Messages for Increasing Dairy Consumption

NCT02586467 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: H12-00332
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 732
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Over 35,000 Canadians, 65% of men and 72% of women aged 31-50 years fail to consume the recommended number of milk and milk product servings (≤2 servings per day). Given the wide range of health benefits associated with increased dietary intake of milk and milk products the objectives of this study were to conduct a prospective, 5-arm randomised controlled trial in order to test the effectiveness of a variety of messages for increasing milk and milk product consumption in men and women aged 30-50 years old. The five arms consisted of 4 messages that contained slightly different content specifically: 1) gain-framed message condition, 2) loss-framed message condition, 3) self-regulatory efficacy-enhancing message condition, 4) gain-framed and self-regulatory efficacy-enhancing message condition and 5) loss-framed plus self-regulatory efficacy-enhancing message condition. It was hypothesised that those who receive self-regulatory efficacy-enhancing information would consume more dairy than those who received messages without such information. Second, those who received gain-framed messages would consume more dairy as compared to those who received loss-framed messages. Third, those who received gain-framed messages that include self-regulatory efficacy-enhancing information would consume the most dairy in comparison to the other four conditions.

Conditions

Dietary Modification

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Changes from baseline in calcium from dairy at 1 and 4-week follow up

  Calcium consumed from dairy was assessed using a modified version of the "Calcium Calculator™" developed by the British Columbia Dairy Foundation. The original tool assesses consumption of calcium from a comprehensive list of 30 commonly consumed calcium containing products. For this study individuals were asked to indicate the portions they ate of 10 dairy products included in the list. An explanation of a portion was provided for each item. Milligrams of calcium consumed by participants on the previous day was determined for baseline, week 1 and week 4 follow-up.

  Baseline, 1-week follow-up, 4-week follow-up

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Self-Regulatory Efficacy

  Baseline, Immedately after the Intervention (1-day), 4-Week Follow-Up

• Outcome Expectations

  Baseline, Immedately after the Intervention (1-day), 4-Week Follow-Up

• Outcome Values

  Baseline, Immedately after the Intervention (1-day), 4-Week Follow-Up

Study Arms (5)

Gain-Framed

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive messages that highlight the potential benefits of engaging in a specific behaviour (i.e., what positive outcomes they could experience from consuming milk and milk products).

Behavioral: Gain-Framed

Loss-Framed

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive messages that highlight the potentially loses of not engaging in a specific behaviour (i.e., what they could lose from not consuming milk and milk products).

Behavioral: Loss-Framed

Self-Regulatory Efficacy

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive messages that provide them with tips and strategies on how to engage in the consumption of milk and milk products (i.e., recipes, meal planning etc.)

Behavioral: Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Gain-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive messages that highlight the potential benefits of engaging in a specific behaviour (i.e., what positive outcomes they could experience from consuming milk and milk products) and these messages also provide tips and strategies on how to engage in the consumption of milk and milk products (i.e., recipes, meal planning etc.).

Behavioral: Gain-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Loss-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive messages that highlight the potentially loses of not engaging in a specific behaviour (i.e., what they could lose from not consuming milk and milk products) and these messages also provide tips and strategies on how to engage in the consumption of milk and milk products (i.e., recipes, meal planning etc.).

Behavioral: Loss-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Interventions

Gain-Framed BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be randomised to one of five message conditions. Each condition will receive a total of four emailed messages on four consecutive days (i.e., 1 message per day). Participants in the Gain-Framed message condition will receive message content that highlights the potential benefits of consuming milk and milk products (i.e., high protein content, stronger hair and nail etc.)

Gain-Framed

Loss-Framed BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be randomised to one of five message conditions. Each condition will receive a total of four emailed messages on four consecutive days (i.e., 1 message per day). Participants in the Loss-Framed message condition will receive message content that highlights the potential losses of not consuming milk and milk products (i.e., lack of essential nutrients, less calcium).

Loss-Framed

Self-Regulatory Efficacy BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be randomised to one of five message conditions. Each condition will receive a total of four emailed messages on four consecutive days (i.e., 1 message per day). Participants in the Self-Regulatory Efficacy message condition will receive information pertaining to how to include milk and milk products within their diet. This information will come in the form of recipes, meal planning, food combining etc.

Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Gain-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be randomised to one of five message conditions. Each condition will receive a total of four emailed messages on four consecutive days (i.e., 1 message per day). Participants in the Gain-Framed message + Self-Regulatory Efficacy condition will receive message content that highlights the potential benefits of consuming milk and milk products (i.e., high protein content, stronger hair and nail etc.) and information pertaining to how to include milk and milk products within their diet.

Gain-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Loss-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be randomised to one of five message conditions. Each condition will receive a total of four emailed messages on four consecutive days (i.e., 1 message per day). Participants in the Loss-Framed message + Self-Regulatory Efficacy condition will receive message content that highlights the potential losses of not consuming milk and milk products (i.e., lack of essential nutrients, less calcium) and information pertaining to how to include milk and milk products within their diet.

Loss-Framed + Self-Regulatory Efficacy

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 30 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Between 30 and 50 years of age
• Consume less than 2 servings of milk or milk products per day
• No health or religious reasons to avoid milk and milk products
• Regular access to the internet
• Can speak and read English

You may not qualify if:

• Dietary restrictions, allergies, or medical reasons for limiting dairy intake will be excluded

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of British Columbia: lead

Study Sites (1)

Health and Exercise Psychology Laboratory

Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7, Canada

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Tversky A, Kahneman D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):453-8. doi: 10.1126/science.7455683.

  PMID: 7455683 BACKGROUND

• Jung ME, Martin Ginis KA, Phillips SM, Lordon CD. Increasing calcium intake in young women through gain-framed, targeted messages: a randomised controlled trial. Psychol Health. 2011 May;26(5):531-47. doi: 10.1080/08870441003611544.

  PMID: 21557134 BACKGROUND

• Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. NJ US: Prentice-Hall, Inc; 1986.

  BACKGROUND

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: October 20, 2015
• First Posted: October 26, 2015
• Study Start: August 1, 2013
• Primary Completion: November 1, 2013
• Study Completion: November 1, 2013
• Last Updated: October 26, 2015

Record last verified: 2015-10

Locations

CA (1)