NCT02369445

Brief Summary

The purpose of this pilot study is to compare an innovative toilet training strategy with a standard behavioral intervention in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as implemented by teachers in the school setting. Thirty classrooms with a total of 60 children with ASD (aged 3 - 10 years) will be enrolled in the study. Each classroom will be randomly assigned to either the innovative strategy group or the standard behavioral group. The innovative strategy employs an electronic moisture pager that sends a signal when the child begins having a urine accident. Outcome measures include rate of urine accidents and rate of toilet use in the two groups.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
60

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Sep 2014

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

3 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 1, 2014

Completed
6 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 16, 2015

Completed
8 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 24, 2015

Completed
3.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 1, 2018

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 1, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

November 21, 2018

Status Verified

October 1, 2017

Enrollment Period

3.8 years

First QC Date

February 16, 2015

Last Update Submit

November 19, 2018

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Teacher Satisfaction with Toilet Training Experience (teacher satisfaction survey)

    A teacher satisfaction survey will be completed by each participating teacher following implementation of the intervention for 60 consecutive school days.

    60 Consecutive School Days

  • Number of Toileting Accidents/Day and Number of Successful Toilet Use for Urination/Day at End of Treatment (Toileting Data Logs)

    Toileting Data Logs will be completed by participating teachers during 3 consecutive days immediately prior to each of 4 visits with study personnel for both groups.

    60 Consecutive School Days

  • Number of Toileting Accidents/Day and Number of Successful Toilet Use (3-Month Follow-Up) (Toileting Data Logs)

    Toileting Data Logs will be completed by participating teachers during 3 consecutive days immediately prior to a follow-up appointment at 3-months following close of intervention for both groups.

    Collected 3 Calendar Months After End of Intervention

Study Arms (2)

Moisture Pager (MP) Intervention Group

EXPERIMENTAL

This group receives the innovative toilet training intervention comprised of a wireless moisture pager (i.e., an app based on an iPod that "communicates" via electronic signal with a disposable moisture sensor located in the child's underwear).

Behavioral: Moisture Pager Intervention for Toilet Training

Standard Behavioral Intervention Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This group receives standard-of-care intervention as presented in the Autism Treatment Network's Toilet Training Tool Kit (https://www.autismspeaks.org/site-wide/atn-tool-kits).

Behavioral: Standard of Care

Interventions

Moisture Pager (MP) Intervention Group
Standard Behavioral Intervention Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age3 Years - 10 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • ASD diagnosis confirmed through administration of the ADOS-2,
  • status consistent with DSM-5 diagnosis of primary daytime enuresis, with the exception of DSM-5 criterion that child is at least 5 years old, confirmed by the K-SADS,
  • a positive determination of readiness for toilet training, as determined through a Toileting Readiness Checklist, developed through a review of relevant literature on toilet training children with ASD (with 4 out of 7 signs in the checklist, with 3 of these criteria required),
  • not on medication or stable for the past three months with no anticipated changes during the three-month intervention period, and
  • consent from participating teachers and parents.

You may not qualify if:

  • medical conditions that would interfere with toilet training procedures and are not well controlled (e.g., diabetes, urinary tract infection, or seizures),
  • physical disorder that may contribute to incontinence (e.g., physical disabilities, chronic constipation) and
  • medication for enuresis.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (3)

University of Rochester Medical Center

Rochester, New York, 14642, United States

Location

Nationwide Children's Hospital

Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States

Location

Whitney Loring

Nashville, Tennessee, 37235, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Autistic DisorderEnuresis

Interventions

Standard of Care

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Autism Spectrum DisorderChild Development Disorders, PervasiveNeurodevelopmental DisordersMental DisordersUrination DisordersUrologic DiseasesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesBehavioral SymptomsBehaviorElimination Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Quality Indicators, Health CareQuality of Health CareHealth Services AdministrationHealth Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation

Study Officials

  • Daniel W Mruzek, PhD

    University of Rochester

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 16, 2015

First Posted

February 24, 2015

Study Start

September 1, 2014

Primary Completion

June 1, 2018

Study Completion

June 1, 2018

Last Updated

November 21, 2018

Record last verified: 2017-10

Locations