NCT03354377

Brief Summary

This study addresses two challenges seen among African American (AA) participants during previous weight loss and dietary interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk: poor weight loss results and high attrition rates. Investigators will target both of these challenges by using a randomized design to compare a plant-based dietary intervention (vegan diet) vs. an omnivorous (omni) diet and by focusing on culturally-tailored food choices for AA adults living in the South. Therefore, the objective of the study is to conduct a culturally-tailored, randomized trial examining how a vegan diet affects CVD risk factors and weight as compared with an omni diet. The study will randomize overweight AA adults (n=130) to follow one of two different diets (vegan or omni) for 24 months. Investigators will accomplish objectives and test hypotheses by following two specific primary aims: Primary Aims: Using a randomized design, determine the impact at 12 months of two different, culturally tailored diets (n=65 omni and n=65 vegan) on changes in:

  1. 1.Risk factors for CVD, including LDL cholesterol and blood pressure; and
  2. 2.Body weight.
  3. 3.Examine long-term changes in CVD risk factors and body weight at 24 months.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
159

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2018

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 21, 2017

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 27, 2017

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 7, 2018

Completed
3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 21, 2021

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 21, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

June 2, 2023

Status Verified

June 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

3 years

First QC Date

November 21, 2017

Last Update Submit

June 1, 2023

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Cardiovascular Disease Prevention based on dietary approach.

    Which dietary approach (vegan or omni) best targets both cardiovascular disease prevention and weight loss among overweight African Americans.

    Two years

Study Arms (2)

Vegan Diet

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group will follow a plant-based vegan diet. The vegan group diet will be based on investigators' pilot work, which instructs participants to favor a diet built around whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. This group will be supplemented by the Oldways African Heritage and Health program, which includes a food pyramid guide. A Taste of African Heritage (ATAH) six-lesson nutrition and cooking program and an online course for health professionals and cooking instructors (all research and restaurant team members will complete this course. Interventions include intervention meetings, physical activity, and podcasts/mailings.

Behavioral: Dietary Intervention MeetingsBehavioral: Physical ActivityBehavioral: Podcasts/Mailings

Omnivorous (Omni) Diet

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group will follow a low-fat omni diet. The diet intervention for the omni group will be supplemented by the Oldways African Heritage and Health program, which includes a food pyramid guide, A Taste of African Heritage (ATAH) six-lesson nutrition and cooking program and an online course for health professionals and cooking instructors (all research and restaurant team members will complete this course). Interventions include intervention meetings, physical activity, and podcasts/mailings.

Behavioral: Dietary Intervention MeetingsBehavioral: Physical ActivityBehavioral: Podcasts/Mailings

Interventions

Participants will attend classes once per week for the first 6 months, bi-weekly for the next 6 months; then once a month for the last 12 months.

Omnivorous (Omni) DietVegan Diet

Participants will be given the following exercise recommendations: strength training twice per week and ≥75 min of vigorous or ≥150 min of moderate PA per week and will be provided with accelerometers.

Omnivorous (Omni) DietVegan Diet

Participants with receive additional support delivered remotely months 13-24 in the form of audio podcasts and email newsletters.

Omnivorous (Omni) DietVegan Diet

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 65 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Self-identify as African American
  • Be between the ages of 18-65 years
  • Body Mass Index between 25- 49.9 kg/m2
  • Live in the Columbia, SC/Midlands area
  • Be able to attend all monitoring and weekly class visits
  • Be willing to be randomized to either diet

You may not qualify if:

  • Currently following a vegan diet
  • Diagnosed with diabetes that is controlled by medication
  • Currently pregnant or breastfeeding (or plan to become pregnant in the next 24 months)
  • Under the age of 18 years old
  • Over the age of 65 years old
  • Currently participating in a weight loss program
  • Has lost more than 10 pounds in the past 6 months
  • Diagnosed with stroke or heart attack

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Discovery

Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, United States

Location

Related Publications (7)

  • Turner-McGrievy GM, Wilcox S, Frongillo EA, Murphy EA, Kim Y, Hu EA, Okpara N, Bailey S. Impact of diet adherence on weight and lipids among African American participants randomized to vegan or omnivorous diets. Obes Sci Pract. 2024 Sep 27;10(5):e70009. doi: 10.1002/osp4.70009. eCollection 2024 Oct.

  • Turner-McGrievy GM, Wilcox S, Frongillo EA, Kim Y, Okpara N, Wilson M. Differences in dietary acceptability, restraint, disinhibition, and hunger among African American participants randomized to either a vegan or omnivorous soul food diet. Appetite. 2024 May 1;196:107280. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107280. Epub 2024 Feb 17.

  • Bernhart JA, Quattlebaum M, Eustis S, Okpara N, Wilson MJ, Sentman C, Turner-McGrievy GM. "It's Gonna Be Okay"-A Qualitative Exploration of the COVID-19 Pandemic's Effects on African American Participants During a Dietary Intervention Study. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2023 Dec;123(12):1763-1771. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.003. Epub 2023 Jul 16.

  • Turner-McGrievy GM, Wilcox S, Frongillo EA, Murphy EA, Hutto B, Wilson M, Davey M, Bernhart JA, Okpara N, Bailey S, Hu E. Effect of a Plant-Based vs Omnivorous Soul Food Diet on Weight and Lipid Levels Among African American Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jan 3;6(1):e2250626. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50626.

  • Bernhart JA, Fellers AW, Wilson MJ, Hutto B, Bailey S, Turner-McGrievy GM. COVID-19 Pandemic Associations on Mental and Physical Health in African Americans Participating in a Behavioral Intervention. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Dec;10(6):3070-3076. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01481-6. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

  • Hooper L, Martin N, Jimoh OF, Kirk C, Foster E, Abdelhamid AS. Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Aug 21;8(8):CD011737. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3.

  • Hooper L, Martin N, Jimoh OF, Kirk C, Foster E, Abdelhamid AS. Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 May 19;5(5):CD011737. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub2.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

OverweightObesity

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

OvernutritionNutrition DisordersNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesBody WeightSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor ActivityMovementMusculoskeletal Physiological PhenomenaMusculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

  • Brie Turner-McGrievy, PhD, MS, RD

    University of South Carolina

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 21, 2017

First Posted

November 27, 2017

Study Start

May 7, 2018

Primary Completion

May 21, 2021

Study Completion

May 21, 2021

Last Updated

June 2, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-06

Locations