Effectiveness of a Program Using Video Games Associated With Conventional Physiotherapy in Physical Functioning in Frail Elderly Compared to Conventional Physiotherapy

NCT02333214 | Unknown DMC

• 1 other identifier: CAAE: 31998714.4.0000.0064
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 82
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Frailty is a highly prevalent condition, reaching approximately 7% to 30% of older adults aged from 65 up to 80 years \[2\]. Although exercises seemed to be beneficial for the frail elders, there is still insufficient evidence to indicate the appropriate modality, frequency and intensity of physical exercises that were able to improve physical functioning in this population \[9\]. The virtual reality (VR) using interactive games (exergames) have generated broad scientific and clinical interest in recent years\[10\]. Studies indicate that older adults can benefit from training with exergames in improving mobility \[12, 13\], lower limb strength \[14\], cognition, particularly executive function \[13\], body balance \[10, 15-18\], reaction time \[12\] and may contribute indirectly to prevent falls \[10, 19, 20\]. But, there is still insufficient evidence to suggest that the use of exergames are superior even to other types of intervention \[21-23\] or in combination with conventional physiotherapy \[24\] The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of adding exercises using interactive videogames (exergames) in improving physical functioning on frail and pre frail older people when compared to conventional physiotherapy. A parallel randomized clinical with a 6 month follow-up period will be conducted with 82 frail community dwelling older adults. Participants randomized to the Experimental Group will be submitted to 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy and 20 minutes of therapy using interactive games Xbox 360 Video Game and Entertainment Microsoft System with Kinect sensor. The Control Group will receive 50 minutes of conventional physiotherapy. Both groups will receive 50 minutes of intervention twice a week for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes will be assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Usual walking speed test and Four Step Square Test in the baseline, 3 and 6 months after that.

Conditions

Frail Elderly

Keywords

Virtual Reality Therapy; Video Game; Physical Exercise; Aged; Frailty

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Change in the Short Physical Performance Battery

  Three batteries of tests covering dimensions: balance, usual walking speed and sit-to-stand test, with scores ranging from zero (worst performance) to 12 points (best performance).

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

• Change in the Usual walking speed test

  The test will be conducted on a flat surface with 8.6 meters free marked by black tape at intervals of two meters, 4,6 meters and two meters and the participant will be instructed to walk at their usual pace using their usual footwear.

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

• Change in the Four Step Square Test

  Assessment of participants balance and their ability to carry out changes in the direction of the step forward, backward, and sideways, surpassing a low obstacle.

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Change in the The timed 5-step test

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

• Change in the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I Brasil)

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

• Change in the Dual task walking speed

  baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months

Study Arms (2)

Exergame + conventional physiotherapy

EXPERIMENTAL

This group will be submitted to 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy and 20 minutes of therapy using interactive games Xbox 360 Video Game and Entertainment Microsoft System with Kinect sensor, intervention twice a week for 12 weeks. Each game has three difficulty levels that can be used according to the performance of each participant. The protocol of conventional physiotherapy will be customized and will include exercises to improve strength and muscle power, flexibility, mobility, balance, and aerobic conditioning exercises. In particular cases, when necessary analgesia will be used to relive pain.

Other: Exergames and conventional physiotherapy

Conventional physiotherapy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The control group will receive 50 minutes of conventional physiotherapy intervention twice a week for 12 weeks. The protocol of conventional physiotherapy will be customized and will include exercises to improve strength and muscle power, flexibility, mobility, balance, and aerobic conditioning exercises. In particular cases, when necessary analgesia will be used to relive pain.

Other: Conventional physiotherapy

Interventions

Exergames and conventional physiotherapy OTHER

The protocol of conventional physiotherapy will be customized and will include exercises to improve strength and muscle power, flexibility, mobility, balance, and aerobic conditioning exercises. In particular cases, when necessary analgesia will be used to relive pain. The progression of the exercises will be individualized according to the treatment plan established in the initial functional assessment and will be target to meet patient's improvement during treatment. Conventional physiotherapy will be conducted in pairs. In this group exercises that are best accomplished using virtual scenarios, such as dual task exercises, anticipatory adjustments exercises and inter limb coordination exercises will be performed using video games.

Also known as: Experimental Group

Exergame + conventional physiotherapy

Conventional physiotherapy OTHER

The protocol of conventional physiotherapy will be customized and will include exercises to improve strength and muscle power, flexibility, mobility, balance, and aerobic conditioning exercises. In particular cases, when necessary analgesia will be used to relive pain. The progression of the exercises will be individualized according to the treatment plan established in the initial functional assessment and will be target to meet patient's improvement during treatment. Conventional physiotherapy will be conducted in pairs. In this group dual task exercises, anticipatory adjustments exercises and inter limb coordination exercises will be performed without the virtual environment.

Also known as: Control Group

Conventional physiotherapy

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Community dwelling older adults without severe cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score adjusted according to the educational level with reference cutoff scores of: 13 points for those who are illiterate, ; 18 points for those with elementary and middle levels, and 26 points for those who have a high level 26), without any physiotherapy intervention for at least three months and classified as frail or pre-frail, according to the phenotype of frailty using Fried et al. criteria:
• Unintentional weight loss of ≥ 5% or ≥ 4.5kg body weight in the previous year.
• Exhaustion assessed by self-reported fatigue, indicated by two questions of the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression: (a) I felt that everything I did was an effort; (b) I could not get going. . Subjects answering "2" or "3" to either of these questions are categorized as frail by the exhaustion criterion.
• Decreased grip strength (kg/force) in the dominant hand adjusted according to sex and body mass index (BMI). The cutoff for grip strength (Kg) criterion for men 2will be: BMI ≤ 24 grip strength ≤ 29; BMI 24,1 - 28 grip strength ≤ 30; BMI \> 28 grip strength ≤ 32. The cutoff for grip strength (Kg) criterion for women will be 2: BMI ≤ 23 - grip strength ≤ 17; BMI 23,1 - 26 grip strength ≤ 17,3; BMI 26,1 - 29 grip strength ≤ 18; BMI \> 29 grip strength ≤ 21.
• Low level of physical activity. Participants will meet the criterion for physical inactivity if, in the last two weeks they did not perform a planned physical activity at least twice a week lasting more than 30 minutes or, if they did not perform planned or unplanned walks lasting for more than 15 minutes at least twice a week or, if they had performed any moderate or vigorous housework activity (\> 2,5 METS) such as: wash or mop the floor, vacuuming, washing windows or wash the car frequently at least 1x a week for 30 minutes.
• Slow walking speed. The time to walk a 4.6 meters path, with two meters for acceleration and two for deceleration, will be measured The velocity for each participant will be recorded. Those with a gait speed equal or less than 0.8 m/s will be considered frail.

You may not qualify if:

• Severe visual impairment that prevents interaction with video games, if they had a localized loss of muscle strength and/or changes in postural tone that impede the execution of safe displacement movements in the standing position, without the aid of another person and, if they present chronic or acute diseases that contra-indicate therapeutic exercises.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo: lead

Study Sites (1)

Universidade Cidade de São Paulo

São Paulo, 08371-110, Brazil

RECRUITING

Related Publications (51)

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MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity; Frailty

Interventions

Exergaming; Control Groups

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior; Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Epidemiologic Research Design; Epidemiologic Methods; Investigative Techniques; Research Design; Methods

Study Officials

• Monica R Perracini, Phd

  Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Monica R Perracini, Phd

CONTACT

mrperracini@unicid.br

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor as Master's and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 22, 2014
• First Posted: January 7, 2015
• Study Start: October 1, 2014
• Primary Completion: October 1, 2018
• Study Completion: December 1, 2018
• Last Updated: November 28, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-11

Locations

BR (1)