Testing a Self-affirmation Intervention for Use in a Mobile Application

NCT03405220 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: 17-544
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 900
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The aim of these studies is to adapt the self-affirmation kindness questionnaire for use in a mobile application. Two studies will be conducted to test hypotheses that simplifying and shortening the original questionnaire in systematic ways will result in comparable effectiveness (compared to the original version) in promoting reduced defensive avoidance, less reactance, greater yielding, and higher intentions to quit smoking among a sample of smokers.

Conditions

Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Smoking, Tobacco

Keywords

smoking; self-affirmation; mobile application; cessation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Defensive Avoidance

  Indicator of defensive information processing, 3 items (Witte)

  immediately post-intervention

• Reactance

  Indicator of defensive information processing, 27 items (Hall et al., 2016)

  immediately post-intervention

• Yielding

  Indicator of defensive information processing, 7 items (Brennan et al., 2011, 2014)

  immediately post-intervention

• Intentions to quit smoking in the next 3 months

  Intentions to quit smoking, 3 items

  immediately post-intervention

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Cognitive perceived likelihood of developing smoking related disease

  immediately post-intervention

• Perceived severity

  immediately post-intervention

• Response efficacy of quitting smoking

  immediately post-intervention

• Self-efficacy to quit smoking

  immediately post-intervention

• Affective perceived likelihood

  immediately post-intervention

Study Arms (15)

Self-affirm, No examples, Study 1

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, no examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, no examples

Self-affirm, Write examples, Study 1

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, written examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, written examples

Self-affirm, Imagine examples, Study 1

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, imagined examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, imagined examples

Opinion survey, No examples, Study 1

NO INTERVENTION

No intervention: control. Participants will complete the 10 item personal opinion survey and will not be asked to provide examples for any items they respond "yes" to.

Opinion survey, Write examples, Study 1

NO INTERVENTION

No intervention: control. Participants will complete the 10 item personal opinion survey and will be asked to provide written examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Opinion survey, Imagine examples, Study1

NO INTERVENTION

No intervention: control. Participants will complete the 10 item personal opinion survey and will be asked to imagine examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 10-item, No ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, no examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, no examples

Self-affirm, 5-item, No ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, no examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, no examples

Self-affirm, 3-item, No ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, no examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, no examples

Self-affirm, 10-item, Write ex, Study 2

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, written examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, written examples

Self-affirm, 5-item, Write ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, written examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, written examples

Self-affirm, 3-item, Write ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, written examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, written examples

Self-affirm, 10-item, Imagine ex, Study2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, imagined examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 10 items, imagined examples

Self-affirm, 5-item, Imagine ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, imagined examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 5 items, imagined examples

Self-affirm, 3-item, Imagine ex, Study 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, imagined examples

Behavioral: Self affirmation, 3 items, imagined examples

Interventions

Self affirmation, 10 items, written examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete the 10 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to provide written examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 10-item, Write ex, Study 2; Self-affirm, Write examples, Study 1

Self affirmation, 10 items, no examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete the 10 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will not be asked to provide examples for any items they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 10-item, No ex, Study 2; Self-affirm, No examples, Study 1

Self affirmation, 10 items, imagined examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete the 10 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to imagine examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 10-item, Imagine ex, Study2; Self-affirm, Imagine examples, Study 1

Self affirmation, 5 items, written examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 5 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to provide written examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 5-item, Write ex, Study 2

Self affirmation, 5 items, no examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 5 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will not be asked to provide examples for any items they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 5-item, No ex, Study 2

Self affirmation, 5 items, imagined examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 5 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to imagine examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 5-item, Imagine ex, Study 2

Self affirmation, 3 items, written examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 3 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to provide written examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 3-item, Write ex, Study 2

Self affirmation, 3 items, no examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 3 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will not be asked to provide examples for any items they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 3-item, No ex, Study 2

Self affirmation, 3 items, imagined examples BEHAVIORAL

Participants will complete a 3 item self-affirmation kindness quiz and will be asked to imagine examples for each item they respond "yes" to.

Self-affirm, 3-item, Imagine ex, Study 2

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Currently live in the US
• years (several states have 21 as minimum legal age to smoke)
• self-identified every day or some day smoker
• no prior diagnosis of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or emphysema (the most common and well-known smoking-related diseases

You may not qualify if:

• Not currently living in the US
• Less than 21 years of age or older than 65
• Nonsmoker
• Prior diagnosis of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or emphysema (the most common and well-known smoking-related diseases

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kent State University: lead
• Washington University School of Medicine: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Kent State University

Kent, Ohio, 44242, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Reed, M. B., & Aspinwall, L. G. (1998). Self-affirmation reduces biased processing of health-risk information. Motivation and Emotion, 22(2), 99-132.

  BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Tobacco Smoking

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior; Health Behavior; Tobacco Use

Study Officials

• Jennifer M Taber, PhD

  Kent State University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: Study 1 will use a 2 (self-affirmation: self-affirmation, control) X 3 (Mode of example: none, write, imagine) experimental design. In the self-affirmation condition, participants will complete the self-affirmation kindness quiz (10 questions) and in the control condition they will complete a personal opinion survey (10 questions). Depending on the mode of example condition, participants will not be asked to provide examples, asked to write examples for each of the 10 questions, or asked to imagine examples for each of the 10 questions. Based on examination of data from Study 1 (i.e., which items receive more "yes" responses and for which items examples are provided), in Study 2 we will test whether using fewer self-affirmation items influences dependent variables. Study 2 will use a 3 (Number of questions: 10, 5, 3) X 3 (Mode of example: none, write, imagine) experimental design.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 5, 2018
• First Posted: January 23, 2018
• Study Start: January 16, 2018
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2018
• Study Completion: September 1, 2018
• Last Updated: May 21, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-05

Locations

US (1)