Olfactory Contributions to Sleep-dependent Food Craving

NCT04179838 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: R21DK118503
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 29
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

This within-subject experiment uses one night of acute sleep restriction (4h) vs normal sleep (8h) to study state-dependent changes in olfactory processing. Odor-evoked blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) responses will be measured in olfactory brain regions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Food intake will be measured at a buffet.

Conditions

Sleep Deprivation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)-Based Decoding Accuracy of Food vs Non-food Odors in Piriform Cortex

  In the evening after the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Sleep Deprived" intervention, odor-evoked brain responses were collected using fMRI. fMRI data was analyzed using searchlight-based support vector machines and leave-one-run-out cross-validation to decode information about food vs. non-food odors. For each participant, this resulted in two maps of decoding accuracy (% data points correctly classified as food or non-food odors), one map per intervention. The measure of interest was decoding accuracy extracted from the piriform cortex.

  A single time point, in the evening (~19 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Energy-density of Consumed Food

  A single time point, in the evening (~20 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

• Ghrelin

  A single time point, in the evening (~19.5 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

• Leptin

  A single time point, in the evening (~19.5 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

• Total Calories of Consumed Food

  A single time point, in the evening (~20 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

• Insulin

  A single time point, in the evening (~19.5 h) after both the night of the "Sleep-Deprived" and the "Non-Deprived" intervention.

Study Arms (2)

Sleep-Deprived first, then Non-Sleep Deprived

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will first be tested after 1 night with partial sleep deprivation (sleep-deprived, 4 h sleep). After a washout period of 4 weeks, they will be tested again after 1 night with normal sleep (non-sleep deprived, 8 h sleep).

Behavioral: Sleep-Deprived; Behavioral: Non-Sleep Deprived

Non-Sleep Deprived first, then Sleep-deprived

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will first be tested after 1 night with normal sleep (non-sleep deprived, 8 h sleep). After a washout period of 4 weeks, they will be tested again after 1 night with partial sleep deprivation (sleep-deprived, 4 h sleep).

Behavioral: Sleep-Deprived; Behavioral: Non-Sleep Deprived

Interventions

Sleep-Deprived BEHAVIORAL

Sleep for 4 hours at home.

Non-Sleep Deprived first, then Sleep-deprived; Sleep-Deprived first, then Non-Sleep Deprived

Non-Sleep Deprived BEHAVIORAL

Sleep for 8 hours at home.

Non-Sleep Deprived first, then Sleep-deprived; Sleep-Deprived first, then Non-Sleep Deprived

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 40 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• age between 18 and 40 years old
• regular sleep schedule (average sleep duration of ≥7 h/night, habitual mid-sleep time 3-5 am \[deviation ≤2 h in daily mid-sleep time\], time in bed ≤9 h)
• right-handed
• fluent English speakers

You may not qualify if:

• history of significant cerebrovascular disease including (but not limited to) epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, meningitis
• body mass index (BMI) below 18.5 (underweight) or above 24.9 (overweight or obese)
• history of sleep disorder
• job with night shifts
• history of major head trauma with sustained loss of consciousness
• history of neurosurgery, ear-nose-throat (ENT) surgery, or cardiac surgery
• history of cardiac pacemaker or neurostimulator implantation
• history of significant medical illness including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe asthma requiring hospitalization for treatment, renal insufficiency requiring dialysis, etc.
• history of major psychiatric disorder including major affective disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia
• claustrophobia
• history of significant food or non-food allergy, including latex, detergents, soaps
• presence of known smell, taste or ENT disorder
• history of sinusitis or allergic rhinitis
• history of alcoholism or consistent drug use
• current smoking

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Northwestern University: lead

Related Publications (1)

• Bhutani S, Howard JD, Reynolds R, Zee PC, Gottfried J, Kahnt T. Olfactory connectivity mediates sleep-dependent food choices in humans. Elife. 2019 Oct 8;8:e49053. doi: 10.7554/eLife.49053.

  PMID: 31591965 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sleep Deprivation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dyssomnias; Sleep Wake Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Thorsten Kahnt
• Organization: Northwestern University

thorsten.kahnt@northwestern.edu

3125032896

Study Officials

• Thorsten Kahnt, PhD

  Northwestern University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: Yes

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 21, 2019
• First Posted: November 27, 2019
• Study Start: September 19, 2016
• Primary Completion: August 15, 2017
• Study Completion: August 15, 2017
• Last Updated: March 25, 2020
• Results First Posted: March 25, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Time Frame: Upon publication
• Access Criteria: Data can be obtained from the PI for non-profit purposes upon reasonable request.