NCT02868034

Brief Summary

Research on spinal manipulative therapy for individuals with low back pain has been hampered by a lack of understanding of which of the physiologic effects produced by spinal manipulation are related to clinical benefit, and how these effects can be used to optimize treatment outcomes. Prior research has identified physiologic effects that relate to the clinical benefits from spinal manipulation treatment. The goal of this project is to examine strategies to use these effects to identify optimized treatment protocols. The results of this project will provide critical information for future clinical trials related to spinal manipulation.

Trial Health

90
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
273

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2 low-back-pain

Timeline
Completed

Started Feb 2017

Geographic Reach
2 countries

2 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 11, 2016

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 16, 2016

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 22, 2017

Completed
1.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 12, 2019

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 12, 2019

Completed
4.3 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

May 17, 2023

Completed
Last Updated

May 17, 2023

Status Verified

April 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

1.9 years

First QC Date

August 11, 2016

Results QC Date

December 2, 2020

Last Update Submit

April 21, 2023

Conditions

Keywords

Low Back PainSpinal ManipulationExercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Spinal Stiffness

    Spinal stiffness is assessed with the VerteTrack device that applies a vertical load along the lumbar spine of a prone participant. The indenter houses a sensor to provide continuous, real-time quantification of spinal deformation in response to a defined load. Stiffness was determined as the ratio of the maximum applied force to the resultant displacement in N/mm. Higher numbers indicate greater amounts of stiffness.

    Assessed at Phase II Baseline, 4 weeks, 12 weeks. 4 weeks and 12 weeks reported. Phase II baseline values were constrained to be equal to a common overall mean for analyses.

  • Multifidus Activation

    Multifidus activation was measured with brightness-mode ultrasound images using a 60mm, 2-5 MHz curvilinear array. Images are acquired with the multifidus at rest and during submaximal contraction. Three images in each state are acquired and averaged. Muscle activation is calculated as the change in thickness at rest and submaximal contraction and expressed as a percentage change. Greater numbers indicate higher muscle activation.

    Assessed at Phase II Baseline, 4 weeks, 12 weeks. 4 weeks and 12 weeks reported. Phase II baseline values were constrained to be equal to a common overall mean for analyses.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Oswestry Disability Index

    Assessed at Phase II Baseline, 4 weeks, 12 weeks. 4 weeks and 12 weeks reported. Phase II baseline values were constrained to be equal to a common overall mean for analyses.

  • Pain Intensity

    Assessed at Phase II Baseline, 4 weeks, 12 weeks. 4 weeks and 12 weeks reported. Phase II baseline values were constrained to be equal to a common overall mean for analyses.

Study Arms (8)

SMT Only

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients receive 2 sessions on SMT during week 1, no additional treatment.

Behavioral: SMT

SMT extended

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT in week 1 and 6 additional sessions of SMT during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: SMT extended

SMT with Activation Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1 and 6 additional sessions of lumbar multifidus activating exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Activation Exercises

SMT with Mobilizing Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1; 6 sessions of spinal mobilizing exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Mobilizing Exercises

SMT with Mobilizing and Activation Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1; 6 sessions of lumbar multifidus activating exercises and spinal mobilizing exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Mobilizing ExercisesBehavioral: Activation Exercises

SMT extended with Mobilizing Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1; 6 sessions of SMT and spinal mobilizing exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Mobilizing ExercisesBehavioral: SMT extended

SMT extended with Activation Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1; 6 sessions of SMT and lumbar multifidus activating exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Activation ExercisesBehavioral: SMT extended

SMT extended with Activation and Mobilizing Exercises

EXPERIMENTAL

2 sessions of SMT during week 1; 6 sessions of SMT, multifidus activating and spinal mobilizing exercises during weeks 2-4.

Behavioral: SMTBehavioral: Mobilizing ExercisesBehavioral: Activation ExercisesBehavioral: SMT extended

Interventions

SMTBEHAVIORAL

All patients receive 2 SMT sessions in the first week. The subject is supine. The clinician stands opposite the side to be manipulated and side-bends the subject away from the side to manipulate. The side to be manipulated is the more painful. If the subject cannot identify a more painful side the clinician selects a side. The clinician rotates the subject, and delivers a high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust to the pelvis in a posterior/inferior direction. The clinician notes if a cavitation (ie, a "pop") occurred. If it does, SMT treatment is complete. If no cavitation occurs, the subject is repositioned and SMT is performed again. If no cavitation occurs on the second attempt, the clinician manipulates the opposite side. A maximum of 2 attempts per side is permitted. If no cavitation is noted by that time, SMT treatment is complete. Substitution with a side-posture HVLA technique is allowed if the preferred technique is not possible due to subject preference or comfort.

Also known as: Spinal Manipulative Therapy
SMT OnlySMT extendedSMT extended with Activation ExercisesSMT extended with Activation and Mobilizing ExercisesSMT extended with Mobilizing ExercisesSMT with Activation ExercisesSMT with Mobilizing ExercisesSMT with Mobilizing and Activation Exercises

Mobilizing exercises will include a program of repeated movements progressing into end-ranges of spinal flexion and/or extension shown in past studies to improve ROM and reduce spinal stiffness. Patients will be instructed in mid-range exercises and will be further assessed for a directional preference. A directional preference is present if movement in a particular direction decreases LBP intensity or causes symptoms to centralize towards the midline. If a subject has a directional preference he or she will be prescribed exercises specifically in that direction along with mid-range exercise. Otherwise the subject will be assigned exercises moving into either flexion or extension based on the clinician's discretion. Subjects will perform their prescribed exercises at treatment sessions and will be instructed to perform the exercises daily on other days.

SMT extended with Activation and Mobilizing ExercisesSMT extended with Mobilizing ExercisesSMT with Mobilizing ExercisesSMT with Mobilizing and Activation Exercises

Activation exercises are designed to facilitate use of the lumbar multifidus muscle. Exercises will begin with isometric multifidus contractions in different positions with clinician feedback and exercises to isometrically co-contract the multifidus and deep abdominal muscles. Subjects will also perform lumbar extensor strengthening exercises shown to produce 20%-50% of multifidus maximum voluntary contraction. Subjects will continue to perform isometric exercises throughout treatment. Subjects will perform their prescribed exercises at treatment sessions and will be instructed to perform the exercises daily on other days.

SMT extended with Activation ExercisesSMT extended with Activation and Mobilizing ExercisesSMT with Activation ExercisesSMT with Mobilizing and Activation Exercises
SMT extendedBEHAVIORAL

This treatment involves 6 additional SMT sessions. Each SMT session is conducted as described previously.

SMT extendedSMT extended with Activation ExercisesSMT extended with Activation and Mobilizing ExercisesSMT extended with Mobilizing Exercises

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 60 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • I. Pain between the 12th rib and buttocks with or without symptoms into one or both legs, which, in the opinion of the examiner, originate from the lumbar region.
  • II. Age 18 - 60 years
  • III. Oswestry disability score \> 20%

You may not qualify if:

  • I. Prior surgery to the lumbosacral spine
  • II. Currently pregnant
  • III. Currently receiving mind-body or exercise treatment for LBP from a healthcare provider (e.g., chiropractic, physical therapy, massage therapy, etc.)
  • IV. Neurogenic signs including any of the following: positive ipsi- or contra-lateral straight leg raise test; reflex, sensory, or strength deficit in a pattern consistent with lumbar nerve root compression

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

University of Utah, Department of Physical Therapy

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States

Location

University of Alberta

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Fritz JM, Sharpe JA, Lane E, Santillo D, Greene T, Kawchuk G. Optimizing treatment protocols for spinal manipulative therapy: study protocol for a randomized trial. Trials. 2018 Jun 4;19(1):306. doi: 10.1186/s13063-018-2692-6.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back PainMotor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back PainPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsBehavior

Results Point of Contact

Title
Julie Fritz
Organization
University of Utah

Study Officials

  • Julie M Fritz, PhD, PT

    University of Utah

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 11, 2016

First Posted

August 16, 2016

Study Start

February 22, 2017

Primary Completion

January 12, 2019

Study Completion

January 12, 2019

Last Updated

May 17, 2023

Results First Posted

May 17, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-04

Locations