NCT02660385

Brief Summary

Chronic insomnia may contribute to the development and exacerbation of heart failure (HF), incident mortality and contributes to common and disabling symptoms (fatigue, dyspnea, anxiety, depression, excessive daytime sleepiness, and pain) and decrements in objective and subjective functional performance. The purposes of the study are to evaluate the sustained effects of CBT-I on insomnia severity, sleep characteristics, daytime symptoms, and functional performance over twelve months among patients who have stable chronic HF and chronic insomnia. The effects of the treatment on outcomes of HF (hospitalization, death) and costs of the treatment will also be examined. A total of 200 participants will be randomized to 4 bi-weekly group sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for CBT-I (behavioral was to improve insomnia and sleep) or HF self-management education. Participants will complete wrist actigraph (wrist-watch like accelerometer) measures of sleep, diaries, reaction time, and 6 minute walk test distance. They will also complete self-report measures of insomnia, sleep, symptoms, and functional performance. In addition the effects on symptoms and function over a period of one year.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
195

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Mar 2016

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 14, 2016

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 21, 2016

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 7, 2016

Completed
4.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2020

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

November 30, 2021

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

February 9, 2023

Completed
Last Updated

February 9, 2023

Status Verified

January 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

4.4 years

First QC Date

January 14, 2016

Results QC Date

August 25, 2022

Last Update Submit

January 26, 2023

Conditions

Keywords

paininsomniacardiac failuresleepfatigueheart diseaseanxietyactigraphypsychomotor vigilancesix minute walkdepressioncognitive behavioral therapyself-managementself-care

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (10)

  • Change in Insomnia Severity

    Insomnia severity will be measured with the Insomnia Severity Index, a brief self-report instrument measuring patients' perception of their insomnia. The instrument includes 7 items assessing the severity of sleep onset and sleep maintenance difficulties, satisfaction with current sleep pattern, interference with daily functioning, noticeability of impairment attributed to the sleep problem, and degree of distress or concern caused by the sleep problem. Each item is rated on a 0-4 scale (4 indicates greater severity) with a total score ranging from 0 to 28. Scores are categorized as not clinically significant, sub-threshold insomnia, moderate insomnia or severe insomnia. For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 3 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change in Fatigue

    The symptom of fatigue was measured with the PROMIS Item Bank v1.0 - Fatigue - Short Form 8a. The instrument measures a range of symptoms of fatigue from mild tiredness to exhaustion that may interfere with the performance of daily activities. The instrument uses a 7-day time frame and a 5-point rating scale that ranges from 1 ("Not at all") to 5 ("Very much"). The measure uses a T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population (the general population) and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of the population. Higher scores mean more fatigue. To find the total raw score we summed the values of the response to each question. The lowest possible raw score is 8; the highest possible raw score is 40. We used the score conversion table to translate the total raw score into a T-score for each participant. The T-scores are interpreted as follows: Less than 55 = None to slight 55.0-59.9 = Mild 60.0-69.9 = Moderate 70 and over = Severe. The range of scores is 33-78.

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change in Sleep Efficiency-measured With PSQI

    Sleep efficiency refers the ratio of time spent asleep to the amount of time spent in bed. Sleep efficiency will be subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, an instrument used to calculate self-reported sleep duration, sleep efficiency sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and global sleep quality. Items 1 (bed time), 3 (wake time) are used to determine time-in-bed (the difference between Q1 and Q3). Q4 is time asleep while in bed. Sleep efficiency= (time asleep/time in bed) \* 100 For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 3 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change in Sleep Quality

    Sleep Quality was subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, an instrument used to calculate self-reported sleep duration, sleep efficiency sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and global sleep quality. The 19 self-rated items are calculated to provide a global score of sleep quality ranging from 0-21, with "0" indicating no difficulty, and "21" indicating severe difficulty in all areas. For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 3 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change in Sleep Efficiency-measured With Actigraphy

    Sleep efficiency refers the ratio of time spent asleep to the amount of time spent in bed. Sleep efficiency was objectively measured using actigraphy, a method of inferring sleep from the presence or absence of wrist movement. Participants wore the Respironics Minimitter Actiwatch AW2, a wrist-worn actigraph, to elicit objective sleep efficiency for a two week period. Participants also completed a daily diary (lights out/on, times/purpose of removal, hypnotic use) for use in interpretation of actigraphy data. Sleep efficiency=(time asleep/time in bed) \* 100 For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 3 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change From Baseline in Fatigue

    The symptom of fatigue was measured with the PROMIS Item Bank v1.0 - Fatigue - Short Form 8a. The instrument measures a range of symptoms of fatigue from mild tiredness to exhaustion that may interfere with the performance of daily activities. The instrument uses a 7-day time frame and a 5-point rating scale that ranges from 1 ("Not at all") to 5 ("Very much"). The measure uses a T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population (the general population) and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of the population. Higher scores mean more fatigue. To find the total raw score we summed the values of the response to each question. The lowest possible raw score is 8; the highest possible raw score is 40. We used the score conversion table to translate the total raw score into a T-score for each participant. The T-scores are interpreted as follows: Less than 55 = None to slight 55.0-59.9 = Mild 60.0-69.9 = Moderate 70 and over = Severe. The range of scores is 33-78.

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

  • Change From Baseline in Insomnia Severity

    Insomnia severity will be measured with the Insomnia Severity Index, a brief self-report instrument measuring patients' perception of their insomnia. The instrument includes 7 items assessing the severity of sleep onset and sleep maintenance difficulties, satisfaction with current sleep pattern, interference with daily functioning, noticeability of impairment attributed to the sleep problem, and degree of distress or concern caused by the sleep problem. Each item is rated on a 0-4 scale (4 indicates greater severity) with a total score ranging from 0 to 28. Scores are categorized as not clinically significant, sub-threshold insomnia, moderate insomnia or severe insomnia. For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 6 and 12 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

  • Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality

    Sleep Quality was subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, an instrument used to calculate self-reported sleep duration, sleep efficiency sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and global sleep quality. The 19 self-rated items are calculated to provide a global score ranging from 0-21, with "0" indicating no difficulty, and "21" indicating severe difficulty in all areas. For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 6 and 12 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

  • Change From Baseline in Sleep Efficiency Measured With PSQI (%)

    Sleep efficiency refers the ratio of time spent asleep to the amount of time spent in bed. Sleep efficiency will be subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, an instrument used to calculate self-reported sleep duration, sleep efficiency sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and global sleep quality. Items 1 (bed time), 3 (wake time) are used to determine time-in-bed (the difference between Q1 and Q3). Q4 is time asleep while in bed. Sleep efficiency= (time asleep/time in bed) \* 100 For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 6 and 12 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 6 months to 12 months

  • Change From Baseline in Sleep Efficiency Measured With Actigraphy

    Sleep efficiency refers the ratio of time spent asleep to the amount of time spent in bed. Sleep efficiency was objectively measured using actigraphy, a method of inferring sleep from the presence or absence of wrist movement. Participants wore the Respironics Minimitter Actiwatch AW2, a wrist-worn actigraph, to elicit objective sleep efficiency for a two week period. Participants also completed a daily diary (lights out/on, times/purpose of removal, hypnotic use) for use in interpretation of actigraphy data. Sleep efficiency=(time asleep/time in bed) \* 100 For clarification, when results were entered, the outcome measure title was edited to include "change in" and the time frame was changed to Baseline to 6 and 12 months. When registered, the original time frame did not accurately portray the amount of time in which follow up data were collected.

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

Secondary Outcomes (21)

  • Change in Sleep Duration

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change From Baseline in Sleep Duration

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

  • Change in Anxiety Symptoms

    Baseline to 3 months

  • Change From Baseline in Anxiety Symptoms

    Baseline to 6 months and 12 months

  • Change in Depressive Symptoms

    Baseline to 3 months

  • +16 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

EXPERIMENTAL

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) will be provided in a group format, led by an interventionist. CBT-I includes strategies for modifying thoughts and behaviors about sleep. Participants will be instructed on and practice methods for modifying their thoughts and behaviors about sleep and insomnia. Participants will participate in four sessions, conducted every other week for 8 weeks. They will receive a call from the interventionist on intervening weeks.

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia

Heart Failure Self-Management Education

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Heart Failure Self-management education is an intervention that will be provided by a nurse in a group format. This includes standard components, such as education about fluid and sodium management, heart failure medications, diet and physical activity. Participants will participate in four sessions, conducted every other week for 8 weeks. They will receive a call from the interventionist on intervening weeks.

Behavioral: Self-Management Education for Heart Failure

Interventions

This behavioral intervention includes strategies for modifying thoughts, cognitions and behaviors regarding sleep provided by a therapist in a group format.

Also known as: Self-management for insomnia
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

This is an educational education designed to teach patients about self-management their heart failure. It includes information on medications, lifestyle, cardiac devices, diet, and when to seek assistance from a health care provider.

Heart Failure Self-Management Education

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • stable chronic heart failure, chronic insomnia, English speaking/reading,

You may not qualify if:

  • untreated sleep disordered breathing or restless legs syndrome, rotating/night shift work, active illicit drug use, bipolar disorder, neuromuscular conditions affecting the non-dominant arm end-stage renal failure, significant cognitive impairment, unstable medical or psychiatric disorders

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Yale University School of Nursing

West Haven, Connecticut, 06516-7399, United States

Location

Related Publications (8)

  • O'Connell M, Feder SL, Nwanaji-Enwerem U, Redeker NS. Focus Group Study of Heart Failure Nurses' Perceptions of the Feasibility of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia. Nurs Res. 2024 Mar-Apr 01;73(2):109-117. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000706. Epub 2023 Nov 9.

  • Jeon S, Conley S, Hollenbeak C, O'Connell M, Wang Z, Tocchi C, Redeker NS. Rest-activity rhythms predict time to hospitalizations and emergency department visits among participants in a randomized control of adults with heart failure and insomnia. Sleep Med. 2023 Aug;108:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.05.019. Epub 2023 May 27.

  • Redeker NS, Conley S, O'Connell M, Geer JH, Yaggi H, Jeon S. Sleep-related predictors of cognition among adults with chronic insomnia and heart failure enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023 Jun 1;19(6):1073-1081. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.10498.

  • O'Connell M, DeSanto Iennaco J, Linsky S, Jeon S, Conley S, Gaiser E 3rd, Redeker NS. Treatment Fidelity in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Heart Failure. Nurs Res. 2022 Nov-Dec 01;71(6):459-468. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000616. Epub 2022 Aug 20.

  • O'Connell M, Jeon S, Conley S, Linsky S, Redeker NS. Coping, symptoms, and insomnia among people with heart failure during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2023 Apr 12;22(3):291-298. doi: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac072.

  • Breazeale S, Jeon S, Hwang Y, O'Connell M, Nwanaji-Enwerem U, Linsky S, Yaggi HK, Jacoby DL, Conley S, Redeker NS. Sleep Characteristics, Mood, Somatic Symptoms, and Self-Care Among People With Heart Failure and Insomnia. Nurs Res. 2022 May-Jun 01;71(3):189-199. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000585.

  • Redeker NS, Yaggi HK, Jacoby D, Hollenbeak CS, Breazeale S, Conley S, Hwang Y, Iennaco J, Linsky S, Nwanaji-Enwerem U, O'Connell M, Jeon S. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia has sustained effects on insomnia, fatigue, and function among people with chronic heart failure and insomnia: the HeartSleep Study. Sleep. 2022 Jan 11;45(1):zsab252. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab252.

  • Redeker NS, Knies AK, Hollenbeak C, Klar Yaggi H, Cline J, Andrews L, Jacoby D, Sullivan A, O'Connell M, Iennaco J, Finoia L, Jeon S. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in stable heart failure: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2017 Apr;55:16-23. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.01.009. Epub 2017 Jan 31.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Heart FailureSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersFatiguePainDepressionSleep Wake DisordersAnxiety DisordersHeart Diseases

Interventions

Cognitive Behavioral TherapySelf-Management

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Cardiovascular DiseasesSleep Disorders, IntrinsicDyssomniasNervous System DiseasesMental DisordersSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsNeurologic ManifestationsBehavioral SymptomsBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior TherapyPsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesRehabilitationHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and Services

Results Point of Contact

Title
Meghan O'Connell, Program Manager
Organization
University of Connecticut/formerly Yale University

Study Officials

  • Nancy S Redeker, PhD

    Yale University School of Nursing

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 14, 2016

First Posted

January 21, 2016

Study Start

March 7, 2016

Primary Completion

August 1, 2020

Study Completion

November 30, 2021

Last Updated

February 9, 2023

Results First Posted

February 9, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-01

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

We will make the data collected for the primary study aims (participant demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment group assignment and primary study outcomes (insomnia severity, sleep quality, actigraph-recorded sleep characteristics), daytime symptoms, and functional performance. We will also make the health care utilization/cost data available.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
The data will be made available starting in January 2025
Access Criteria
Access to the data can be requested through contact with the principal investigators, Nancy S. Redeker, PhD, RN, FAHA, FAAN Nancy.redeker@yale.edu

Locations