NCT02361944

Brief Summary

The investigators will recruit and randomize 200 elective cardiac surgery patients to receive physiologic oxygenation (normoxia) or hyper-oxygenation (hyperoxia) during surgery to test the hypothesis that intraoperative physiologic oxygenation decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and postoperative organ injury compared to hyper-oxygenation.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
213

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2016

Longer than P75 for phase_2

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 30, 2015

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 12, 2015

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 5, 2016

Completed
4.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

October 8, 2020

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 8, 2021

Completed
2.6 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

August 14, 2023

Completed
Last Updated

February 1, 2024

Status Verified

January 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

4.5 years

First QC Date

January 30, 2015

Results QC Date

July 19, 2023

Last Update Submit

January 30, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

oxygenhyperoxiareactive oxygen speciesoxidative stressoxidative damageendothelial functionvascular reactivitymitochondrial functionsurgeryanesthesiakidney injuryrenal failuredeliriummyocardial injuryarrythmia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Intraoperative Systemic Oxidative Damage

    quantified by measuring F2-isoprostanes isofurans following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass or completion of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

    separation from cardiopulmonary bypass or completion of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (approximately 3-5 hours into surgery and intervention)

  • Acute Kidney Injury

    quantified by change in serum creatinine concentration

    baseline to postoperative day 2

Secondary Outcomes (31)

  • Vascular Reactivity / Endothelial Function (as Measured by Flow Mediated Dilation)

    ICU admission (immediately after arrival in ICU from operating room)

  • Mitochondrial Function

    up to 2 days following surgery

  • Number of People With Arrhythmia

    from surgery to hospital discharge, average of 6 days following surgery

  • Myocardial Injury or Infarction

    morning of postoperative day 1

  • Number of People With Stroke

    from surgery to hospital discharge, average of 6 days following surgery

  • +26 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Normoxia

EXPERIMENTAL

Oxygen administration to maintain a hemoglobin oxygen saturation of 95-97% or arterial PaO2 80-110 mmHg during surgery.

Drug: Oxygen - normoxia

Hyperoxia

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Fraction of inspired oxygen 1.0 during mechanical ventilation and 0.8 during cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery.

Drug: Oxygen - hyperoxia

Interventions

Titration of FIO2 to maintain normal hemoglobin oxygen saturation (95-97%)

Also known as: oxygen
Normoxia

Administration of 1.0 FIO2 during ventilation and 0.8 or above during cardiopulmonary bypass

Also known as: oxygen
Hyperoxia

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Open-heart cardiac surgery, defined as surgery on the heart or aorta that requires sternotomy or thoracotomy.

You may not qualify if:

  • Current acute coronary syndrome (defined as ST elevation myocardial infarction or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (troponin leak within 72 hours of surgery or consent +/- EKG changes consistent with myocardial ischemia)).
  • Home supplemental oxygen use.
  • Preoperative supplemental oxygen requirement to maintain arterial O2 sat of 92%.
  • Right to left intracardiac shunt including atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect with Cor Pulmonale.
  • Carotid stenosis defined as \>50% stenosis.
  • Cardiac surgery that requires intraoperative circulatory arrest, such as aortic arch replacement.
  • Current use of hemo- or peritoneal dialysis.
  • Pregnancy

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Nashville, Tennessee, 37212, United States

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • Lopez MG, Pandey AK, Hennessy C, Hughes CG, Absi TS, Shah AS, Shotwell MS, Harrison DG, Billings FT 4th; ROCS Trial Investigators. Effects of Oxygen on Perioperative Vascular Function: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Aug 5;14(15):e041778. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.125.041778. Epub 2025 Jul 17.

  • Lopez MG, Shotwell MS, Hennessy C, Pretorius M, McIlroy DR, Kimlinger MJ, Mace EH, Absi T, Shah AS, Brown NJ, Billings FT 4th; ROCS trial investigators. Intraoperative Oxygen Treatment, Oxidative Stress, and Organ Injury Following Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Surg. 2024 Oct 1;159(10):1106-1116. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.2906.

  • Lopez MG, Pretorius M, Shotwell MS, Deegan R, Eagle SS, Bennett JM, Sileshi B, Liang Y, Gelfand BJ, Kingeter AJ, Siegrist KK, Lombard FW, Richburg TM, Fornero DA, Shaw AD, Hernandez A, Billings FT 4th. The Risk of Oxygen during Cardiac Surgery (ROCS) trial: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2017 Jun 26;18(1):295. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2021-5.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HyperoxiaRenal InsufficiencyDeliriumArrhythmias, Cardiac

Interventions

Oxygen

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Signs and Symptoms, RespiratorySigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsKidney DiseasesUrologic DiseasesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesConfusionNeurobehavioral ManifestationsNeurologic ManifestationsNervous System DiseasesNeurocognitive DisordersMental DisordersHeart DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesPathologic Processes

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

ChalcogensElementsInorganic ChemicalsGases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Frederic T. BIllings IV
Organization
Vanderbilt University

Study Officials

  • Frederic T. Billings, IV, MD, MSc

    Vanderbilt University Medical Center

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 30, 2015

First Posted

February 12, 2015

Study Start

April 5, 2016

Primary Completion

October 8, 2020

Study Completion

January 8, 2021

Last Updated

February 1, 2024

Results First Posted

August 14, 2023

Record last verified: 2024-01

Locations