NCT02651883

Brief Summary

This study will investigate whether cervical cancer screening completion among under-screened women could be improved by offering HPV (human papillomavirus) testing by at-home self-collection followed by screening invitation compared to screening invitation alone.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
665

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2016

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 4, 2016

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 11, 2016

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 1, 2016

Completed
4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 10, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 10, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

December 2, 2022

Status Verified

December 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

4 years

First QC Date

January 4, 2016

Last Update Submit

December 1, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

Cervical cancer screeningHPV testingSelf-collection

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Percent of participants that complete cervical cancer screening

    Completion of cervical cancer screening is defined as (a) testing HPV negative by self-collection, or (b) completing in-clinic screening by i. HPV/Pap co-testing or ii. Pap smear alone.

    Six months after enrollment

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Levels of risk appraisal with regards to cervical cancer and screening

    1-5 weeks after completion of self-collection or screening invitation

  • Costs to payers

    Throughout data collection period (average of 6 months per participant, approximately 3.5 years of study implementation)

  • Level of intention to complete cervical cancer screening

    1-5 weeks after completion of self-collection or screening invitation

  • Level of self-efficacy to complete cervical cancer screening

    1-5 weeks after completion of self-collection or screening invitation

  • Percentage of participants who schedule a clinic appointment to get cervical cancer screening

    1-5 weeks after completion of self-collection or screening invitation

Other Outcomes (7)

  • Percentage of participants achieving primary outcome in different demographic categories

    Throughout data collection period (average of 6 months per participant, approximately 3.5 years of study implementation)

  • Prevalence of HPV mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) detection in self- and clinic-collected samples, abnormal cytology detected in clinic samples, and high-grade lesions (CIN2+) as detected in follow-up colposcopy screening (as indicated)

    Throughout data collection period (average of 6 months per participant, approximately 3.5 years of study implementation)

  • Percentage of patients referred to and completing colposcopy

    Throughout data collection period (average of 6 months per participant, approximately 3.5 years of study implementation)

  • +4 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Screening invitation (with education)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will receive a phone call providing (i) education on cervical cancer, and (ii) assistance scheduling an appointment for free cervical cancer screening at a study-affiliated clinic.

Behavioral: Screening invitation (with education)

Self-collection for HPV testing

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the intervention arm will receive a kit to self-collect a sample and return it for HPV testing. Participants will then receive a phone call providing their HPV results plus (i) education on cervical cancer, and (ii) assistance scheduling an appointment for free cervical cancer screening at a study-affiliated clinic, if desired.

Behavioral: Screening invitation (with education)Behavioral: Self-collection for HPV testing

Interventions

The participant will be provided with brief education about the importance and effectiveness of cervical cancer screening, and invited to schedule an appointment for a free in-clinic screening

Also known as: Screening recall, Client reminder
Screening invitation (with education)Self-collection for HPV testing

Participant is provided with a kit to take a self-collected sample at home and return it by mail for HPV testing. Results are provided to participant by phone.

Also known as: Self-testing, Self-sampling
Self-collection for HPV testing

Eligibility Criteria

Age25 Years - 64 Years
Sexfemale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Female
  • Aged 25 to 64 years old
  • Living at ≤250% of the federal poverty line
  • Eligible to receive cervical cancer screening from a study-associated clinic
  • Resides within the same or bordering county of a study-associated clinic

You may not qualify if:

  • Completion of cervical Pap screening in preceding 4 years
  • Completion of HPV testing in preceding 6 years
  • Pregnant
  • History of hysterectomy
  • Private insurance
  • Unable to provide informed consent

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States

Location

Related Publications (6)

  • Ganguly AP, Pretsch PK, Brewer NT, Spees LP, Hudgens MG, Sanusi B, Barclay L, Carter A, Wheeler SB, Smith JS. Streamlined Self-Collection Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Human Papillomavirus: A Single-Group Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2026 Jan 2;9(1):e2551345. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.51345.

  • Broshkevitch CJ, Pretsch PK, Spees LP, Wheeler SB, Sanusi B, Des Marais A, Barclay L, Carter A, Hudgens MG, Brewer NT, Smith JS. Underscreened Women's Reactions to At-Home Self-Collected Human Papillomavirus Test Result Delivery. Sex Transm Dis. 2026 Feb 1;53(2):109-115. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002256. Epub 2025 Oct 21.

  • Bukowski A, Smith JS, Wheeler SB, Sanusi B, McGuire FH, Zeno E, Des Marais AC, Barclay L, Hudgens MG, Jackson S, Brewer NT. Cervical Cancer Screening Knowledge, Perceptions, and Behaviors in a Multiracial Cohort of Low-Income, Underscreened Women in North Carolina. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2023 Sep;32(9):970-981. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0412. Epub 2023 Jun 16.

  • Pretsch PK, Spees LP, Brewer NT, Hudgens MG, Sanusi B, Rohner E, Miller E, Jackson SL, Barclay L, Carter A, Wheeler SB, Smith JS. Effect of HPV self-collection kits on cervical cancer screening uptake among under-screened women from low-income US backgrounds (MBMT-3): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Public Health. 2023 Jun;8(6):e411-e421. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00076-2. Epub 2023 May 11.

  • Biddell CB, Spees LP, Smith JS, Brewer NT, Des Marais AC, Sanusi BO, Hudgens MG, Barclay L, Jackson S, Kent EE, Wheeler SB. Perceived Financial Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Cost Burden Among Low-Income, Under-Screened Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021 Sep;30(9):1243-1252. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8807. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

  • Spees LP, Des Marais AC, Wheeler SB, Hudgens MG, Doughty S, Brewer NT, Smith JS. Impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection on subsequent cervical cancer screening completion among under-screened US women: MyBodyMyTest-3 protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2019 Dec 27;20(1):788. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3959-2.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Interventions

Self-Testing

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Uterine NeoplasmsGenital Neoplasms, FemaleUrogenital NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsUterine Cervical DiseasesUterine DiseasesGenital Diseases, FemaleFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesGenital Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Self CareTherapeutics

Study Officials

  • Jennifer S Smith, PhD

    UNC Chapel Hill

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
SCREENING
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 4, 2016

First Posted

January 11, 2016

Study Start

April 1, 2016

Primary Completion

April 10, 2020

Study Completion

April 10, 2020

Last Updated

December 2, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations