Training in the Fasted State, Glucose Metabolism and Energy Balance

NCT02744183 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: EP 15/16129
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

In healthy individuals, the body responds to glucose (sugar) ingestion by reducing the amount released from the liver. At the same time, skeletal muscles increase the rate at which they remove the glucose from the bloodstream, via the actions of the hormone insulin. This ensures that blood glucose levels remain in a controlled range. However, in developed countries, diseases such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes are becoming prevalent, due to dietary modifications and a reduction in physical activity. As one of the prominent barriers to regular physical activity is a lack of time, finding ways to maximize the health benefits of exercise is a priority for researchers. The investigators want to understand potential differences in the effects of six weeks of aerobic training, with the exercise performed either after breakfast or after a prolonged fast. Specifically, this research aims to investigate whether there is a difference in the change in processes implicated in glucose regulation and secondly, in subsequent eating and physical activity behaviors. By investigating these changes this work will explore how exercise and nutrition can be optimized to benefit health and weight loss.

Conditions

Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Keywords

Exercise; Fasted; Glucose; Energy Balance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Postprandial plasma glucose concentrations

  Response to oral glucose tolerance test (area under the curve)

  120 mins - (change after 6 weeks)

• Postprandial insulin concentrations

  Response to oral glucose tolerance test (area under the curve)

  120 mins - (change after 6 weeks)

Secondary Outcomes (29)

• Oral Glucose Insulin Sensitivity Index

  120 mins - (change after 6 weeks)

• Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max)

  Change after 6 weeks

• Habitual energy intake

  Change after 6 weeks

• Habitual energy expenditure

  Change after 6 weeks

• Body mass (kg)

  Change after 6 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Control Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Maintain habitual habits

Behavioral: Maintain habitual habits

Fed Exercise

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

6 weeks of moderate intensity exercise with breakfast consumption

Behavioral: Exercise; Behavioral: Breakfast

Fasted Exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

6 weeks of moderate intensity exercise with breakfast omission

Behavioral: Exercise

Interventions

Exercise BEHAVIORAL

Moderate intensity exercise

Fasted Exercise; Fed Exercise

Breakfast BEHAVIORAL

Breakfast consumption

Fed Exercise

Maintain habitual habits BEHAVIORAL

Normal physical activity and dietary behaviors maintained

Control Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 49 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Male
• Aged 18-49
• Body mass index (BMI) \> 25 kg/m2
• Weight stable for \> 6 months
• Not currently engaging in any form of structured exercise
• Be able and willing to give informed oral and written consent
• Complete and meet the defined criteria of pre-study questionnaires and screen

You may not qualify if:

• Have a history of metabolic, cardio-pulmonary or musculoskeletal disease
• Have plans to change diet and/or physical activity outside of the intervention
• Taking regular medication or food supplements from which it is not possible to refrain and which are known to influence any of the outcome measures.
• Failure to refrain from alcohol and/or caffeine containing drinks or strenuous exercise one day before or during the trial days
• Smokers
• Any reported condition or behavior deemed to pose a risk to the participant or introduce bias into the experiment

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Bath: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department for Health, University of Bath

Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Gonzalez JT, Veasey RC, Rumbold PL, Stevenson EJ. Breakfast and exercise contingently affect postprandial metabolism and energy balance in physically active males. Br J Nutr. 2013 Aug;110(4):721-32. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512005582. Epub 2013 Jan 29.

  PMID: 23340006 BACKGROUND

• Van Proeyen K, Szlufcik K, Nielens H, Pelgrim K, Deldicque L, Hesselink M, Van Veldhoven PP, Hespel P. Training in the fasted state improves glucose tolerance during fat-rich diet. J Physiol. 2010 Nov 1;588(Pt 21):4289-302. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.196493.

  PMID: 20837645 BACKGROUND

• Edinburgh RM, Bradley HE, Abdullah NF, Robinson SL, Chrzanowski-Smith OJ, Walhin JP, Joanisse S, Manolopoulos KN, Philp A, Hengist A, Chabowski A, Brodsky FM, Koumanov F, Betts JA, Thompson D, Wallis GA, Gonzalez JT. Lipid Metabolism Links Nutrient-Exercise Timing to Insulin Sensitivity in Men Classified as Overweight or Obese. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Mar 1;105(3):660-76. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgz104.

  PMID: 31628477 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Motor Activity

Interventions

Exercise; Breakfast

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Meals; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Javier Gonzalez, PhD

  University of Bath

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Dr Javier Gonzalez

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 11, 2016
• First Posted: April 20, 2016
• Study Start: October 1, 2016
• Primary Completion: August 1, 2018
• Study Completion: September 1, 2019
• Last Updated: November 25, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

GB (1)