Oculomotor Training Improves Reading Eye Movement

NCT02981875 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: HongKongPUVT
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Children with reading eye movement problems were recruited for this study. The treatment group was provided with oculomotor training for 8 weeks, the control group was given placebo exercises.

Conditions

Ocular Motility Disorders

Keywords

reading eye movement

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in number of fixation and regression during reading after 8 weeks of oculomotor training

  number of fixation and regression is measured by Visagraph per 100 words

  8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Change in reading rate during reading after 8 weeks of oculomotor training

  8 weeks

• Change in perceptual span (words per fixation) during reading after 8 weeks of oculomotor training

  8 weeks

• Change in fixation duration (seconds) during reading after 8 weeks of oculomotor training

  8 weeks

• Change in symptom scores after 8 weeks of oculomotor training

  8 weeks

Study Arms (2)

experimental

EXPERIMENTAL

oculomotor training

Other: oculomotor training

control

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

placebo vision training exercises

Other: placebo

Interventions

oculomotor training OTHER

a sequence of vision training exercises which focused mainly in oculomotor skill

experimental

placebo OTHER

placebo vision training exercises involving minimal accommodation and vergence eye movement.

control

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 8 Years - 9 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Reported by teachers or parents to have reading difficulties and failed to meet the Taylor reading eye movement norms when tested with the Visagraph III (below age norm for both fixation and regression number).
• Studying in mainstream primary schools (8-9 years of age)
• With normal near visual acuities for both eyes (with or without spectacles)
• Hyperopia below +4.00 D
• Myopia below -4.00 D
• Astigmatism below -2.00 D
• Anisometropia less than 2.0 D difference between the two eyes
• Near heterophoria within 0-4 exophoria
• Vertical heterophoria less than 1 prism dioptre
• Monocular amplitude of accommodation over 10 D in both eyes
• With parents who were willing to perform vision therapy exercises for the children at home on a regular basis
• Both genders were acceptable as Eden et al (1994) stated that gender had no effect on oculomotor skills

You may not qualify if:

• With strabismus
• Presence of eye diseases
• History of dyslexia (learning disability) or developmental delay

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The Hong Kong Polytechnic University: lead

Related Publications (17)

• Bigelow ER, McKenzie BE. Unstable ocular dominance and reading ability. Perception. 1985;14(3):329-35. doi: 10.1068/p140329.

  PMID: 4088794 BACKGROUND

• Biscaldi M, Gezeck S, Stuhr V. Poor saccadic control correlates with dyslexia. Neuropsychologia. 1998 Nov;36(11):1189-202. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00170-x.

  PMID: 9842764 BACKGROUND

• Borsting EJ, Rouse MW, Mitchell GL, Scheiman M, Cotter SA, Cooper J, Kulp MT, London R; Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Group. Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in children aged 9 to 18 years. Optom Vis Sci. 2003 Dec;80(12):832-8. doi: 10.1097/00006324-200312000-00014.

  PMID: 14688547 BACKGROUND

• Bosse ML, Tainturier MJ, Valdois S. Developmental dyslexia: the visual attention span deficit hypothesis. Cognition. 2007 Aug;104(2):198-230. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.05.009. Epub 2006 Jul 21.

  PMID: 16859667 BACKGROUND

• Bucci MP, Nassibi N, Gerard CL, Bui-Quoc E, Seassau M. Immaturity of the oculomotor saccade and vergence interaction in dyslexic children: evidence from a reading and visual search study. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33458. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033458. Epub 2012 Mar 16.

  PMID: 22438934 BACKGROUND

• Eden GF, Stein JF, Wood HM, Wood FB. Differences in eye movements and reading problems in dyslexic and normal children. Vision Res. 1994 May;34(10):1345-58. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(94)90209-7.

  PMID: 8023443 BACKGROUND

• Hutzler F, Wimmer H. Eye movements of dyslexic children when reading in a regular orthography. Brain Lang. 2004 Apr;89(1):235-42. doi: 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00401-2.

  PMID: 15010255 BACKGROUND

• Jainta S, Kapoula Z. Dyslexic children are confronted with unstable binocular fixation while reading. PLoS One. 2011 Apr 6;6(4):e18694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018694.

  PMID: 21494641 BACKGROUND

• McConkie GW, Kerr PW, Reddix MD, Zola D. Eye movement control during reading: I. The location of initial eye fixations on words. Vision Res. 1988;28(10):1107-18. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(88)90137-x.

  PMID: 3257013 BACKGROUND

• McConkie GW, Kerr PW, Reddix MD, Zola D, Jacobs AM. Eye movement control during reading: II. Frequency of refixating a word. Percept Psychophys. 1989 Sep;46(3):245-53. doi: 10.3758/bf03208086.

  PMID: 2771616 BACKGROUND

• Pavlidis GT. Eye movement differences between dyslexics, normal, and retarded readers while sequentially fixating digits. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1985 Dec;62(12):820-32. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198512000-00003.

  PMID: 4083326 BACKGROUND

• Poynter HL, Schor C, Haynes HM, Hirsch J. Oculomotor functions in reading disability. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1982 Feb;59(2):116-27. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198202000-00002.

  PMID: 7065104 BACKGROUND

• Prado C, Dubois M, Valdois S. The eye movements of dyslexic children during reading and visual search: impact of the visual attention span. Vision Res. 2007 Sep;47(19):2521-30. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2007.06.001. Epub 2007 Aug 23.

  PMID: 17719073 BACKGROUND

• Rounds BB, Manley CW, Norris RH. The effect of oculomotor training on reading efficiency. J Am Optom Assoc. 1991 Feb;62(2):92-9.

  PMID: 1814996 BACKGROUND

• Shainberg MJ. Vision therapy and orthoptics. Am Orthopt J. 2010;60:28-32. doi: 10.3368/aoj.60.1.28.

  PMID: 21061881 BACKGROUND

• Solan HA. Deficient eye-movement patterns in achieving high school students: three case histories. J Learn Disabil. 1985 Feb;18(2):66-70. doi: 10.1177/002221948501800201. No abstract available.

  PMID: 3973502 BACKGROUND

• Solan HA. Eye movement problems in achieving readers: an update. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1985 Dec;62(12):812-9. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198512000-00002.

  PMID: 4083325 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Ocular Motility Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Eye Diseases

Study Officials

• Carly SY Lam

  The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 17, 2016
• First Posted: December 5, 2016
• Study Start: January 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2016
• Study Completion: September 30, 2019
• Last Updated: August 4, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share