NCT02868983

Brief Summary

Behavioral problems are part of many of the chronic diseases that cause the majority of illness, disability and death. Tobacco, diet, physical inactivity, alcohol, drug abuse, failure to take treatment, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and stress are major issues, especially when chronic medical problems such as heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, or kidney disease are also present. These behavioral problems can often be helped, but the current health care system doesn't do a good job of getting the right care to these patients. Behavioral health includes mental health care, substance abuse care, health behavior change, and attention to family and other psychological and social factors. Many people with behavioral health needs present to primary care and may be referred to mental health or substance abuse specialists, but this method is often unacceptable to patients. Two newer ways have been proposed for helping these patients. In co-location, a behavioral health clinician (such as a Psychologist or Social Worker) is located in or near the primary practice to increase the chance that the patient will make it to treatment. In Integrated Behavioral Health (IBH), a Behavioral Health Clinician is specially trained to work closely with the medical provider as a full member of the primary treatment team. The research question is: Does increased integration of evidence-supported behavioral health and primary care services, compared to simple co-location of providers, improve outcomes? The key decision affected by the research is at the practice level: whether and how to use behavioral health services. The investigators plan to do a randomized, parallel group clustered study of 3,000 subjects in 40 practices with co-located behavioral health services. Practices randomized to the active intervention will convert to IBH using a practice improvement method that has helped in other settings. The investigators will measure the health status of patients in each practice before and after they start using IBH. The investigators will compare the change in those outcomes to health status changes of patients in practices who have not yet started using IBH. The investigators plan to study adults who have both medical and behavioral problems, and get their care in Family Medicine clinics, General Internal Medicine practices, and Community Health Centers.

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
4,025

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2016

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
unknown

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 1, 2016

Completed
4 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 9, 2016

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 16, 2016

Completed
5.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

September 30, 2021

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

September 30, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

October 5, 2021

Status Verified

September 1, 2021

Enrollment Period

5.5 years

First QC Date

August 9, 2016

Last Update Submit

September 27, 2021

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • PROMIS-29 v2

    Change in general health

    24 months

Secondary Outcomes (12)

  • CAHPS 12-Month PCMH Adult Questionnaire 2.0

    24 months

  • Consultation and Relational Empathy measure

    24 months

  • Patient Activation Measure-13

    24 months

  • Modified Self-reported Medication-taking Scale

    24 months

  • Patient Report of Utilization

    24 months

  • +7 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (6)

  • Staff Burnout

    24 months

  • Practice Integration Profile

    24 months

  • Costs of Implementation

    24 months

  • +3 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Integration

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention consists of training for practice leaders, BHCs, PCPs, and office staff, a Protocolized Redesign Process support for practice redesign, and a toolkit of suggested tactics for implementing Tasks A through D: A. Identification B. Assessment C. Treatment D. Surveillance

Other: Integration

Co-Location

NO INTERVENTION

A Behavioral Health Clinician (BHC) such as a psychologist or counselor is housed in or near the primary care practice.

Interventions

The intervention consists of training for practice leaders, BHCs, PCPs, and office staff, a Protocolized Redesign Process support for practice redesign, and a toolkit of suggested tactics for implementing Tasks A through D: A. Identification B. Assessment C. Treatment D. Surveillance

Integration

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Over 18 years of age
  • At least one target chronic medical condition:
  • arthritis
  • asthma
  • chronic obstructive lung disease
  • diabetes
  • heart failure
  • or hypertension.
  • Evidence of a behavioral problem or need:
  • Diagnosis of:
  • anxiety
  • chronic pain including headache
  • depression
  • fibromyalgia
  • insomnia
  • +12 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • Not seeking care at a participating practice
  • Inability to consent due to cognitive and/or developmental impairment/delays
  • Living in the same household as a previously enrolled study participant

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Vermont

Burlington, Vermont, 05401, United States

Location

Related Publications (8)

  • van Eeghen C, Soucie J, Clifton J, Hitt J, Mollis B, Rose GL, Scholle SH, Stephens KA, Zhou X, Baldwin LM. Implementation outcomes from a randomized, controlled trial of a strategy to improve integration of behavioral health and primary care services. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 Nov 8;24(1):1361. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11801-7.

  • Nagykaldi Z, Littenberg B, Bonnell L, Breshears R, Clifton J, Crocker A, Hitt J, Kessler R, Mollis B, Miyamoto RES, van Eeghen C. Econometric evaluation of implementing a behavioral health integration intervention in primary care settings. Transl Behav Med. 2023 Aug 11;13(8):571-580. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibad013.

  • Rose GL, Bonnell LN, Clifton J, Natkin LW, Hitt JR, O'Rourke-Lavoie J. Outcomes of Delay of Care After the Onset of COVID-19 for Patients Managing Multiple Chronic Conditions. J Am Board Fam Med. 2022 Dec 23;35(6):1081-1091. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.220112R1. Epub 2022 Nov 17.

  • Bonnell LN, Troy AR, Littenberg B. Exploring non-linear relationships between neighbourhood walkability and health: a cross-sectional study among US primary care patients with chronic conditions. BMJ Open. 2022 Aug 19;12(8):e061086. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061086.

  • Ma KPK, Mollis BL, Rolfes J, Au M, Crocker A, Scholle SH, Kessler R, Baldwin LM, Stephens KA. Payment strategies for behavioral health integration in hospital-affiliated and non-hospital-affiliated primary care practices. Transl Behav Med. 2022 Aug 17;12(8):878-883. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac053.

  • Cross AJ, Thomas D, Liang J, Abramson MJ, George J, Zairina E. Educational interventions for health professionals managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 May 6;5(5):CD012652. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012652.pub2.

  • van Eeghen C, Hitt JR, Pomeroy DJ, Reynolds P, Rose GL, O'Rourke Lavoie J. Co-creating the Patient Partner Guide by a Multiple Chronic Conditions Team of Patients, Clinicians, and Researchers: Observational Report. J Gen Intern Med. 2022 Apr;37(Suppl 1):73-79. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-07308-0. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

  • Crocker AM, Kessler R, van Eeghen C, Bonnell LN, Breshears RE, Callas P, Clifton J, Elder W, Fox C, Frisbie S, Hitt J, Jewiss J, Kathol R, Clark/Keefe K, O'Rourke-Lavoie J, Leibowitz GS, Macchi CR, McGovern M, Mollis B, Mullin DJ, Nagykaldi Z, Natkin LW, Pace W, Pinckney RG, Pomeroy D, Pond A, Postupack R, Reynolds P, Rose GL, Scholle SH, Sieber WJ, Stancin T, Stange KC, Stephens KA, Teng K, Waddell EN, Littenberg B. Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care (IBH-PC) to improve patient-centered outcomes in adults with multiple chronic medical and behavioral health conditions: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomized control trial. Trials. 2021 Mar 10;22(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05133-8.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

ArthritisAsthmaPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveDiabetes MellitusHeart FailureHypertensionAnxiety DisordersChronic PainDepressionFibromyalgiaSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersIrritable Bowel SyndromeAlcoholismSubstance-Related Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Joint DiseasesMusculoskeletal DiseasesBronchial DiseasesRespiratory Tract DiseasesLung Diseases, ObstructiveLung DiseasesRespiratory HypersensitivityHypersensitivity, ImmediateHypersensitivityImmune System DiseasesChronic DiseaseDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesHeart DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesVascular DiseasesMental DisordersPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsBehavioral SymptomsBehaviorMuscular DiseasesRheumatic DiseasesNeuromuscular DiseasesNervous System DiseasesSleep Disorders, IntrinsicDyssomniasSleep Wake DisordersColonic Diseases, FunctionalColonic DiseasesIntestinal DiseasesGastrointestinal DiseasesDigestive System DiseasesAlcohol-Related DisordersChemically-Induced Disorders

Study Officials

  • Benjamin Littenberg, MD

    University of Vermont

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 9, 2016

First Posted

August 16, 2016

Study Start

April 1, 2016

Primary Completion

September 30, 2021

Study Completion

September 30, 2021

Last Updated

October 5, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

A complete, cleaned, de-identified copy of the final dataset used in conducting the final analyses will be made available within one year after the completion of the study. It will include a data dictionary with response and missing values defined as well as a complete set of survey instruments (excluding copyright protected material not licensed for transfer). The data will be available as an encrypted Stata data set or comma-separated file. The investigators will not make data from qualitative results available because of the potential for identifying individuals.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
One year after study completion for at least one year.
Access Criteria
All requests will be reviewed by the project's Ancillary Studies committee to ensure scientific validity and lack of overlap with ongoing analyses.

Locations