Factors Associated With Obesity in Adult Women: Respiratory Exchange Ratio, Heart Rate Variation and Body Image

NCT04029532 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 201901140RINA
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 121
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The prevalence of obesity all over the world has increased year by year, and how to effectively prevent and treat obesity has become an important health care issue. Many adjustable and nonadjustable causes of obesity have been proposed, such as unbalanced eating habits, lack of physical activity, psychological factors, and genes. The practice guidelines recommended lifestyle modification interventions which include diet control combined with regular exercise as the core treatment for obesity, but the effects on different ethnic groups are not ideal. In order to provide more choices for future weight loss intervention, it would be important to find out more risk factors for obesity. Previous studies have shown that lower sympathetic activity assessed by heart rate variability was related to obesity; obese men have higher respiratory exchange rates which might indicate they are more likely to use carbohydrates as a source of energy, and therefore, fat cannot be effectively consumed and led to an accumulation in the body. Furthermore, previous studies showed that Asians are less satisfied with their body image than other races, and women are more dissatisfied than men. Poor body image will lead to a series of effects, such as changes in eating habits, hormonal changes, depression, etc., eventually forming a vicious circle of obesity. However, most aforementioned Asians in these studies are immigrants living in overseas areas such as the Americas, and cannot fully represent the ethnic groups in Asia. Therefore, the purpose of this study are (1) to investigate the physiological and psychological factors influence obesity in adult women, including respiratory exchange rate, heart rate variability, and body image, and (2) to examine the correlations among these risk factors and different degree of obesity.

Conditions

Obesity

Keywords

Respiratory exchange ratio; Body image; Heart rate variability

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Respiratory exchange ratio (RER)

  Ask participants to supine on bed, using a ventilator hood cover upon their head. Measure respiratory exchange ratio for 15 minutes. Device used: Vmax® Encore Metabolic Cart, Carefusion Corporation, Yorba Linda, California (CA). Normal range: 0.7-1.0, greater value indicates more carbohydrates oxidation, while smaller value indicates more fat oxidation.

  After filling in all questionnaires, lasting 15 minutes.

• Heart rate variability (HRV)

  Ask participants to supine on bed for 10 minutes, connect electrodes on their right wrist. Measure heart rate variability for 5 minutes. Device used: SS1C, Enjoy Research Inc., Taiwan. High frequency (HF): greater value indicates active parasympathetic activity. Low frequency-high frequency ratio (LF/HF): greater value indicates active sympathetic activity.

  After measuring respiratory exchange ratio, lasting 15 minutes.

• Body image

  Fill in questionnaire (multi-directional self-body relationship questionnaire (MBSRQ)). There are 69 questions, each question scores 1-5 points. Sum up all points, greater value indicates better body image.

  After filling in basic data questionnaire, lasting 10 minutes.

• Body image (evaluative component)

  Figure rating scale (FRS) is used. Nine figures of women (from lean to obese) is provided, participants are asked to choose which figure fits her present and ideal appearance the most. Scoring 1-9 points, greater value indicates poorer body image.

  After filling in multi-directional self-body relationship questionnaire (MBSRQ), lasting 5 minutes.

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Body fat percentage

  After measuring heart rate variability, lasting 5 minutes.

• Physical activity

  After filling in body image questionnaire, lasting 5 minutes.

• Eating behavior

  After filling in physical activity questionnaire, lasting 5 minutes.

• Depression

  After filling in eating behavior questionnaire, lasting 5 minutes.

Study Arms (2)

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight

Body mass index (BMI) \< 24.0 kg/m\^2

Device: Respiratory exchange ratio; Device: Heart rate variability; Device: Body composition; Behavioral: Eating behavior; Behavioral: Physical activity recall; Behavioral: Depression; Behavioral: Body image

Overweight and obese

Body mass index (BMI) \>= 24.0 kg/m\^2

Device: Respiratory exchange ratio; Device: Heart rate variability; Device: Body composition; Behavioral: Eating behavior; Behavioral: Physical activity recall; Behavioral: Depression; Behavioral: Body image

Interventions

Respiratory exchange ratio DEVICE

Ask participants to supine on bed, using a ventilator hood cover upon their head. Measure respiratory exchange ratio for 15 minutes.

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Heart rate variability DEVICE

Ask participants to supine on bed for 10 minutes, connect electrodes on their right wrist. Measure heart rate variability for 5 minutes.

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Body composition DEVICE

Ask participants to supine on bed for 10 minutes, connect electrodes on their right wrist and right foot. Measure body composition.

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Eating behavior BEHAVIORAL

Fill in questionnaire (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, revised 18-item, TFEQ-18).

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Physical activity recall BEHAVIORAL

Fill in questionnaire (Seven-days Physical Activity Recall, 7-d PAR).

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Depression BEHAVIORAL

Fill in questionnaire (Mongomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, MADRS).

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Body image BEHAVIORAL

Fill in questionnaire (multi-directional self-body relationship questionnaire (MBSRQ), figure rating scale (FRS)).

Non-overweight/obese & normal weight; Overweight and obese

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 50 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Premenopausal women
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Asian, mainly living in Taiwan

You may qualify if:

• years old, premenopausal

You may not qualify if:

• Taking medications that affect weight or hormones
• Fluctuation of weight exceeds 2 kg within 3 months before the enrolled in study
• Any condition that causes the subject fail to complete the test paper, such as: cognitive problems
• Diagnosed with mental illness
• Pregnancy or menopause

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National Taiwan University Hospital: lead

Study Sites (1)

National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy

Taipei, Zhongzheng, 100, Taiwan

Location

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MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 15, 2019
• First Posted: July 23, 2019
• Study Start: April 1, 2019
• Primary Completion: October 26, 2019
• Study Completion: January 14, 2020
• Last Updated: August 12, 2020

Record last verified: 2019-11

Locations

TW (1)