NCT02933255

Brief Summary

Background: The immune system is the cells and organs in the body that recognize and fight infection and cancer. The prostate specific antigen (PSA)/TRICOM (PROSTVAC) vaccine might teach the immune system to find and kill certain prostate cancer cells. Nivolumab is a drug that allows the immune system to fight tumors. It might help PROSTVAC work better. Objective: To test the safety and effectiveness of the combination of PROSTVAC and nivolumab. To test this for people with castration resistant prostate cancer and then for other people with localized prostate cancer who are candidates for surgical removal of the prostate. Eligibility: Men ages 18 and older with prostate cancer Design: Participants will be screened with: Medical history Physical exam Blood and urine tests Electrocardiogram Bone scan Computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Tumor sample. This may be from a previous procedure. All participants will get a combination of the study drugs over 8 weeks. They will have 1 visit for the initial injection then 3 booster injection / nivolumab infusion visits. Blood will be tested at these visits. Over the next 4 weeks, some participants will have: An exam of the large intestine through the rectum. CT and bone scans Standard hormonal treatment Option to continue treatment every 3 weeks if their disease does not get worse. They will have scans every 12 weeks. Other participants will have surgery to remove the prostate in week 9. Participants will have a safety visit about a month after their last treatment. This will include a physical exam, blood tests, and possibly scans. If their cancer progresses, participants will leave the study and may enroll in a long-term follow-up study. They will be contacted once a year to ask about their cancer and treatment.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
24

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for phase_1 prostate-cancer

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2017

Longer than P75 for phase_1 prostate-cancer

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 13, 2016

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 14, 2016

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 18, 2017

Completed
6.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 20, 2023

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 1, 2023

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

May 31, 2024

Completed
Last Updated

May 31, 2024

Status Verified

May 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

6.2 years

First QC Date

October 13, 2016

Results QC Date

April 25, 2024

Last Update Submit

May 29, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

SafetyNeoadjuvantProstatectomyImmunotherapyVaccine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Number of Participants With Clinically Important Immune-related Adverse Events (for the Lead-In Cohort)

    Clinically important immune-related adverse events were defined as grade 3 or above inflammation requiring steroids or anti cytokine therapy or not resolving to grade 1 or less within 28 days. These immune-related adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0). Grade 3 is severe, grade 4 is life-threatening, and grade 5 is death related to adverse event.

    From treatment start throughout study completion, an average of 1.4 years.

  • Changes in T-cell Infiltration in the Tumor After Neoadjuvant Treatment (Only for the Neoadjuvant Cohort)

    Changes in T-cell infiltration in the tumor after neoadjuvant treatment with PROSTVAC and nivolumab, is defined as difference in density of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8 T) cells and clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4 T) cells infiltrate from baseline to post-treatment (radical prostatectomy performed at week 9), calculated utilizing computer automated staining analysis. The analysis was done per tissue compartment (normal region, intra-tumoral and invasive margin). We hypothesized an increase in T cell infiltration after treatment. Statistically significant changes in T-cell infiltration are those with p\<0.05; to 0.05. The changes are not statistically significant.

    From baseline to radical prostatectomy (approximately week 9)

Secondary Outcomes (14)

  • Number of Participants With Clinically Important Immune-related Adverse Events (Only for Neoadjuvant Cohort)

    From baseline throughout study completion, an average of 20 weeks.

  • Changes in Soluble Immune Mediating Factors (Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 27 (sCD27) in Sera

    Week 4, week 10, and week 20 after therapy compared to baseline

  • Changes in Soluble Immune Mediating Factors (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in Sera

    Week 4, week 10, and week 20 after therapy compared to baseline

  • Percent Change of Tumor Cells Expressing Programmed Death-ligand 1 (PDL-1) (for the Neo-adjuvant Cohort)

    Baseline (biopsy before first PROSTVAC administration) and at time of radical prostatectomy (on week 9)

  • Changes in Immune Cell Subsets in the Peripheral Blood

    Week 4 and week 10 after therapy compared to baseline.

  • +9 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (1)

  • Number of Participants With Serious and/or Non-serious Adverse Events Assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0)

    First study intervention, Study Day 1, to 30 days after participant received last study drug administration. Approximately 1.4 years for the metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer cohort, and an average of 20 weeks for the neoadjuvant cohort.

Study Arms (2)

Lead-in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Cohort

EXPERIMENTAL

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-TRICOM vaccinia (PROSTVAC)-V on week 0 followed by booster injection called PROSTVAC-F on week 2, 4, and 8. Nivolumab will be administered on week 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. When administered on the same day, the preferred order of administration is PROSTVAC first followed by nivolumab. Participants will undergo restaging scans on week 12. If no progressive disease (PD), option to continue treatment with nivolumab every 2 weeks and PROSTVAC-F every 4 weeks until intolerance or progression. Option to extend nivolumab interval to 4 weeks for participants who remain on protocol beyond 1 year.

Biological: PROSTVAC-V/FDrug: NivolumabDrug: Tylenol

Neoadjuvant Cohort

EXPERIMENTAL

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-TRICOM vaccinia (PROSTVAC)-V on week 0 followed by booster injection called PROSTVAC-fowlpox (F) on 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Nivolumab will be administered on week 2, 4, and 8. When administered on the same day, the preferred order of administration is PROSTVAC first followed by nivolumab. Participants will undergo prostatectomy on week 9.

Biological: PROSTVAC-V/FDrug: NivolumabProcedure: ProstatectomyProcedure: BiopsyDrug: Tylenol

Interventions

PROSTVAC-V/FBIOLOGICAL

PROSTVAC-V (vaccinia) will be administered subcutaneously in an extremity (e.g., thigh) at a dose of 2x10\^8 infectious units. PROSTVAC-F (fowlpox) will be administered subcutaneously in an extremity (e.g., thigh) at a dose of 1x10\^9 infectious units.

Also known as: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-TRICOM vaccinia fowlpox (PROSTVAC-V/F)
Lead-in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) CohortNeoadjuvant Cohort

Nivolumab is to be administered as a flat dose over approximately 30-minutes via intravenous (IV) infusion.

Also known as: Opdivo
Lead-in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) CohortNeoadjuvant Cohort
ProstatectomyPROCEDURE

Participants in the neoadjuvant cohort will undergo a radical prostatectomy in week 9. (If surgery is scheduled earlier than 9 weeks after initial dosing, the 6 and 8 week dosing may be skipped, and surgery may be done as early as week 5.)

Neoadjuvant Cohort
BiopsyPROCEDURE

A baseline biopsy is performed for participants in the neoadjuvant cohort that do not have a previous collection of biopsy material.

Neoadjuvant Cohort

Participants who experience aches or fever after vaccination may take Tylenol as directed.

Also known as: Acetaminophen
Lead-in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) CohortNeoadjuvant Cohort

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 120 Years
Sexmale
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • For the neoadjuvant cohort, patients must have histopathological documentation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate prior to starting this study and evaluable biopsy tissue (e.g., unstained slides or blocks) available for analysis. If evaluable tissue is not available, the patient must agree to undergo a pre-vaccination prostate biopsy on study. For the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) lead in cohort, if histopathological documentation is unavailable, a rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) and a clinical course consistent with prostate cancer would be acceptable.
  • Age greater than or equal to 18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of PROSTVAC in combination with nivolumab, ipilimumab or both in participants \<18 years of age, children are excluded from this study, but will be eligible for future pediatric trials.
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.
  • Participants must not have other active invasive malignancies within the past 2 years (with the exception, of non-melanoma skin cancers) (for CRPC cohort only).
  • Participants must be willing to travel to the study site for follow-up visits
  • All participants who have received prior vaccination with vaccinia virus (for smallpox immunization) must not have a history of serious adverse reaction to the vaccine.
  • The effects of PROSTVAC in combination nivolumab, ipilimumab or both on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason, men must agree to use adequate contraception (abstinence, vasectomy) or female partner must use (intrauterine device (IUD), hormonal \[birth control, pills, injections, or implants\], tubal ligation\] prior to study entry and for up to 7 months after the last dose.
  • Participants must understand and sign informed consent that explains the neoplastic nature of their disease, the procedures to be followed, the experimental nature of the treatment, alternative treatments, potential risks and toxicities, and the voluntary nature of participation.
  • Participants must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
  • hemoglobin greater than or equal to 8 g/dL
  • granulocytes greater than or equal to 1,500/mcL
  • platelets greater than or equal to 100,000/mcL
  • total bilirubin \< 1.5 mg/dL (or less than or equal to 3.0 mg/dL in patients with Gilbert syndrome)
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT)(SGOT)/alanine transaminase (ALT)serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) less than or equal to 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
  • creatinine less than or equal to 1.5 X ULN
  • +10 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Prior splenectomy.
  • The recombinant vaccinia vaccine should not be administered if the following apply to either recipients or, for at least 3 weeks after vaccination, their close household contacts (Close household contacts are those who share housing or have close physical contact):
  • persons with active or a history of eczema or other eczematoid skin disorders
  • those with other acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne or other open rashes or wounds) until condition resolves
  • pregnant or nursing women; children under 3 years of age
  • Participants should have no evidence, as listed below, of being immunocompromised:
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity due to the potential for decreased tolerance and risk for severe side effects.
  • Hepatitis B or C positivity.
  • Concurrent use of systemic steroids or steroid eye drops. This is to avoid immunosuppression which may lead to potential complications with vaccinia (priming vaccination). Nasal, topical, or inhaled steroid use is permitted.
  • Participants with known allergy to eggs or to compounds with a similar chemical or biologic composition to PROSTVAC, ipilimumab or nivolumab.
  • No prior immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4), anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) are allowed.
  • Other serious intercurrent illness.
  • Participants with a history of unstable or newly diagnosed angina pectoris, recent myocardial infarction (within 6 months of enrollment) or New York Heart Association class II-IV congestive heart failure.
  • Participants with significant autoimmune disease that is active or potentially life threatening if activated.
  • Participants with clinically significant cardiomyopathy requiring treatment.
  • +11 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Lassoued W, Madan RA, Xue E, Burnett D, Canubas KD, Bailey S, Marte JL, Tsai YT, Donahue RN, Turkbey IB, Papanicolau-Sengo A, Williams M, Hankin A, Manukyan M, Manu M, Kang Z, Pritchard C, Dahut W, Karzai F, Schlom J, Sater S, Pinto P, Gulley JL. Programmed death-1 inhibition increases vaccine-induced T-cell infiltration in patients with prostate cancer. J Immunother Cancer. 2025 Jun 22;13(6):e010851. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2024-010851.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Prostatic Neoplasms

Interventions

Prostate-Specific AntigenNivolumabProstatectomyBiopsyAcetaminophen

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Genital Neoplasms, MaleUrogenital NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsGenital Diseases, MaleGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesProstatic DiseasesMale Urogenital Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

KallikreinsSerine EndopeptidasesEndopeptidasesPeptide HydrolasesHydrolasesEnzymesEnzymes and CoenzymesSerine ProteasesProstatic Secretory ProteinsSeminal Plasma ProteinsSeminal ProteinsProteinsAmino Acids, Peptides, and ProteinsAntigens, NeoplasmAntigensBiological FactorsBiomarkers, TumorBiomarkersAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmunoproteinsBlood ProteinsSerum GlobulinsGlobulinsUrologic Surgical Procedures, MaleUrologic Surgical ProceduresUrogenital Surgical ProceduresSurgical Procedures, OperativeCytodiagnosisCytological TechniquesClinical Laboratory TechniquesDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisSpecimen HandlingDiagnostic Techniques, SurgicalInvestigative TechniquesAcetanilidesAnilidesAmidesOrganic ChemicalsAniline CompoundsAmines

Results Point of Contact

Title
Dr. James L. Gulley
Organization
National Cancer Institute

Study Officials

  • James L Gulley, M.D.

    National Cancer Institute (NCI)

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 1
Allocation
NON RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
NIH
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 13, 2016

First Posted

October 14, 2016

Study Start

April 18, 2017

Primary Completion

June 20, 2023

Study Completion

December 1, 2023

Last Updated

May 31, 2024

Results First Posted

May 31, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

All individual participant data (IPD) recorded in the medical record will be shared with intramural investigators upon request. All IPD recorded in the medical record will be shared with intramural investigators upon request. In addition, all large-scale genomic sequencing data will be shared with subscribers to the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP).

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
Clinical data available during the study and indefinitely. Genomic data are available once genomic data are uploaded per protocol Genomic Data Sharing (GDS) plan for as long as database is active.
Access Criteria
Clinical data will be made available via subscription to Biomedical Translational Research Information System (BTRIS) and with the permission of the study principal investigator (PI). Genomic data are made available via the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) through requests to the data custodians.

Locations