NCT04239703

Brief Summary

Demonstrate the relationship between DD-cfDNA levels and HLA antibodies in blood, and the Molecular Microscope® (MMDx) Diagnostic System results in indication biopsies.

Trial Health

88
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
300

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
19mo left

Started Dec 2019

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
10 countries

31 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress80%
Dec 2019Dec 2027

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 1, 2019

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 14, 2020

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 27, 2020

Completed
6.8 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 1, 2026

Expected
1 year until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 1, 2027

Last Updated

March 18, 2026

Status Verified

March 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

7 years

First QC Date

January 14, 2020

Last Update Submit

March 16, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

donor derived cell-free DNAbloodkidney biopsy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

  • Calibration of Prospera test for T cell-mediated rejection

    Calibration of DD-cfDNA test cut-off values against the probability of T cell-mediated rejection in the biopsy as reported by MMDx.

    18 months

  • Calibration of Prospera test for antibody-mediated rejection

    Calibration of DD-cfDNA test cut-off values against the probability of antibody-mediated rejection in the biopsy as reported by MMDx.

    18 months

  • Calibration of Prospera test for kidney injury

    Calibration of DD-cfDNA test cut-off values against the probability of acute and chronic kidney injury in the biopsy as reported by MMDx.

    18 months

  • Report calibrated Prospera test results for rejection

    Report new DD-cfDNA test cut-off values for rejection

    6 months

  • Report calibrated Prospera test results for kidney injury

    Report new DD-cfDNA test cut-off values for acute and chronic kidney injury

    6 month

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Determine if Prospera blood test can replace kidney biopsy test

    6 months

  • Assessment of donor-specific antibody status

    6 months

Study Arms (1)

Kidney transplant biopsies for cause

The study population includes patients with a functioning kidney transplant undergoing a biopsy for clinical indications as standard of care.

Diagnostic Test: MMDxDiagnostic Test: ProsperaDiagnostic Test: HLA antibody

Interventions

HLA antibodyDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Transplant patient blood sample

Also known as: transplant patient blood sample
Kidney transplant biopsies for cause
MMDxDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Portion of kidney transplant indication biopsy

Kidney transplant biopsies for cause
ProsperaDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Transplant patient blood sample

Also known as: transplant patient blood sample
Kidney transplant biopsies for cause

Eligibility Criteria

Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Study Population

The study population includes patients with a functioning kidney transplant undergoing a biopsy for clinical indications as standard of care to determine the cause of their graft dysfunction (deterioration in graft function, delayed graft function, proteinuria).

You may qualify if:

  • All kidney transplant recipients undergoing a kidney biopsy for clinical indications, as determined by their physician or surgeon, will be eligible to enroll in the study.

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients will be excluded from the study if they decline participation or are unable to give informed consent or multiple organ recipients.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (31)

Tampa General Hospital

Tampa, Florida, 33606, United States

RECRUITING

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, United States

RECRUITING

The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States

RECRUITING

Detroit Medical Center, Harper University Hospital of Wayne State University

Detroit, Michigan, 48201, United States

NOT YET RECRUITING

Henry Ford Hospital

Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States

RECRUITING

Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University at St. Louis

St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

RECRUITING

University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Ctr.

Cleveland, Ohio, 44106-5048, United States

RECRUITING

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States

RECRUITING

Intermountain Transplant Services

Murray, Utah, 84107, United States

RECRUITING

Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center

Richmond, Virginia, 23298, United States

RECRUITING

Division of Nephrology & UW Organ Transplant Center University of Washington

Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States

RECRUITING

Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital 1 South East

Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia

RECRUITING

University of Alberta, Department of Medicine

Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada

RECRUITING

ST. Paul's Hospital, 6A Providence Building, 1081 Burrard Street

Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada

RECRUITING

University Hospital Merkur Renal Division

Zagreb, 1910000, Croatia

RECRUITING

Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM)

Prague, 140 21 Praha 4, Czechia

RECRUITING

Charite-Medical University of Berlin Department of Nephrology

Berlin, 10117, Germany

RECRUITING

Centre of Nephrology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos

Vilnius, LT-08661, Lithuania

RECRUITING

Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medical University in Bialystok

Bialystok, 15-540, Poland

COMPLETED

University Hospital nr1 Bydgoszcz, Klinika Transplantologii

Bydgoszcz, 85-094, Poland

COMPLETED

Medical University of Gdańsk Klinika Nefrologii Transplantologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych

Gdansk, 80-259, Poland

RECRUITING

Medical University of Silesia

Katowice, 40-027, Poland

RECRUITING

Department of Transplantation and General Surgery, Wojewodzki Hospital

Poznan, 60-479, Poland

RECRUITING

Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, University Hospital n.2

Szczecin, 70-111, Poland

RECRUITING

Pomeranian Medical University, Samodzielny Publiczny Woj. Szpital Zespolony, Oddzial Nefrologii i Transplantacji Nerek

Szczecin, 71-455, Poland

RECRUITING

Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases

Warsaw, 02-006, Poland

RECRUITING

Transplant Medicine & Nephrology Clinic, Medical University of Warsaw

Warsaw, 02-006, Poland

RECRUITING

The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension

Warsaw, 04-730, Poland

COMPLETED

Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine

Wroclaw, 50-556, Poland

RECRUITING

Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre

Ljubljana, 21000, Slovenia

RECRUITING

University Hospital Zurich

Zurich, 8091, Switzerland

COMPLETED

Related Publications (12)

  • Madill-Thomsen KS, Halloran PF. Precision diagnostics in transplanted organs using microarray-assessed gene expression: concepts and technical methods of the Molecular Microscope(R) Diagnostic System (MMDx). Clin Sci (Lond). 2024 Jun 5;138(11):663-685. doi: 10.1042/CS20220530.

    PMID: 38819301BACKGROUND
  • Halloran PF, Madill-Thomsen KS. Donor-derived Cell-free DNA: A Step Forward in the Quest for Transplant Truth. Transplantation. 2025 Jun 1;109(6):910-914. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000005332. Epub 2025 Jan 28. No abstract available.

    PMID: 39883025BACKGROUND
  • Halloran PF, Reeve J, Madill-Thomsen KS, Demko Z, Prewett A, Billings P; Trifecta Investigators. The Trifecta Study: Comparing Plasma Levels of Donor-derived Cell-Free DNA with the Molecular Phenotype of Kidney Transplant Biopsies. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Feb;33(2):387-400. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2021091191. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

  • Halloran PF, Reeve J, Madill-Thomsen KS, Demko Z, Prewett A, Gauthier P, Billings P, Lawrence C, Lowe D, Hidalgo LG; the Trifecta Investigators. Antibody-mediated Rejection Without Detectable Donor-specific Antibody Releases Donor-derived Cell-free DNA: Results From the Trifecta Study. Transplantation. 2023 Mar 1;107(3):709-719. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004324. Epub 2023 Feb 21.

  • Halloran PF, Madill-Thomsen KS, Reeve J. The Molecular Phenotype of Kidney Transplants: Insights From the MMDx Project. Transplantation. 2024 Jan 1;108(1):45-71. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004624. Epub 2023 Dec 13.

  • Halloran PF, Reeve J, Madill-Thomsen KS, Kaur N, Ahmed E, Cantos C, Al Haj Baddar N, Demko Z, Liang N, Swenerton RK, Zimmermann BG, Van Hummelen P, Prewett A, Rabinowitz M, Tabriziani H, Gauthier P, Billings P; Trifecta Investigators*. Combining Donor-derived Cell-free DNA Fraction and Quantity to Detect Kidney Transplant Rejection Using Molecular Diagnoses and Histology as Confirmation. Transplantation. 2022 Dec 1;106(12):2435-2442. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004212. Epub 2022 Nov 22.

  • Gauthier PT, Madill-Thomsen KS, Demko Z, Prewett A, Gauthier P, Halloran PF; Trifecta-Kidney Investigators. Distinct Molecular Processes Mediate Donor-derived Cell-free DNA Release From Kidney Transplants in Different Disease States. Transplantation. 2024 Apr 1;108(4):898-910. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004877. Epub 2023 Dec 27.

  • Hidalgo LG, Madill-Thomsen KS, Reeve J, Mackova M, Gauthier P, Demko Z, Prewett A, Lee M, Alhamad T, Anand S, Arnol M, Baliga R, Banasik M, Blosser CD, Bobba S, Brennan D, Bromberg J, Budde K, Chamienia A, Chow K, Ciszek M, Costa N, Deborska-Materkowska D, Debska-Slizien A, Domanski L, Fatica R, Francis I, Fryc J, Gill J, Gill J, Glyda M, Gourishankar S, Gryczman M, Gupta G, Hruba P, Hughes P, Jittirat A, Jurekovic Z, Kamal L, Kamel M, Kant S, Kojc N, Konopa J, Kumar D, Lan J, Lowe D, Mazurkiewicz J, Miglinas M, Moinuddin I, Mueller T, Myslak M, Naumnik B, Paczek L, Patel A, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Piecha G, Poggio E, Bloudickova SR, Regele H, Schachtner T, Shojai S, Sikosana MLN, Slatinska J, Smykal-Jankowiak K, Haler ZV, Viklicky O, Vucur K, Weir MR, Wiecek A, Zaky Z, Halloran PF. Improving the histologic detection of donor-specific antibody-negative antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplants. Am J Transplant. 2026 Jan;26(1):117-130. doi: 10.1016/j.ajt.2025.08.029. Epub 2025 Aug 23.

  • Madill-Thomsen KS, Hidalgo LG, Demko ZP, Gauthier PM, Prewett A, Lowe D, Chang JJ, Mackova M, Budde K, Bromberg JS, Halloran PF; Trifecta-Kidney Study Group. Defining Relationships Among Tests for Kidney Transplant Antibody-Mediated Rejection. Kidney Int Rep. 2025 Jun 17;10(9):3225-3238. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2025.06.017. eCollection 2025 Sep.

  • Halloran PF, Chang J, Mackova M, Madill-Thomsen KS, Akalin E, Alhamad T, Anand S, Arnol M, Baliga R, Banasik M, Blosser CD, Bohmig G, Brennan D, Bromberg J, Budde K, Chamienia A, Chow K, Ciszek M, de Freitas D, Deborska-Materkowska D, Debska-Slizien A, Djamali A, Domanski L, Durlik M, Einecke G, Eskandary F, Fatica R, Francis I, Fryc J, Gill J, Gill J, Glyda M, Gourishankar S, Gryczman M, Gupta G, Hruba P, Hughes P, Jittirat A, Jurekovic Z, Kamal L, Kamel M, Kant S, Kojc N, Konopa J, Lan J, Mannon RB, Matas A, Mazurkiewicz J, Miglinas M, Mueller T, Myslak M, Narins S, Naumnik B, Patel A, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Picton M, Piecha G, Poggio E, Rajnochova Bloudickova S, Schachtner T, Shojai S, Sikosana ML, Slatinska J, Smykal-Jankowiak K, Solanki A, Veceric Haler Z, Viklicky O, Vucur K, Weir MR, Wiecek A, Wlodarczyk Z, Yang H, Zaky Z, Gauthier PT, Hinze C. A cross-sectional study of the role of epithelial cell injury in kidney transplant outcomes. JCI Insight. 2025 Apr 15;10(10):e188658. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.188658. eCollection 2025 May 22.

  • Halloran PF, Reeve J, Mackova M, Madill-Thomsen KS, Demko Z, Olymbios M, Campbell P, Melenovsky V, Gong T, Hall S, Stehlik J. Comparing Plasma Donor-derived Cell-free DNA to Gene Expression in Endomyocardial Biopsies in the Trifecta-Heart Study. Transplantation. 2024 Sep 1;108(9):1931-1942. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004986. Epub 2024 Aug 20.

  • Halloran PF, Madill-Thomsen KS. The Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System: Assessment of Rejection and Injury in Heart Transplant Biopsies. Transplantation. 2023 Jan 1;107(1):27-44. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004323. Epub 2022 Dec 8.

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITHOUT DNA

RNA isolated from kidney biopsies

Study Officials

  • Philip F Halloran, MD, PhD

    University of Alberta

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Konrad S Famulski, PhD

CONTACT

Robert Polakowski, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Distinguished Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 14, 2020

First Posted

January 27, 2020

Study Start

December 1, 2019

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2027

Last Updated

March 18, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations