Impaired HDL and Coronary Artery Disease in Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users

NCT03450837 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: CAD-AnabolicAndrogenicSteroids
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 51
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) have been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The illicit use of these substances also leads to a remarkable decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) plasma concentration, which could be a key factor in the atherosclerotic process. The investigators tested the functionality of HDL by cholesterol efflux and antioxidant capacity and its association with CAD in young men.

Conditions

Coronary Artery Disease

Keywords

Coronary artery disease; HDL; anabolic steroids

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Concentration and the functionality of HDL

  Blood sample was collected in the morning (between 8:00-10:00 a.m.) after 12 hours fasting and after 30 minutes of resting for HDL concentration assessment. Determination of 14C-cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL utilized macrophages cultured cells from mice was used to test the functionality of HDL.

  1 day

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Prevalence of CAD in young men anabolic steroids users

  1 day

Study Arms (3)

Anabolic androgenic steroids users

This group had been involved in strength training for at least 2 years, self-administering anabolic androgenic steroids in periodic cycles lasting from 8 to 12 weeks for at least 2 years with 2-4 cycles per year. All participants were on a cycle over the course of the study. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Diagnostic Test: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography; Diagnostic Test: Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Anabolic androgenic steroids nonusers

This group had been involved in strength training for at least 2 years and they have never took anabolic androgenic steroids. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Diagnostic Test: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography; Diagnostic Test: Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Sedentary control

This group were sedentary men without cardiovascular disease. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Diagnostic Test: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography; Diagnostic Test: Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL

Interventions

Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

To assess coronary artery plaque and calcification, all participants underwent coronary computed tomography angiography according to the guidelines of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT). All CT scans were acquired in a 320-row detector scanner (AquillionOneTM - Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan) with 0.5-mm thick slices. Acquisition protocol included coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) and coronary CTA. CACS protocol utilized a 370-ms tube rotation, 120-kV tube voltage, 300-mA tube current, and 320x0.5-mm collimation with 3-mm slice thickness reconstructed images, one heart beat acquisition during diastole.

Anabolic androgenic steroids nonusers; Anabolic androgenic steroids users; Sedentary control

Macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Macrophages were incubated with DMEM (Low Glucose, Gibco, Grand Island, New York, USA) containing 1 mg fatty acid free albumin (FAFA) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) plus 50 μg acetylated LDL/mL and 0.3 μCi 14C-cholesterol/mL (Amersham Biosciences, UK) for 48h. After washing with PBS/FAFA, cells were incubated in the presence or absence of HDL (50 µg/mL) for 8h. The amount of radioactivity present in the medium at the end of the HDL incubation period will indicate albumin-mediated cholesterol efflux with albumin alone and total efflux with albumin + HDL. Thus, specific HDL-mediated efflux will be calculated, subtracting the albumin-mediated efflux from total efflux

Anabolic androgenic steroids nonusers; Anabolic androgenic steroids users; Sedentary control

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 45 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Anabolic androgenic steroids users and nonusers were recreational weightlifters or amateur bodybuilding athletes who were recruited from gymnasiums. Sedentary control group was recruited from community sample.

You may qualify if:

• Anabolic androgenic steroids users and Anabolic androgenic steroids nonusers groups had been involved in strength training for at least 2 years;
• Anabolic androgenic steroids users should be self-administering anabolic androgenic steroids in periodic cycles lasting from 8 to 12 weeks for at least 2 years with 2-4 cycles per year;
• All anabolic androgenic steroids users were on a cycle over the course of the study;
• Sedentary control group: sedentary men without cardiovascular disease.

You may not qualify if:

• Smoking;
• Alcohol consumption;
• Use of diuretics and/or antihypertensive medications;
• Liver and kidney disease

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Sao Paulo General Hospital: lead
• Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo: collaborator

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Coronary Artery Disease

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Coronary Disease; Myocardial Ischemia; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Vascular Diseases

Study Officials

• Maria Janieire NN Alves, MD

  Heart Institute

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: PhD

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 15, 2018
• First Posted: March 1, 2018
• Study Start: April 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: April 1, 2016
• Study Completion: April 1, 2017
• Last Updated: March 1, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share