NCT04098666

Brief Summary

MAP will be a multisite phase II/III 1:1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) of long acting metformin (reduced mass Glucophage XR) vs. matching placebo in 326 men and women with early and late aMCI, without diabetes, not treated with metformin, overweight or obese, aged 55 years to 90 years. The RCT will last 18 months and have 4 visits: baseline, 6-months, 12-months, and 18-months. The RCT will be preceded by a screening phase followed by randomization and a titration period in which drug/placebo will be titrated from 500 mg a day (one tablet) to 2,000 mg a day (4 tablets), in increments of 500 mg (one tablet) every 10 days. Participants will remain in the RCT on the tolerated dose, and included in analyses on an intent to treat basis. We expect the attrition rate to be 10%/year. Neuropsychological battery, clinical interviews, physical exam, and phlebotomy will be conducted at baseline and every 6 months. Brain MRI will be conducted in approximately half of the participants (186) twice, at baseline, and after the last study visit at month 18. We will also conduct brain amyloid Positron Emission Tomography (PET) using 18F-Florbetaben, and tau PET using 18F-MK6240 in half of the participants at baseline and end of the RCT. The primary clinical outcome of the study will be changes in the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test. The secondary endpoints are 1) changes in global cognitive performance, measured with the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (ADCS-PACC); 2) changes in neurodegeneration, ascertained as cortical thickness in areas affected by AD on brain MRI; 3) changes in cerebrovascular disease, ascertained as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume on brain MRI; 4) Changes in whole brain amyloid ß (Aß) SUVR and in incident amyloid positivity; 5) Changes in tau SUVR in a composite brain region comprising medial and inferolateral temporal cortex; 6) Changes in plasma AD biomarkers. The data coordinating center and Imaging Core is located at John Hopkins University. The PET coordinating center is located at UC-Berkeley. The Clinical Coordinating and Monitoring Center and the central laboratory will be located at Columbia. The Research pharmacy function will be shared by the University of Rochester, which will dispense randomization kits, and the University of Iowa, which will receive bulk metformin and identical matching placebo from EMD Serono.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
326

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
12mo left

Started Mar 2021

Longer than P75 for phase_2

Geographic Reach
1 country

22 active sites

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress83%
Mar 2021Apr 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 19, 2019

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 23, 2019

Completed
1.5 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 22, 2021

Completed
5.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 30, 2026

Expected
1 year until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 30, 2027

Last Updated

February 19, 2025

Status Verified

February 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

5.1 years

First QC Date

September 19, 2019

Last Update Submit

February 17, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT)

    Total recall of the FCSRT

    18 months

Secondary Outcomes (7)

  • Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC-ADCS)

    18 months

  • APOE-ε4 genotype

    18 months

  • White matter hyper intensity volume (WMH)

    18 months

  • Brain amyloid

    18 months

  • Brain Tau

    18 months

  • +2 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

metformin users

EXPERIMENTAL

Extended release metformin 500 mg tablets up to 2,000 mg (4 tablets) a day once at night. The maximum dose will be attempted during a titration period in the first month of the study.

Drug: extended release metformin

metformin non-users

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Placebo tablets identical to extended release metformin 500 mg tablets up to 4 tablets a day once at night. The maximum dose will be attempted during a titration period in the first month of the study.

Drug: Placebo oral tablet

Interventions

Placebo tablet identical to metformin, up to 4 tablets a day

Also known as: Placebo
metformin non-users

Metformin extended release 500 mg tablets, up to 4 tablets a day

Also known as: Metformin
metformin users

Eligibility Criteria

Age55 Years - 90 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Diagnosis of aMCI: in general, the diagnosis of aMCI follows the definition in the 2011 National Institute on Aging (NIA)/ Alzheimer's association (AA) guidelines, without biomarkers. Participants must have:
  • Subjective memory concerns reported by participant, study partner, or clinician.
  • A mini-mental state exam between ≥ 22 for subjects with more than 8 years of education. For subjects with less than 8 years of education, a MMSE ≥ 20 will be allowed.
  • Clinical Dementia Rating = 0.5. The memory box score must be at least 0.5. Information from the formal University of Washington CDR instrument, report by the participant of subjective cognitive complaints, and findings from the screening neuropsychological battery, can be used for this determination by the investigative team. For example, the University of Washington CDR can be 0, but the CDR memory box score can be deemed to be 0.5 based on cognitive complaints at screening and meeting the MCI neuropsychological criteria.
  • General cognition and functional performance sufficiently preserved such that a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease cannot be made by the site physician at the time of the screening visit.
  • Abnormal memory function documented by scoring within the education adjusted ranges on the Logical Memory II subscale (Delayed Paragraph Recall, Paragraph A only) from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised.
  • For early MCI:
  • for 16 or more years of education
  • for 8-15 years of education
  • for 0-7 years of education
  • For late MCI
  • ≤ 8 for 16 or more years of education
  • ≤ 4 for 8-15 years of education
  • ≤ 2 for 0-7 years of education
  • Age range: 55 years to 90 years.
  • +7 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Use of metformin or any class of medication approved for treatment of diabetes, even if it is used for an indication other than diabetes (e.g., obesity), within one year of screening. These medications include GLP-1 agonists used for weight loss.
  • Body mass index ≤ 20 k/m2.
  • Metformin is contraindicated in persons with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 30 mL/min. For persons with an eGFR of 30 to 45 mL/min, a reduction of the dose or discontinuation of the medication is recommended for those on metformin; in this range, it is also recommended that persons do not initiate metformin. Thus, participants with eGFR ≤ 45 mL/min will not be eligible to participate.
  • The risk of lactic acidosis is increased in persons with liver disease and class III or IV congestive heart failure. Thus, persons with liver disease other than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or class III or IV congestive heart failure will not be eligible to participate due to the risks of side effects.
  • A history of intolerance to metformin.
  • History of cerebrovascular accident with residual neurological deficits.
  • Moderate to severe depression, indicated by a score in the Geriatric Depression Scale of 9/15 or higher.
  • Dementia diagnosis
  • Lack of capacity to consent
  • Participants with neurologic diseases associated with neurologic deficits on clinical examination.
  • Participants with other current Axis I psychiatric diagnoses such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
  • Alcohol or substance abuse or dependence in the past 6 months.
  • Use of medications rated as being the likely cause of cognitive impairment. These include benzodiazepines in dose equivalents greater than 2 mg daily of lorazepam, and regular use of prescription narcotics.
  • Normal individuals without cognitive complaints.
  • Participants with uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 95 mmHg).
  • +8 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (22)

University of California - Irvine

Irvine, California, 92697, United States

Location

Stanford University

Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States

Location

Georgetown University

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20007, United States

Location

University of Miami

Miami, Florida, 33136, United States

Location

Emory University

Atlanta, Georgia, 30329, United States

Location

Rush University Medical Center

Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States

Location

University of Kansas Medical Center

Wichita, Kansas, 67214, United States

Location

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70808, United States

Location

Boston University

Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, United States

Location

University of New Mexico

Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106, United States

Location

University at Buffalo

Buffalo, New York, 14203, United States

Location

New York University Langone Medical Center

New York, New York, 10016, United States

Location

Columbia University Medical Center

New York, New York, 10032, United States

Location

Cornell University

New York, New York, 10065, United States

Location

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse, New York, 13210, United States

Location

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, United States

Location

University of Cincinnati

Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, United States

Location

University of Texas - Southwestern Medical Center

Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States

Location

The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio

San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States

Location

Eastern Virginia Medical School

Norfolk, Virginia, 23507, United States

Location

University of Washington

Seattle, Washington, 98104, United States

Location

Medical College of Wisconsin

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Kim AB, Arvanitakis Z. Insulin resistance, cognition, and Alzheimer disease. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023 Jun;31(6):1486-1498. doi: 10.1002/oby.23761.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cognitive Dysfunction

Interventions

Metformin

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Cognition DisordersNeurocognitive DisordersMental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

BiguanidesGuanidinesAmidinesOrganic Chemicals

Study Officials

  • José A Luchsinger, MD

    Columbia University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
the study will be placebo controlled
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: randomized 1:1 placebo controlled double blinded
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 19, 2019

First Posted

September 23, 2019

Study Start

March 22, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 30, 2027

Last Updated

February 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

All datasets used/generated on the project will be made accessible and reusable by qualified individuals other than the original data generators via web-based resources with the capacity to store large and diverse datasets (such as data about clinical phenotypes, genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, and metabolomics) to enable multiple parallel approaches to data analysis and interpretation. All analytical methodologies will be made fully reproducible and transparent so that results can be vetted and existing analysis techniques quickly applied to new application areas. We will comply with the data sharing arrangement decided by NIA.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, CSR, ANALYTIC CODE
Time Frame
After reporting of main results

Locations