A Study of Parent and Child Emotions in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)

NCT03524664 | Completed Results

• 2 other identifiers: RSRB69545R34AA025717
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 118
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to learn about the emotion regulation skills of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and different strategies that may improve these skills. This study is also testing whether a training program taught to caregivers is helpful. Children will be asked to:

• Complete a brief measure of verbal and nonverbal problem-solving skills.
• Play two computer games.
• Have their heart rate measured while completing a task that is designed to be mildly disappointing. Two ECG pads are placed on the chest with a small recorder.
• Play or relax with study staff while you are finishing caregiver activities. Caregivers will be asked to complete interviews and questionnaires about:
• the child's background, including any past stressful experiences
• the child's behavior and how s/he handles emotions
• caregiver views on the child's emotions and their own
• caregiver relationship with the child
• Stress caregivers experience as a parent

Conditions

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (19)

• Parent Awareness of Own Emotion Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent awareness sub-scale for sadness includes 9 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 9 to 45. A higher score reflects greater parental awareness of their sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Acceptance of Own Expression Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent acceptance of expressivity sub-scale for sadness includes 8 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 8 to 40. A higher score reflects greater acceptance of emotion expression for sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Regulation of Own Emotions Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent sub-scale for regulation of their own sadness includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects better parent regulation of their sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Awareness of Child Emotion Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent awareness of child's sadness sub-scale includes 8 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 8 to 40. A higher score reflects greater parental awareness of their child's sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Acceptance of Child's Emotion Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent acceptance of their child's sadness sub-scale includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects greater acceptance of their child's sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Emotion Coaching Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent emotion coaching sub-scale for sadness includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects greater use of emotion coaching when their child is sad.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Child Regulation Score for Sadness at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The child regulation sub-scale for sadness includes 7 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 7 to 35. A higher score reflects better child regulation of sadness.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Awareness of Own Emotion Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent awareness sub-scale for anger includes 9 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 9 to 45. A higher score reflects greater parental awareness of their own anger.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Acceptance of Own Expression Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent acceptance of their anger expression sub-scale includes 8 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 8 to 40. A higher score reflects greater parental acceptance of their own anger expression.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Regulation of Own Emotions Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent regulation sub-scale for anger includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects better parental regulation of their own anger.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Awareness of Child Emotion Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent awareness of their child's anger sub-scale includes 8 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 8 to 40. A higher score reflects greater awareness of their child's anger.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Acceptance of Child's Emotion Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent acceptance of their child's anger sub-scale includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects greater parental acceptance of their child's anger.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Parent Emotion Coaching Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The parent emotion coaching sub-scale for anger includes 6 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 6 to 30. A higher score reflects greater use of emotion coaching of the child's anger.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Child Regulation Score for Anger at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The meta emotion interview is a semi-structured interview administered to parents about their own experience of anger and sadness and their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their children's anger and sadness. Interviews can be analyzed quantitatively using a checklist rating system. The Revised Meta-Emotion coding system uses a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) with which coders rate each item based on both the content and the way parents talk about emotions. The child regulation sub-scale for anger includes 7 items; sub-scale score is a sum of items with a total range of 7 to 35. A higher score reflects better child emotion regulation.

  baseline to post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Proportion of Observed Emotion Coaching Statements Using the Family Narrative Task at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The Family Narrative Task is a parent-child interaction task assessing how parents communicate about emotions with their children. Parents are instructed to engage the child in a conversation about three emotional events in turn: a positive family experience, a difficult family experience, and a time when the child misbehaved. Interactions are videotaped and coded for content and function using the Family Emotion Communication Scoring System, Revised. Emotion coaching (e.g., "I could tell you were mad because you walked away," "How did you feel when that happened?") and dismissing (e.g., "It wasn't anything to get upset over," abrupt change in topic) is coded. The proportion of emotion coaching statements across all three scenarios made versus total statements is calculated. Higher scores reflect greater proportion of emotion coaching statements made.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Proportion of Observed Emotion Dismissing Statements Using the Family Narrative Task at Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention (8 Weeks)

  The Family Narrative Task is a parent-child interaction task assessing how parents communicate about emotions with their children. Parents are instructed to engage the child in a conversation about three emotional events in turn: a positive family experience, a difficult family experience, and a time when the child misbehaved. Interactions are videotaped and coded for content and function using the Family Emotion Communication Scoring System, Revised. Emotion coaching (e.g., "I could tell you were mad because you walked away," "How did you feel when that happened?") and dismissing (e.g., "It wasn't anything to get upset over," abrupt change in topic) is coded. The proportion of emotion dismissing statements across all three scenarios versus total statements is calculated, with higher proportions reflecting more use of emotion dismissing statements.

  baseline to immediate post-intervention (8 weeks)

• Child Emotion Regulation Using the Emotion Regulation Checklist at Baseline, Immediate Post-intervention, and 3-month Post-intervention Follow-up

  The Emotion Regulation Checklist is a 24-item parent report questionnaire assessing children's affect lability (e.g., "exhibits wide mood swings," "is easily frustrated") and emotion regulation (e.g., "is empathetic towards others," "can say when s/he is feeling sad, angry, fearful, or afraid"). This assessment is 24 items rated by the parent on a 4 point scale of never to always given at baseline, 8 and 20 weeks. There are 12 items of lability and 12 items of emotion regulation. Items are summed for each sub-scale. For the emotion regulation sub-scale the score ranges from 12-48 with higher scores reflecting better emotion regulation.

  baseline, immediate post-intervention (8 weeks), 3-month post-intervention follow-up

• Child Lability/Negativity Using the Emotion Regulation Checklist at Baseline, Immediate Post-intervention, and 3-month Post-intervention Follow-up

  The Emotion Regulation Checklist is a 24-item parent report questionnaire assessing children's affect lability (e.g., "exhibits wide mood swings," "is easily frustrated") and emotion regulation (e.g., "is empathetic towards others," "can say when s/he is feeling sad, angry, fearful, or afraid"). This assessment is 24 items rated by the parent on a 4 point scale of never to always given at baseline, 8 and 20 weeks. There are 12 items of lability and 12 items of emotion regulation. Item scores are summed for each sub-scale. For the lability/negativity sub-scale, the score ranges from 12-48 with higher scores reflecting worse lability/negativity.

  baseline, immediate post-intervention (8 weeks), 3-month post-intervention follow-up

• Intensity of Disruptive Behaviors Using the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory at Baseline, Immediate Post-intervention, and 3-month Post-intervention Follow-up

  The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory is a 36-item scale assessing the intensity of disruptive behaviors in children. Parents rate each item on a 7 point scale. This is then converted into a standardized score with a "T-score" with mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores reflecting more problems. This is given at baseline, immediate post-intervention (8 weeks) and 3-month post-intervention follow-up. Scores are considered clinically elevated when T\>60.

  baseline, immediate post-intervention (8 weeks), 3-month post-intervention follow-up

Study Arms (2)

Delayed "tuning in to kids" intervention

NO INTERVENTION

Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and their parents

"Tuning in to kids" intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and their parents

Behavioral: Tuning In to kids intervention

Interventions

Tuning In to kids intervention BEHAVIORAL

The Tuning Into Kids Program involves: * Meeting in a small group with other caregivers raising children with FASD. * 8-week program that meets weekly for 2 hours at Mt. Hope Family Center or other community location. * Learn and practice an approach of responding to children's emotions and behavior.

"Tuning in to kids" intervention

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 4 Years - 12 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Families will be eligible for the study if they:
• Have a child between the age of 4 and 12 with a formal diagnosis of an FASD based on the Revised 2016 Hoyme criteria (Hoyme et al., 2016)
• The child is in some form of out of home care (e.g., adoptive, foster, relative, or other legal guardian)
• The child has resided with the primary caregiver for at least a year and be expected to remain in that placement for at least 6 months (study duration).

You may not qualify if:

• A history of other genetic, neurological, or significant medical conditions, traumatic brain injury, serious psychiatric illness or disability that would preclude data collection
• Child has a moderate to severe intellectual disability (IQ \< 55)
• Child or caregiver has insufficient proficiency in English
• Caregiver is a biological parent of the child with FASD

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Rochester: lead
• National Institutes of Health (NIH): collaborator
• National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA): collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Mt. Hope Family Center

Rochester, New York, 14608, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Petrenko CLM, Kautz-Turnbull C, Rockhold MN, Handley ED, Havighurst SS, Toth SL. Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial of Tuning in to Kids for children with FASD in nonbiological parent care. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Oct;49(10):2349-2364. doi: 10.1111/acer.70153. Epub 2025 Aug 29.

  PMID: 40884006 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Fetal Diseases; Pregnancy Complications; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Chemically-Induced Disorders

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr. Christie Petrenko
• Organization: Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester

christie_petrenko@urmc.rochester.edu

(585) 275-2991

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: No
• Restrictive Agreement: No

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Research Associate

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 2, 2018
• First Posted: May 15, 2018
• Study Start: August 13, 2018
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2021
• Study Completion: September 30, 2021
• Last Updated: November 4, 2022
• Results First Posted: November 4, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)