NCT03658980

Brief Summary

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that affects the eyesight of about 21.3% persons with diabetes in Bangladesh in a way that is irreversible because of the nature of the disease. According to International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas (5th Edition), in 2011 there were approximately 8.4 million people in the age bracket 20-79 suffering from diabetes in Bangladesh, and this number is projected to double to 16.8 million by 2030. Based on these statistics, and also according to a nationally published report, the number of persons with DR is estimated to be about 1.8 million in Bangladesh. Taking measures to delay vision loss in persons with diabetes is more cost-effective than its treatment. Timely and effective referral of DR cases to an Ophthalmologist is very important in the prevention of this disease. The objective of this study is to identify reasons of DR referral procedure compliance and non-compliance among registered persons with diabetes in a diabetic clinic and recommend effective strategies to enhance the referral system. The first phase of study is cross-sectional. Second phase of study is a Randomized Controlled Trial (intervention group to receive home-based health education and control group to receive standard care). It is expected that the number of registered persons with diabetes of Barishal DAB hospital who were referred to an Eye Consultant at a tertiary hospital from September 2017 - August 2018 will be N=300. All 300 participants will be eligible for inclusion in the first phase of the study. This group (est. N=300) will be categorized into compliant (est. N=120) and non-compliant participants (est. N=180). Both groups will be interviewed to understand motivation factors for compliance and de-motivation factors for non-compliance. In the second phase of the study, the non-compliant group will be categorized further into intervention and control groups following Randomization. The intervention group will receive relevant health education messages on Diabetic Retinopathy and information about the days and times when eye care services are provided at the tertiary hospital (i.e. service availability information). They will be provided with telephonic reminders at Days 7, 30 and 90 after the health education. Then, after a gap of one month from the last telephonic reminder, both control and intervention groups will be interviewed again. In this way this study will conclude whether the health education intervention is an effective way of improving compliance rate of referred DR persons. All questionnaires will be pre-tested in the study location. All participants will have to sign a detailed Bengali informed consent form. SPSS software will be used for data entry and analysis. Multiple Logistic Regression, along with other tests, will be used to identify variables that significantly influence successful referrals.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
299

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2018

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 25, 2018

Completed
12 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 6, 2018

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 15, 2018

Completed
4 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 31, 2019

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 31, 2019

Completed
4.5 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

February 16, 2024

Completed
Last Updated

February 16, 2024

Status Verified

July 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

4 months

First QC Date

August 25, 2018

Results QC Date

August 4, 2020

Last Update Submit

July 1, 2023

Conditions

Keywords

Diabetes MellitusDiabetic RetinopathyReferral

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Number of Participants Who Had Successful Referrals

    Number of Participants Who Had Successful Referrals, resulting from a health education intervention (among non-compliant persons, i.e. those who do not avail appointment with an Eye Consultant at a tertiary hospital after being detected with probable Diabetic Retinopathy at a diabetes hospital) - to be measured using Pre and Post intervention questionnaire based on previously used questionnaires of similar published studies

    5 months

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Increase in Knowledge About Diabetic Retinopathy

    5 months

Study Arms (2)

Health Education Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Face-to-face health education session on Diabetic Retinopathy and available services at a tertiary hospital, followed by telephonic reminders at Day 7, 30 and 90.

Behavioral: Health Education Intervention

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

No Intervention will be conducted in this control group

Interventions

Face-to-face health education intervention on Diabetic Retinopathy and available services at a tertiary hospital, followed by telephonic reminder at Day 7, 30 and 90.

Health Education Intervention

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • atleast 18 years of age
  • Persons with diabetes who are registered with Barishal Diabetes Hospital
  • Referred to SBMC\&H (tertiary hospital) for DR management (screening/treatment), from September 2017 - August 2018
  • Persons who did not undergo a Dilated Fundus Examination (DFE) in last 12 months
  • those who provide informed consent to be included in this study

You may not qualify if:

  • Below 18 years of age
  • Persons with diabetes who are registered with Barishal Diabetes Hospital but not referred to SBMC\&H (tertiary hospital) for DR management
  • Persons with diabetes referred to SBMC\&H before September 2017 or after August 2018
  • Persons who have undergone a Dilated Fundus Examination (DFE) in last 12 months
  • those who do not provide informed consent to be included in this study

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Sher-e-Bangla Medical College & Hospital

Barishal, 8200, Bangladesh

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Khair Z, Rahman MM, Kazawa K, Jahan Y, Faruque ASG, Chisti MJ, Moriyama M. Health education improves referral compliance of persons with probable Diabetic Retinopathy: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 12;15(11):e0242047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242047. eCollection 2020.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetic RetinopathyDiabetes Mellitus

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Retinal DiseasesEye DiseasesDiabetic AngiopathiesVascular DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes ComplicationsEndocrine System DiseasesGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Zara Khair
Organization
Hiroshima University

Study Officials

  • Michiko Moriyama, RN, MSN, PhD

    Hiroshima University

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 25, 2018

First Posted

September 6, 2018

Study Start

December 15, 2018

Primary Completion

March 31, 2019

Study Completion

August 31, 2019

Last Updated

February 16, 2024

Results First Posted

February 16, 2024

Record last verified: 2023-07

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations