintained by patients' daily home-care. Home-care plaque removal has been shown by many studies to prevent and/or cease the development of periodontitis. However, most patients do not able to remove plaque effectively and it only takes few days for a health site to development inflammation. Professional monitoring and feedback are highly desirable but many patients only have monthly or even yearly appointment which is too late. Such "non-compliance" increase the treatment cost/time, patient discomfort and reduce treatment efficacy. Moreover, many patients do not receive regular dental checkup and they seek dentists when the gum problem becomes irreversible that complicated and expensive treatment such as tooth extraction and rehabilitation is required. This study consists of 1) collecting the standardized clinical photography with clinical gum indices/ marked by an experienced clinician, 2) import into computer for training, and 3) longitudinally monitoring and analyze of gum condition in a group of gingivitis patients receiving gum treatment.

Conditions

Gingivitis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Clinical gingival inflammation at 3 month

  Mean number/Percentage of sites with, as determined by the plaque index (Silness and Loe 1965 from 0 to 3) by observation of patient's mouth

  3-month

• Photographic gingival inflammation at 3 month

  Mean number/Percentage of sites with, as determined by the plaque index (Silness and Loe 1965 from 0 to 3) by observation of patient's standardized photo

  3-month

• Photographic gingival inflammation at baseline

  Mean number/Percentage of sites with, as determined by the plaque index (Silness and Loe 1965 from 0 to 3) by observation of patient's standardized photo

  baseline

• Clinical gingival inflammation at baseline

  Mean number/Percentage of sites with, as determined by the plaque index (Silness and Loe 1965 from 0 to 3) by observation of patient's mouth

  baseline

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Patient reported outcome on the use of smartphone selfie

  3-month

Interventions

Oral hygiene instruction and simple scaling PROCEDURE

Monitor the changes of gum condition

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Healthy dentate patients with gingivitis only and have 24 or more teeth

You may qualify if:

• Adult subjects attending PPDH and are able to give informed consent
• Subjects who diagnosed to have gingivitis only and have 24 or more teeth
• Subjects who are otherwise medically health
• Subjects who are able to attend multiple dental visits

You may not qualify if:

• Subjects who are in acute dental infection or in pain
• Subjects who have oral mucosal diseases that preclude retraction of soft tissues for photos
• Subjects who are in fixed appliance for orthodontic treatment
• Subjects who are pregnancy, or medically unfit for periodontal charting or requires antibiotic coverage (e.g. risk of infective endocarditis)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The University of Hong Kong: lead

Study Sites (1)

Prince Philip Dental Hospital

Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Gingivitis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Infections; Gingival Diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Clinical Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 25, 2020
• First Posted: March 30, 2020
• Study Start: January 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2024
• Study Completion: March 24, 2025
• Last Updated: March 28, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Locations

HK (1)