Mirror Box Therapy As a Treatment Option for Functional Movement Disorders

NCT03660098 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 18-458
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 14
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of using mirror box therapy as a therapeutic technique amongst patients with functional movement disorders. It is hypothesized that a brief, single, in-office mirror therapy session will lead to a noticeable decrease in FMD-related involuntary movements.

Conditions

Functional Movement Disorder

Keywords

FMD; functional movement disorder; functional neurological disorder; functional tremor; psychogenic tremor

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Simplified Functional Movement Disorders Rating Scale (s-FMDRS) score post exercise

  The difference in scored movement severity in the more affected hand based on the modified s-FMDRS scale during the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) exam after the exercises with vs. without the mirror box. Movements are scored by video raters on a scale of 0-3, and higher score indicates more severe movement.

  Because this is a one-time visit study, outcome will be measured during the visit, data reported at study conclusion after successfully recruiting 14 subjects and completing analysis with projected finish date in 1 year

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Simplified Functional Movement Disorders Rating Scale (s-FMDRS) score during exercise

  Because this is a one-time visit study, outcome will be measured during the visit, data reported at study conclusion after successfully recruiting 14 subjects and completing analysis with projected finish date in 1 year

• Change in self-perception

  Because this is a one-time visit study, outcome will be measured during the visit, data reported at study conclusion after successfully recruiting 14 subjects and completing analysis with projected finish date in 1 year

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients diagnosed with functional movement disorder (functional tremor) by a fellowship trained movement disorders neurologist

You may qualify if:

• Patients diagnosed with functional movement disorder by a fellowship trained movement disorders neurologist, presenting predominantly with unilateral or asymmetrical bilateral involuntary movement in the upper extremity
• In patients with bilateral involuntary movements, the symptoms in one arm must be minimal

You may not qualify if:

• Patients with moderate to severe involuntary movement in both arms
• Significant cognitive impairment that prevents proper informed consent
• Severe involuntary movement that interferes with the use of the apparatus
• Patients with hemiparesis or the loss of one arm due to various reasons (e.g. amputations, birth defects, etc.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The Cleveland Clinic: lead

Study Sites (1)

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Ricciardi L, Edwards MJ. Treatment of functional (psychogenic) movement disorders. Neurotherapeutics. 2014 Jan;11(1):201-7. doi: 10.1007/s13311-013-0246-x.

  PMID: 24356785 BACKGROUND

• Morgante F, Edwards MJ, Espay AJ. Psychogenic movement disorders. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2013 Oct;19(5 Movement Disorders):1383-96. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000436160.41071.79.

  PMID: 24092294 BACKGROUND

• Jacob AE, Kaelin DL, Roach AR, Ziegler CH, LaFaver K. Motor Retraining (MoRe) for Functional Movement Disorders: Outcomes From a 1-Week Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Program. PM R. 2018 Nov;10(11):1164-1172. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.05.011. Epub 2018 May 18.

  PMID: 29783067 BACKGROUND

• Arya KN, Pandian S. Effect of task-based mirror therapy on motor recovery of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients: a pilot study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2013 May-Jun;20(3):210-7. doi: 10.1310/tsr2003-210.

  PMID: 23841968 BACKGROUND

• Chan BL, Witt R, Charrow AP, Magee A, Howard R, Pasquina PF, Heilman KM, Tsao JW. Mirror therapy for phantom limb pain. N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 22;357(21):2206-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc071927. No abstract available.

  PMID: 18032777 BACKGROUND

• Moseley LG, Gallace A, Spence C. Is mirror therapy all it is cracked up to be? Current evidence and future directions. Pain. 2008 Aug 15;138(1):7-10. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.06.026. Epub 2008 Jul 14. No abstract available.

  PMID: 18621484 BACKGROUND

• Diers M, Christmann C, Koeppe C, Ruf M, Flor H. Mirrored, imagined and executed movements differentially activate sensorimotor cortex in amputees with and without phantom limb pain. Pain. 2010 May;149(2):296-304. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.02.020. Epub 2010 Mar 31.

  PMID: 20359825 BACKGROUND

• Jose N. Mirror Box Therapy. Int. J. Adv. Nur. Management. 2014 Apr;2(2):97-9.

  BACKGROUND

• Chatterjee P, Banerjee R, Choudhury S, Mondal B, Kulsum MU, Chatterjee K, Kumar H. Mirror movements in Parkinson's disease: An under-appreciated clinical sign. J Neurol Sci. 2016 Jul 15;366:171-176. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.05.026. Epub 2016 May 14.

  PMID: 27288800 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Conversion Disorder

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Somatoform Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Xin Xin Yu, MD

  The Cleveland Clinic

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE ONLY
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Attending Physician

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 8, 2018
• First Posted: September 6, 2018
• Study Start: June 28, 2018
• Primary Completion: May 17, 2022
• Study Completion: May 17, 2022
• Last Updated: February 13, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)