Should I Continue Taking My Acid Reflux Medication? Development and Pilot Testing of a Patient Decision Aid

NCT02558049 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 4393
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 12
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 3

Brief Summary

BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) treat problems such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In many patients with mild or moderate GERD, PPIs should be used for 1-2 months but are often continued longer unnecessarily. This is a problem because PPIs may cause harm when used long-term. PPI use is associated with severe C. difficile infections, fractures and pneumonia. Canada's public drug programs spent $247 million on PPIs in 2012 (not including Quebec or PEI). Due to concerns with long-term PPI use, patients may face the decision to continue their PPI, use a lower dose or stop and use on-demand (only when symptoms return). This decision should be made collaboratively between patients and clinicians, though patients tend to have a poor understanding of when reducing a drug is appropriate. Using a lower dose or using on-demand may be viewed as difficult because of the chance of symptoms returning. Patient decision aids (PDAs) inform patients on benefits and risks of treatment options and improve ability to make informed decisions and clarify values. OBJECTIVES: Develop a PDA to help patients with the decision to continue PPI or stop and use on-demand/use a lower dose. Evaluate whether: 1) the PDA changes patient preference to continue or stop and use on-demand/use a lower dose of PPI 2) the PDA improves patient knowledge and realistic expectations 3) patients and pharmacists feel they made a shared decision 4) there is a change in PPI prescribing 8 weeks post-PDA and 5) patients' choices match up with their values. METHODOLOGY: The PDA will be developed by a team of doctors, pharmacists and patients. It will be delivered during a visit with a pharmacist. Patients (n=54) will indicate which choice they prefer (continue PPI/stop or use lower dose) before and after going through the PDA. We will use Mcnemar's test to compare the number of patients preferring to continue their PPI before and after. We will evaluate whether there is a difference in knowledge test scores and expectations test scores before and after the PDA. After the PDA, we will ask patients and pharmacists to rate the extent to which shared decision making occurred and measure the agreement. Values/choice congruence will be evaluated using logistic regression. Eight weeks after patients have received the PDA, we will look at whether there is any reduction in PPI use.

Conditions

Proton Pump Inhibitors; Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Keywords

Patient decision aid

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Decision preference (continue PPI or stop and use on-demand/use a lower dose)

  Difference in proportion of patients preferring to continue PPI therapy before and after PDA assessed using Mcnemar's test. The choice to continue will be the composite of patients wishing to continue and those unsure (since patients who are unsure would continue on PPI). We plan to conduct subgroup analysis based on decisional conflict at baseline for the primary outcome and secondary outcomes. Our subgroups will be (i) patients who are confident in their choice at baseline (SURE test score of 4) and (ii) patients who are not confident in their choice at baseline (SURE test score \<4). The decision preference will be assessed at a single visit (before the PDA is delivered and right after).

  Single visit - immediately before decision aid delivered (baseline), immediately after decision aid delivered (15 minutes)

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Change in Knowledge

  Single visit - immediately before decision aid delivered (baseline), immediately after decision aid delivered (15 minutes)

• Change in Realistic expectations

  Single visit - immediately before decision aid delivered (baseline), immediately after decision aid delivered (15 minutes)

• Values/choice congruence

  Single visit - after decision aid is delivered (15 minutes)

• Agreement in rating of extent of shared decision-making

  Single visit - immediately after decision aid is delivered (15 minutes)

• Change in Decisional conflict (SURE test)

  Single visit - immediately before decision aid delivered (baseline), immediately after decision aid delivered (15 minutes)

Study Arms (1)

Decision aid

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients will receive the patient decision aid during a 15 minute consultation with a clinical pharmacist.

Other: Decision aid

Interventions

Decision aid OTHER

Participants will receive a patient decision aid which outlines the potential benefits and harms of proton pump inhibitor use, as well as the potential benefits and harms of switching to a lower dose of PPI or stopping and using on-demand (only when symptoms occur). The decision aid also allows participants to clarify their values regarding these potential benefits and harms.

Decision aid

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Taking PPI for greater than or equal to 4 weeks, no current symptoms, taking PPI for mild to moderate upper GI symptoms (mild to moderate gastroesophageal reflux disease, grade A/B esophagitis)

You may not qualify if:

• Severe esophagitis (grade C/D), severe GERD or upper GI symptoms, currently experiencing upper GI symptoms, taking PPI for gastroprotection due to NSAID therapy (at moderate or high risk of GI bleed), history of Barrett's esophagus, history of bleeding peptic ulcer, taking PPI for treatment of current ulcer not healed

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Ottawa: lead

Study Sites (3)

Elisabeth Bruyere Hospital

Ottawa, Ontario, K1N5C8, Canada

Location

Melrose FHT

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Location

Rideau FHT

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Location

Related Publications (12)

• Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Mar;108(3):308-28; quiz 329. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2012.444. Epub 2013 Feb 19. No abstract available.

  PMID: 23419381 BACKGROUND

• Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC. Peptic ulcer disease. Am Fam Physician. 2007 Oct 1;76(7):1005-12.

  PMID: 17956071 BACKGROUND

• Leri F, Ayzenberg M, Voyce SJ, Klein A, Hartz L, Smego RA Jr. Four-year trends of inappropriate proton pump inhibitor use after hospital discharge. South Med J. 2013 Apr;106(4):270-3. doi: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31828db01f.

  PMID: 23558416 BACKGROUND

• Kwok CS, Arthur AK, Anibueze CI, Singh S, Cavallazzi R, Loke YK. Risk of Clostridium difficile infection with acid suppressing drugs and antibiotics: meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012 Jul;107(7):1011-9. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2012.108. Epub 2012 Apr 24.

  PMID: 22525304 BACKGROUND

• Yu EW, Bauer SR, Bain PA, Bauer DC. Proton pump inhibitors and risk of fractures: a meta-analysis of 11 international studies. Am J Med. 2011 Jun;124(6):519-26. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.01.007.

  PMID: 21605729 BACKGROUND

• Spijker-Huiges A, Winters JC, Meyboom-De Jong B. Patients' views on dyspepsia and acid suppressant drug therapy in general practice. Eur J Gen Pract. 2006;12(1):10-4. doi: 10.1080/13814780600757120.

  PMID: 16945866 BACKGROUND

• Reeve E, To J, Hendrix I, Shakib S, Roberts MS, Wiese MD. Patient barriers to and enablers of deprescribing: a systematic review. Drugs Aging. 2013 Oct;30(10):793-807. doi: 10.1007/s40266-013-0106-8.

  PMID: 23912674 BACKGROUND

• Coulter A, Stilwell D, Kryworuchko J, Mullen PD, Ng CJ, van der Weijden T. A systematic development process for patient decision aids. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2013;13 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S2. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-S2-S2. Epub 2013 Nov 29.

  PMID: 24625093 BACKGROUND

• Durand MA, Witt J, Joseph-Williams N, Newcombe RG, Politi MC, Sivell S, Elwyn G. Minimum standards for the certification of patient decision support interventions: feasibility and application. Patient Educ Couns. 2015 Apr;98(4):462-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.12.009. Epub 2014 Dec 31.

  PMID: 25577469 BACKGROUND

• Legare F, Turcotte S, Stacey D, Ratte S, Kryworuchko J, Graham ID. Patients' perceptions of sharing in decisions: a systematic review of interventions to enhance shared decision making in routine clinical practice. Patient. 2012;5(1):1-19. doi: 10.2165/11592180-000000000-00000.

  PMID: 22276987 BACKGROUND

• Lachenbruch PA. On the sample size for studies based upon McNemar's test. Stat Med. 1992 Aug;11(11):1521-5. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780111110.

  PMID: 1410964 BACKGROUND

• Janz NK, Wren PA, Copeland LA, Lowery JC, Goldfarb SL, Wilkins EG. Patient-physician concordance: preferences, perceptions, and factors influencing the breast cancer surgical decision. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Aug 1;22(15):3091-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2004.09.069.

  PMID: 15284259 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• Decision Aid Toolkit

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Gastroesophageal Reflux

Interventions

Decision Support Techniques

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Esophageal Motility Disorders; Deglutition Disorders; Esophageal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Digestive System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Investigative Techniques

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: MSc student

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 17, 2015
• First Posted: September 23, 2015
• Study Start: November 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2016
• Study Completion: December 1, 2016
• Last Updated: May 3, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-05

Locations

CA (3)