Group-based Intervention for Club Patrons

NCT03652688 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: AA022331
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 959
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to develop and test a group-based strategy for encouraging groups of young adults who are engaged in party behaviors at nightclubs to intervene with each other to reduce harms associated with overuse of alcohol and recreational drugs and to reduce harms associated with aggression (physical and sexual).

Conditions

Drink Too Much; Drinking, Binge; Drunk; Drug Use; Aggression; Aggression Sexual; Peer Group; Safety Issues; Harm Reduction

Keywords

nightclubs; bars; alcohol; drugs; aggression; harm reduction

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Number of Safety Actions Taken to Intervene Within Group

  Five types of safety actions were assessed for individuals (as they exited the club) that could have occurred in response to peer's use of alcohol or drugs, experiencing physical aggression and/or sexual aggression. These safety actions were: (1) checked in with friends to assess their safety, (2) monitored alcohol consumption of peers, (3) encouraged peer to pace their drinking, (4) discouraged drug use, and (5) encouraged steps to sober up. An individual could report 0-5 safety actions. Because this was a peer group intervention, a mean score was created for each group by adding the total individual scores within each group, (groups ranged in size from 2-9, making this total possible range 0-45) and dividing these total within group scores by the number in the group. Thus, each peer group had a score ranging from 0-5, with the higher the score, the more protective the group was.

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Protective Action Reported for Physical Aggression Incident

  Among those who experienced physical aggression, the prevalence of a group member taking action(s) to intervene was reported.

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Protective Action Reported for Sexual Aggression Incident

  Among those who experienced sexual aggression, the prevalence of a group member taking action(s) to intervene was reported.

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Legally Intoxicated

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Prevalence of Recreational Drug Use

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Leaving Club With Friend(s) Arrived With

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

Other Outcomes (3)

• Experienced Physical Aggression

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Experienced Sexual Aggression

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

• Sexual Harassment

  On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.

Study Arms (2)

Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP)

EXPERIMENTAL

Observed indicators that a group member may be in trouble due identified risks were provided and if detected, they were given practical skills on implementing the 3 0's: Outreach, Options, and Out. Outreach consisted of techniques for approaching your friend and acquiring more information whether there was a problem. Options were to be employed if problems were confirmed and were designed to provide easy, simple steps to reduce risks and decrease probability of escalation of problems. Out refers to the plans the group made before entering the club that they would leave as a group to keep the group members safe. Group commitment to implement these safety steps was emphasized. Interactive and visually attractive scenes were drawn as graphic images to avoid didactic delivery.

Behavioral: Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP)

Fire Safety

SHAM COMPARATOR

Groups in the control condition were also given information on safety and the focus of this safety message was regarding fires in nightclubs. Groups were given didactic materials to read with some still images. There were a few questions for the group to address.

Behavioral: Fire Safety

Interventions

Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP) BEHAVIORAL

A group approach to reducing unwanted outcomes was implemented prior to entering the nightclub. The focus was on peer-to-peer intervention.

Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP)

Fire Safety BEHAVIORAL

Groups were asked to read information about fire safety prior to entering the club and to answer some questions about fire safety

Fire Safety

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Must be within age range, entering the club that night, group size must be 2 or more

You may not qualify if:

• working or performing at the club that night

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation: lead
• Klein Buendel, Inc.: collaborator

Study Sites (2)

Brenda Miller

Berkeley, California, 94704-1365, United States

Location

Prevention Research Center

Berkeley, California, 94704, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Byrnes HF, Miller BA, Bourdeau B, Johnson MB. Impact of Group Cohesion Among Drinking Groups at Nightclubs on Risk From Alcohol and Other Drug Use. J Drug Issues. 2019 Oct;49(4):668-679. doi: 10.1177/0022042619859257. Epub 2019 Sep 8.

  PMID: 34658404 BACKGROUND

• Byrnes HF, Miller BA, Bourdeau B, Johnson MB, Buller DB, Berteletti J, Rogers VA. Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Overuse Among Nightclub Patrons: A Randomized Trial of a Group-Based Mobile Intervention at Nightclubs. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2019 Jul;80(4):423-430. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.423.

  PMID: 31495379 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Binge Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Aggression; Harm Reduction

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Alcohol-Related Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Chemically-Induced Disorders; Alcohol Drinking; Drinking Behavior; Behavior; Mental Disorders; Aberrant Motor Behavior in Dementia; Behavioral Symptoms; Social Behavior

Limitations and Caveats

Trials were conducted in San Francisco Bay Area thus represent one geographical location

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr. Brenda A. Miller
• Organization: PIRE

BMiller@prev.org

5105205889

Study Officials

• Brenda A Miller, Ph.D.

  Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: Yes
• Restrictive Agreement: No

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Masking Details: Groups assigned to experimental and control conditions were given a tablet on which either the experimental or control program was provided. Both groups were told that they would be viewing a program on safety while at the club. Both groups had to respond to some questions on the tablet about the program. Both groups were asked to interact as a group to answer these questions. Without a view of the tablet, it appeared as if both experimental and controls had the same condition.
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Senior Scientist

Model Details: Randomized Controlled Trial

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 16, 2018
• First Posted: August 29, 2018
• Study Start: June 15, 2016
• Primary Completion: October 1, 2017
• Study Completion: October 1, 2017
• Last Updated: January 14, 2025
• Results First Posted: January 14, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (2)