HERrespect Evaluation
HERrespect
Measuring the Effect of HERrespect: An Intervention Addressing Violence Against Female Garment Workers in Four Factories of Bangladesh
1 other identifier
interventional
1,195
0 countries
N/A
Brief Summary
This study evaluates whether a factory wide intervention, HERrespect, can reduce female garment workers' experiences of intimate partner violence, and experience and/or witnessing of violence in the workplace. This is a quasi-experimental study involving four intervention and four control factories.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable
Started Aug 2016
Typical duration for not_applicable
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
Study Start
First participant enrolled
August 3, 2016
CompletedFirst Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
August 22, 2017
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
October 6, 2017
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
October 31, 2019
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
October 31, 2019
CompletedDecember 20, 2019
December 1, 2018
3.2 years
August 22, 2017
December 18, 2019
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (4)
Physical IPV experience
Physical intimate partner violence is assessed using five items based on the WHO VAW scale. A positive response to any item leads to a person being classified as experiencing in the past year.
24 months post baseline
Sexual IPV experience
Sexual intimate partner violence is assessed using five items based on the WHO violence against women (VAW) scale. A positive response to any item leads to a person being classified as experiencing in the past year
24 months post-baseline
Physical and/or sexual IPV experience
Physical and/or sexual IPV is assessed using 10 items (5 physical and 5 sexual) based on the WHO VAW scale. A positive response to any item leads to a person being classified as experiencing in the past year
24 months post-baseline
Witnessing and/or experiencing workplace violence
Eight items adapted from the peer victimization scale assess whether a participant had witnessed or experienced workplace violence in the past four weeks. A mean score is derived.
24 months post-baseline
Secondary Outcomes (10)
Acceptance of VAWG
24 months post-baseline
Gender equitable attitudes
24 months post-baseline
Response to IPV
24 months post-baseline
Knowledge of services in response to IPV
24 months post-baseline
Self-esteem
24 months post-baseline
- +5 more secondary outcomes
Study Arms (2)
Intervention: Behavioral Change Communications
EXPERIMENTALControl: No intervention
NO INTERVENTIONInterventions
HERrespect is developed by Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) and Change Associates. HERproject is one of BSR's numerous initiatives for improving women's lives through enhancement of access and knowledge (BSR, 2015). The factory-based component of HERrespect will be implemented by Change Associates. The intervention group will receive training (group session), research and consultancy services to the corporate and development sectors. HERrespect proposes to use the workplace as an incubator of dialogue among men and women to tackle underlying issues which allow violence against women and girls. Workplace offers a unique platform and environment to engage women who are gaining financial independence to reduce intimate partner violence and workplace violence.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Currently married woman
- Working in the factory for at least one year
You may not qualify if:
- Not currently married woman
- Working in the factory for less than one year
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladeshlead
- Medical Research Council, South Africacollaborator
- BSRcollaborator
- Change Associates Limitedcollaborator
Related Publications (49)
Garcia-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Ellsberg M, Heise L, Watts CH; WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women Study Team. Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence. Lancet. 2006 Oct 7;368(9543):1260-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69523-8.
PMID: 17027732BACKGROUNDDevries KM, Mak JY, Garcia-Moreno C, Petzold M, Child JC, Falder G, Lim S, Bacchus LJ, Engell RE, Rosenfeld L, Pallitto C, Vos T, Abrahams N, Watts CH. Global health. The global prevalence of intimate partner violence against women. Science. 2013 Jun 28;340(6140):1527-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1240937. Epub 2013 Jun 20. No abstract available.
PMID: 23788730BACKGROUNDDevries KM, Mak JY, Bacchus LJ, Child JC, Falder G, Petzold M, Astbury J, Watts CH. Intimate partner violence and incident depressive symptoms and suicide attempts: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. PLoS Med. 2013;10(5):e1001439. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001439. Epub 2013 May 7.
PMID: 23671407BACKGROUNDDillon G, Hussain R, Loxton D, Rahman S. Mental and Physical Health and Intimate Partner Violence against Women: A Review of the Literature. Int J Family Med. 2013;2013:313909. doi: 10.1155/2013/313909. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
PMID: 23431441BACKGROUNDNaved RT, Akhtar N. Spousal violence against women and suicidal ideation in Bangladesh. Womens Health Issues. 2008 Nov-Dec;18(6):442-52. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2008.07.003.
PMID: 19041596BACKGROUNDEllsberg M, Jansen HA, Heise L, Watts CH, Garcia-Moreno C; WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women Study Team. Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence: an observational study. Lancet. 2008 Apr 5;371(9619):1165-72. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60522-X.
PMID: 18395577BACKGROUNDCampbell JC. Health consequences of intimate partner violence. Lancet. 2002 Apr 13;359(9314):1331-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08336-8.
PMID: 11965295BACKGROUNDDuvvury, N., Callan, A., Carney, P., Raghavendra, S. (2013). Intimate Partner Violence: Economic Costs and Implications for Growth and Development. The World bank.
BACKGROUNDCrowne SS, Juon HS, Ensminger M, Burrell L, McFarlane E, Duggan A. Concurrent and long-term impact of intimate partner violence on employment stability. J Interpers Violence. 2011 Apr;26(6):1282-304. doi: 10.1177/0886260510368160. Epub 2010 Jun 28.
PMID: 20587457BACKGROUNDArias I, Corso P. Average cost per person victimized by an intimate partner of the opposite gender: a comparison of men and women. Violence Vict. 2005 Aug;20(4):379-91.
PMID: 16250406BACKGROUNDRidley, E., Rioux, J., Lim, K. C., Mason, D., Houghton, K. F., Luppi, F., Melody, T. (2005). Domestic Violence Survivors at Work: How Perpetrators Impact Employment. Maine Department of Labor and Family Crisis Services.
BACKGROUNDAsling-Monemi K, Tabassum Naved R, Persson LA. Violence against women and the risk of under-five mortality: analysis of community-based data from rural Bangladesh. Acta Paediatr. 2008 Feb;97(2):226-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00597.x.
PMID: 18254912BACKGROUNDSilverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Kapur N, Raj A, Naved RT. Maternal experiences of intimate partner violence and child morbidity in Bangladesh: evidence from a national Bangladeshi sample. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Aug;163(8):700-5. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.115.
PMID: 19652100BACKGROUNDWaters HR, Hyder AA, Rajkotia Y, Basu S, Butchart A. The costs of interpersonal violence--an international review. Health Policy. 2005 Sep 8;73(3):303-15. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.11.022. Epub 2005 Jan 6.
PMID: 16039349BACKGROUNDZiaei S, Naved RT, Ekstrom EC. Women's exposure to intimate partner violence and child malnutrition: findings from demographic and health surveys in Bangladesh. Matern Child Nutr. 2014 Jul;10(3):347-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2012.00432.x. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
PMID: 22906219BACKGROUNDNational Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, & Macro International. (2009). Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: National Institute of Population Research and Training, Mitra and Associates, and Macro International.
BACKGROUNDBates LM, Schuler SR, Islam F, Islam K. Socioeconomic factors and processes associated with domestic violence in rural Bangladesh. Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2004 Dec;30(4):190-9. doi: 10.1363/3019004.
PMID: 15590385BACKGROUNDNaved RT, Persson LA. Factors associated with spousal physical violence against women in Bangladesh. Stud Fam Plann. 2005 Dec;36(4):289-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2005.00071.x.
PMID: 16395946BACKGROUNDSambisa W, Angeles G, Lance PM, Naved RT, Thornton J. Prevalence and correlates of physical spousal violence against women in slum and nonslum areas of urban Bangladesh. J Interpers Violence. 2011 Sep;26(13):2592-618. doi: 10.1177/0886260510388282.
PMID: 21831870BACKGROUNDAbramsky T, Watts CH, Garcia-Moreno C, Devries K, Kiss L, Ellsberg M, Jansen HA, Heise L. What factors are associated with recent intimate partner violence? findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence. BMC Public Health. 2011 Feb 16;11:109. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-109.
PMID: 21324186BACKGROUNDKibria, N. (1995). Culture, social class, and income control in the lives of women garment workers in Bangladesh. Gender and Society, 9(3), 289-309.
BACKGROUNDSalway, S., Jesmin, S., & Rahman, S. (2005). Women's employment in urban Bangladesh: A challenge to gender identity? Development and Change, 36(2), 317-349. DOI: 10.1111/j.0012-155X.2005.00413.x.
BACKGROUNDNaved, R. T. (2014). [Growing up safe and healthy (SAFE): Addressing sexual and reproductive health and rights and violence against women and girls in urban Bangladesh]. Unpublished raw data.
BACKGROUNDFair Wear Foundation (FWF). (2013). Standing Firm against Factory Floor Harassment. https://www.fairwear.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/StandingFirmReportFWF2013.pdf
BACKGROUNDNaved, R. T., & Rahman, T. (2015). A Formative Study Informing Intervention Design For Adressing Violence Against Female Garment Workers In Bangladesh. Dhaka: icddr,b. (Unpublished).
BACKGROUNDSiddiqi, D. M. (2003). The Sexual Harassment of Industrial Workers: Strategies for Intervention in the Workplace and Beyond. CPD-UNFPA Paper 26. Dhaka: Centre for Policy Dialogue. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwihseLoo8zVAhXBQ48KHZ3kBZIQFgglMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpd.org.bd%2Fpub_attach%2Funfpa26.pdf&usg=AFQjCNGVDBCUWzXIIJT5m8fW1goC3WGiWg
BACKGROUNDGupta J, Falb KL, Lehmann H, Kpebo D, Xuan Z, Hossain M, Zimmerman C, Watts C, Annan J. Gender norms and economic empowerment intervention to reduce intimate partner violence against women in rural Cote d'Ivoire: a randomized controlled pilot study. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2013 Nov 1;13:46. doi: 10.1186/1472-698X-13-46.
PMID: 24176132BACKGROUNDJewkes R, Gibbs A, Jama-Shai N, Willan S, Misselhorn A, Mushinga M, Washington L, Mbatha N, Skiweyiya Y. Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention: shortened interrupted time series evaluation of a behavioural and structural health promotion and violence prevention intervention for young people in informal settlements in Durban, South Africa. BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 29;14:1325. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1325.
PMID: 25544716BACKGROUNDPronyk PM, Hargreaves JR, Kim JC, Morison LA, Phetla G, Watts C, Busza J, Porter JD. Effect of a structural intervention for the prevention of intimate-partner violence and HIV in rural South Africa: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2006 Dec 2;368(9551):1973-83. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69744-4.
PMID: 17141704BACKGROUNDBSR (2015). http://www.bsr.org/.
BACKGROUNDChange (n.d). http://www.change-bd.org/
BACKGROUNDRashid SF. Human rights and reproductive health: political realities and pragmatic choices for married adolescent women living in urban slums, Bangladesh. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2011 Dec 16;11 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S3. doi: 10.1186/1472-698X-11-S3-S3. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
PMID: 22376023BACKGROUNDEllsberg, M., & Heise, L. (2005). Researching Violence Against Women: A Practical Guide for Researchers and Activists. Washington DC, United States: World Health Organization, PATH. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/42966/1/9241546476_eng.pdf
BACKGROUNDUnited Nations. (2014). Guidelines for Producing Statistics on Violence against Women-Statistical Surveys. United Nations. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/gender/docs/Guidelines_Statistics_VAW.pdf
BACKGROUNDMynard, H. & Joseph, S. (2000). Development of the multidimensional peer-victimization scale. Aggressive Behavior, 26, 169-178. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(2000)26:2%3C169::AID-AB3%3E3.0.CO;2-A/epdf
BACKGROUNDPulerwitz, J., & Barker. G. (2008). Measuring Attitudes toward Gender Norms among Young Men in Brazil. Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the GEM Scale. Men and Masculinities, 10( 3),322-338. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1097184X06298778
BACKGROUNDGarcía-Moreno, C., Jansen, H. A. F. M., Ellsberg, M., Heise, L., & Watts, C. (2005). WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women - Initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women's response. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/violence/24159358X/en/
BACKGROUNDJewkes, R., Dunkle, K., Nduna, M., & Jama-Shai, N. (2012). Transactional sex and HIV incidence in a cohort of young women in the Stepping Stones trial. Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 3, 158. doi: 10.3402/gha.v8.27249. https://www.omicsonline.org/transactional-sex-and-hiv-incidence-in-a-cohort-of-young-women-in-the-stepping-stones-trial-2155-6113.1000158.php?aid=7173
BACKGROUNDRosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global Self-Esteem and Specific Self-Esteem: Different Concepts, Different Outcomes. American Sociological Review, 60(1): 141-156. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2096350?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
BACKGROUNDRobins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 27( 2), 151-161. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0146167201272002
BACKGROUNDRadloff. L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/98561/v01n3p385.pdf?sequence=1
BACKGROUNDMaslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/job.4030020205/pdf
BACKGROUNDLoera B, Converso D, Viotti S. Evaluating the psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian nurses: how many factors must a researcher consider? PLoS One. 2014 Dec 12;9(12):e114987. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114987. eCollection 2014.
PMID: 25501716BACKGROUNDFrench, J. R. P., & Raven, B. (1959). The Basis of Social Power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.) Studies in Social Power, Ann Arbor, Mich.: Institute for Social Research. http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Power/French_&_Raven_Studies_Social_Power_ch9_pp150-167.pdf
BACKGROUNDSwasy, J. L. (1979).
BACKGROUNDNaved, R. T., & Amin, S. (Eds.). (2012). Growing up safe and healthy (SAFE): Baseline report on sexual and reproductive health and rights and violence against women and girls in Dhaka slums. Dhaka, icddr,b. http://docplayer.net/41050334-Growing-up-safe-and-healthy-safe.html
BACKGROUNDWorld Health Organization. (2001). Putting Women First: Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Research on Domestic Violence Against Women. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/65893/1/WHO_FCH_GWH_01.1.pdf
BACKGROUNDParker B, Ulrich Y. A protocol of safety: research on abuse of women. Nursing Research Consortium on Violence and Abuse. Nurs Res. 1990 Jul-Aug;39(4):248-50. No abstract available.
PMID: 2367208BACKGROUNDAl Mamun M, Parvin K, Yu M, Wan J, Willan S, Gibbs A, Jewkes R, Naved RT. The HERrespect intervention to address violence against female garment workers in Bangladesh: study protocol for a quasi-experimental trial. BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 18;18(1):512. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5442-5.
PMID: 29669567DERIVED
MeSH Terms
Interventions
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- NON RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- PREVENTION
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
August 22, 2017
First Posted
October 6, 2017
Study Start
August 3, 2016
Primary Completion
October 31, 2019
Study Completion
October 31, 2019
Last Updated
December 20, 2019
Record last verified: 2018-12