Effects of ACBT on Pulmonary Function After CABG During Phase 1 Cardiac Rehabilitation

NCT04307316 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: REC/00423 Nouman Hussain
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study is designed to determine the effects of Active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) on cardiopulmonary parameters of post CABG patients. A randomized control trial was conducted with a sample size of 40 post CABG patients. Non probability Convenience Sampling Technique was used to collect sample and randomization was done through sealed envelope method to allocate participants to the groups. Patients in experimental group did ACBT along with the conventional treatment protocol that was performed in the control group. Subjects completed the exercise protocol of 5 days. Both male and female post CABG patients of age 30-65 years who were vitally stable were included in study. Data was analyzed on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Normality was assessed through shapiro wilk test. Parametric tests were applied on normally distributed variables and non parametric tests were applied for the non normally distributed data. Confidence interval was kept at 95% and p value \<0.05 was considered significant.

Conditions

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Keywords

Active cycle of breathing technique; Chest expansion; Coronary artery bypass graft surgery; FEV1; FVC; PEFR

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)

  Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FEV1 is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.

  After 5days

• Forced vital capacity (FVC)

  Forced vital capacity (FVC) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FVC is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.

  After 5days

• FEV1/FVC

  FEV1/FVC measured through digital spirometer. The normal value for the FEV1/FVC ratio is 70% (and 65% in persons older than age 65).

  After 5days

• Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)

  Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) measured through digital spirometer. Three zones of measurement are commonly used to interpret peak flow rates. Normal value of PEFR is (80-100%). Green zone indicates 80 to 100 percent of the usual or normal peak flow reading, yellow zone indicates 50 to 79 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings, and red zone indicates less than 50 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings.

  After 5days

• Chest expansion

  Chest expansion at xiphoid level measured by finding the difference in measurements during inhalation and exhalation.

  After 5 days

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Heart rate

  After 5days

• Respiratory rate

  After 5 days

• Systolic and diastolic blood pressure

  After 5days

• Oxygen Saturation (SPO2)

  After 5days

Study Arms (2)

ACBT group

EXPERIMENTAL

Active cycle breathing technique

Other: ACBT group

Conventional treatment group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Conventional treatment group

Other: Conventional Physical therapy

Interventions

ACBT group OTHER

ACBT: Breathing control 3 to 4 Thoracic Expansion Exercise A: 3 seconds hold B: Chest clapping C: Chest vibration Forced Expiratory Technique Breathing control A: 3 seconds hold B: Chest clapping C: Chest vibration 3 to 4 Thoracic Expansion Exercise Breathing control 1-2 Huff combine with breathing control Huff and cough Chest Physical Therapy Early mobilization

ACBT group

Conventional Physical therapy OTHER

Chest percussion, deep breathing, Huff and cough. Early mobilization

Conventional treatment group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 30 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Vitally stable post CABG patients

You may not qualify if:

• Hemodynamically unstable patients
• Patient after re-opening of sternum.
• Infected patients
• Patients who cannot speak Urdu, Punjabi or English language.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Riphah International University

Islamabad, Federal, 44000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Bachar BJ, Manna B. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. 2023 Aug 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507836/

  PMID: 29939613 BACKGROUND

• Freitas ER, Soares BG, Cardoso JR, Atallah AN. Incentive spirometry for preventing pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;2012(9):CD004466. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004466.pub3.

  PMID: 22972072 BACKGROUND

• Hue B, Pelhate M, Callec JJ, Chanelet J. Synaptic transmission in the sixth ganglion of the cockroach: action of 4-aminopyridine. J Exp Biol. 1976 Dec;65(3):517-27. doi: 10.1242/jeb.65.3.517.

  PMID: 190333 BACKGROUND

• Zanini M, Nery RM, de Lima JB, Buhler RP, da Silveira AD, Stein R. Effects of Different Rehabilitation Protocols in Inpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2019 Nov;39(6):E19-E25. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000431.

  PMID: 31343586 BACKGROUND

• Uzmezoglu B, Altiay G, Ozdemir L, Tuna H, Sut N. The Efficacy of Flutter(R) and Active Cycle of Breathing Techniques in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Prospective, Randomized, Comparative Study. Turk Thorac J. 2018 Jul;19(3):103-109. doi: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2018.17050. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

  PMID: 30083399 BACKGROUND

• Lewis LK, Williams MT, Olds TS. The active cycle of breathing technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med. 2012 Feb;106(2):155-72. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.10.014. Epub 2011 Nov 18.

  PMID: 22100537 BACKGROUND

• Thybo Karanfil EO, Moller AM. Preoperative inspiratory muscle training prevents pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery - a systematic review. Dan Med J. 2018 Mar;65(3):A5450.

  PMID: 29510803 BACKGROUND

• Renault JA, Costa-Val R, Rosseti MB, Houri Neto M. Comparison between deep breathing exercises and incentive spirometry after CABG surgery. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2009 Apr-Jun;24(2):165-72. doi: 10.1590/s0102-76382009000200012.

  PMID: 19768295 BACKGROUND

• Filbay SR, Hayes K, Holland AE. Physiotherapy for patients following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery: limited uptake of evidence into practice. Physiother Theory Pract. 2012 Apr;28(3):178-87. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2011.582231. Epub 2011 Aug 8.

  PMID: 21823991 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Suman Sheraz, PhD*

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 6, 2020
• First Posted: March 13, 2020
• Study Start: August 30, 2018
• Primary Completion: February 20, 2019
• Study Completion: December 20, 2019
• Last Updated: March 13, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)