NCT02969915

Brief Summary

This clinical trial will compare the effectiveness of integrated care centers vs. integrated care centers plus HIV patient treatment incentives for achieving HIV treatment targets among people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men in India. The investigators will also assess cost-effectiveness and barriers and facilitators to implementation through targeted mixed-methods approaches. This study is a model for improving HIV treatment outcomes in key populations in low to middle-income countries.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
2,314

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable hiv-infections

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2017

Longer than P75 for not_applicable hiv-infections

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 18, 2016

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 21, 2016

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 30, 2017

Completed
2.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 23, 2020

Completed
2.8 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

December 22, 2022

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 30, 2024

Completed
Last Updated

December 15, 2025

Status Verified

December 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

2.4 years

First QC Date

November 18, 2016

Results QC Date

November 1, 2022

Last Update Submit

December 2, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

people who inject drugsmen who have sex with menHIVIndia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Proportion of Participants Surviving With Viral Suppression

    Viral Suppression defined as HIV RNA \<150 copies/mL

    12 months

Secondary Outcomes (8)

  • Proportion of Participants Surviving With Viral Suppression

    6 months

  • Proportion of Participants Surviving With Viral Suppression

    18 months

  • Proportion of Participants Surviving With Viral Suppression

    24 months

  • Proportion of Participants With Viral Suppression at One or More Follow-up Visits

    24 months

  • Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation

    12 months

  • +3 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Integrated care centers

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in the active comparator arm have access to integrated care centers (ICCs)

Behavioral: Integrated Care Centers

ICC + incentives

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the experimental arm have access to the ICC intervention and the incentive intervention

Behavioral: IncentivesBehavioral: Integrated Care Centers

Interventions

ICCs offer key-population-oriented, vertically-integrated harm reduction, HIV testing, and HIV treatment services

Also known as: ICC
ICC + incentivesIntegrated care centers
IncentivesBEHAVIORAL

Treatment incentives are offered to HIV-positive participants for reaching treatment targets, including retention to medical follow-up, initiating antiretroviral therapy, and maintaining high adherence with antiretroviral therapy.

Also known as: ICC+
ICC + incentives

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Speaks Hindi, English, or local language
  • HIV-positive
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive or has used ART less than 12 months
  • Registered client at the local integrated care center (ICC), which serves either people who inject drugs (PWID) or men who have sex with men (MSM).

You may not qualify if:

  • Not competent to provide informed consent or participate in the study.
  • Receives HIV care in the private sector
  • Plans to migrate in next 12 months

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

YR Gaitonde Center for AIDS Research and Education

Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600010, India

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Solomon SS, McFall AM, Srikrishnan AK, Verma V, Anand S, Khan RT, Kushwaha BS, Vasudevan C, Saravanan S, Paneerselvam N, Kumar MS, Das C, Celentano DD, Mehta SH, Lucas GM. Voucher incentives to improve viral suppression among HIV-positive people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men in India: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet HIV. 2024 May;11(5):e309-e320. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(24)00005-5. Epub 2024 Apr 4.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HIV InfectionsHomosexuality

Interventions

Fertility

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Blood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesImmune System DiseasesSexualitySexual BehaviorBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Reproductive Physiological PhenomenaReproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena

Results Point of Contact

Title
Gregory M. Lucas
Organization
Johns Hopkins University

Study Officials

  • Shruti H Mehta, PhD

    Johns Hopkins University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Gregory M Lucas, MD

    Johns Hopkins University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Matched-pair cluster-randomized trial
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 18, 2016

First Posted

November 21, 2016

Study Start

October 30, 2017

Primary Completion

March 23, 2020

Study Completion

May 30, 2024

Last Updated

December 15, 2025

Results First Posted

December 22, 2022

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

The investigators will require prospective collaborators to submit concept sheets to the study PIs that include a brief summary of the proposed hypothesis, summary of research methods, specific data or specimens that are being requested, and plans for analysis. Reasonable requests that address relevant scientific questions will be welcomed and supported to the extent possible.

Locations