The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Adjunct to Insulin Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes
ADJUNCT TWO™
A 26-weeks Randomised, Insulin Capped, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, Parallel Group, Multinational, Multi-centre Trial
5 other identifiers
interventional
835
13 countries
120
Brief Summary
This trial is conducted in Africa, Europe and North America. The purpose of the trial is to investigate the efficacy and safety of liraglutide adjunct to insulin treatment in type 1 diabetes.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for phase_3 diabetes
Started May 2014
Shorter than P25 for phase_3 diabetes
120 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
March 25, 2014
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
March 28, 2014
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
May 1, 2014
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
April 1, 2015
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
April 1, 2015
CompletedResults Posted
Study results publicly available
June 3, 2016
CompletedFebruary 9, 2017
December 1, 2016
11 months
March 25, 2014
April 26, 2016
December 15, 2016
Conditions
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Change From Baseline in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)
Change from baseline in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), after 26 weeks of treatment. Full analysis set (FAS = 831) included all randomised subjects who had received at least one dose and had any post-randomisation data.
Week 0, Week 26
Secondary Outcomes (2)
Change From Baseline in Body Weight
Week 0, Week 26
Number of Treatment-emergent Symptomatic Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Weeks 0-26
Study Arms (6)
Liraglutide 1.8 mg + insulin
EXPERIMENTALLiraglutide 1.2 mg + insulin
EXPERIMENTALLiraglutide 0.6 mg + insulin
EXPERIMENTALLiraglutide placebo 0.3 ml + insulin
PLACEBO COMPARATORLiraglutide placebo 0.2 ml + insulin
PLACEBO COMPARATORLiraglutide placebo 0.1 ml + insulin
PLACEBO COMPARATORInterventions
Subjects randomised to 1.8 mg liraglutide treatment as an add-on to their pre-trial insulin treatment will receive 0.6 mg liraglutide for 2 weeks followed by 1.2 mg liraglutide for 2 weeks. After 4 weeks of treatment subjects will receive 1.8 mg liraglutide for 22 weeks. Administered subcutaneously (s.c., under the skin) once daily.
Subjects randomised to 0.3 mL liraglutide placebo as an add-on to their pre-trial insulin treatment will receive 0.1 mL for 2 weeks followed by 0.2 mL for 2 weeks. After 4 weeks of liraglutide placebo, subjects will receive 0.3 mL for 22 weeks. Administered subcutaneously (s.c., under the skin) once daily.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities. Trial-related activities are any procedures that are carried out as part of the trial, including activities to determine suitability for the trial
- Male or female, aged equal to or greater than 18 years at the time of signing informed consent
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (as diagnosed clinically) 12 months or longer prior to Visit 1 (i.e. screening)
- Treatment with basal bolus or CSII (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, insulin pump) treatment 6 months or longer prior to Visit 1 (i.e. screening)
- Stable insulin treatment 3 months or longer prior to Visit 1 (i.e. screening), as judged and documented by the investigator
- HbA1c 7.0-10.0 percent (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)), both inclusive, by central laboratory analysis (Visit 1, screening) corresponding to 53-86 mmol/mol (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC))
You may not qualify if:
- Prior use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist or dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) inhibitors
- Use of any medication, which in the investigator's opinion could interfere with the glycaemic control (e.g. systemic corticosteroids, pramlintide (Symlin®)) or affect the subject's safety. Premix insulin is not allowed
- Known proliferative retinopathy or maculopathy requiring acute treatment
- Severe neuropathy, in particular autonomic neuropathy, i.e. gastroparesis, as judged by the investigator
- Uncontrolled/untreated blood pressure at screening (Visit 1) (after resting for 5 minutes) while sitting greater than 160 mmHg for systolic or greater than 100 mmHg for diastolic (repeated measurement at Visit 2 (prior to performing the trial related activities) is allowed to exclude white-coat hypertension)
- History of acute or chronic pancreatitis
- Screening (Visit 1) calcitonin value equal to or greater than 50 ng/L
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- Novo Nordisk A/Slead
Study Sites (120)
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Phoenix, Arizona, 85032, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, United States
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Concord, California, 94520, United States
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Escondido, California, 92025, United States
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Fresno, California, 93720, United States
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Montclair, California, 91763, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Mateo, California, 94401, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Ramon, California, 94583, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Ventura, California, 93003, United States
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Walnut Creek, California, 94598, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States
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Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
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Maitland, Florida, 32751, United States
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Atlanta, Georgia, 30318, United States
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Marietta, Georgia, 30060, United States
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Roswell, Georgia, 30076, United States
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Champaign, Illinois, 61821, United States
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Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States
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Skokie, Illinois, 60077, United States
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Council Bluffs, Iowa, 51501, United States
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Lexington, Kentucky, 40503, United States
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Rockville, Maryland, 20852, United States
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Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55416, United States
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Chesterfield, Missouri, 63017, United States
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Billings, Montana, 59101, United States
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Butte, Montana, 59701, United States
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Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128, United States
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Albany, New York, 12206, United States
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Jamaica, New York, 11432-1121, United States
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Staten Island, New York, 10301, United States
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Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27517, United States
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Morehead City, North Carolina, 28557, United States
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Wilmington, North Carolina, 28401, United States
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Fargo, North Dakota, 58103, United States
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Bristol, Tennessee, 37620-7352, United States
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Chattanooga, Tennessee, 37411, United States
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Amarillo, Texas, 79106, United States
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Austin, Texas, 78758, United States
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Dallas, Texas, 75230, United States
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Dallas, Texas, 75231, United States
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Round Rock, Texas, 78681, United States
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Murray, Utah, 84123, United States
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Ogden, Utah, 84405, United States
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Bennington, Vermont, 05201, United States
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Federal Way, Washington, 98003, United States
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Renton, Washington, 98057, United States
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Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States
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Graz, 8036, Austria
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Vienna, 1130, Austria
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Aalst, 9300, Belgium
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Bonheiden, 2820, Belgium
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Boussu, 7300, Belgium
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Brussels, 1090, Belgium
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Brussels, 1200, Belgium
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Edegem, 2650, Belgium
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Kortrijk, 8500, Belgium
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Leuven, 3000, Belgium
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Mouscron, 7700, Belgium
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Sint-Niklaas, 9100, Belgium
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Blagoevgrad, 2700, Bulgaria
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Pazardzhik, 4401, Bulgaria
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Plovdiv, 4002, Bulgaria
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Razgrad, 7200, Bulgaria
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Sofia, 1431, Bulgaria
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Calgary, Alberta, T2V 4J2, Canada
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2Y9, Canada
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Cornwall, Ontario, K6H 4M4, Canada
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Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Mississauga, Ontario, L5M 2V8, Canada
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Thornhill, Ontario, L4J 8L7, Canada
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Laval, Quebec, H7T 2P5, Canada
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Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
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Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
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Århus C, 8000, Denmark
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Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark
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Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
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Odense, 5000, Denmark
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Helsinki, 00250, Finland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Joensuu, 80200, Finland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jyväskylä, 40620, Finland
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Oulu, FI-90220, Finland
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Pori, 28500, Finland
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Turku, FI-20520, Finland
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La Rochelle, 17019, France
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Le Creusot, 71200, France
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Marseille, 13285, France
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Montpellier, 34295, France
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Paris, 75014, France
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Pierre-Bénite, 69495, France
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Reims, 51100, France
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Strasbourg, 67098, France
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Toulouse, 31054, France
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Trinité - La Martinique, 97235, France
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bergamo, 24127, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
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Florence, 50141, Italy
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Palermo, 90127, Italy
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Roma, 00133, Italy
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Roma, 00168, Italy
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Sesto San Giovanni (MI), 20099, Italy
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Siena, 53100, Italy
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's-Hertogenbosch, 5223GZ, Netherlands
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Amersfoort, 3813 TZ, Netherlands
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Apeldoorn, 7334 DZ, Netherlands
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Eindhoven, 5631 BM, Netherlands
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The Hague, 2597 AX, Netherlands
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Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
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Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2198, South Africa
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
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Almería, 04001, Spain
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Gijón, 33206, Spain
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Segovia, 40002, Spain
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Seville, 41010, Spain
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Seville, 41014, Spain
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Ängelholm, 262 91, Sweden
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Linköping, 582 16, Sweden
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Malmo, 205 02, Sweden
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Örebro, 701 85, Sweden
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Stockholm, 112 81, Sweden
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
Related Publications (4)
Ahren B, Hirsch IB, Pieber TR, Mathieu C, Gomez-Peralta F, Hansen TK, Philotheou A, Birch S, Christiansen E, Jensen TJ, Buse JB; ADJUNCT TWO Investigators. Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Added to Capped Insulin Treatment in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes: The ADJUNCT TWO Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016 Oct;39(10):1693-701. doi: 10.2337/dc16-0690. Epub 2016 Aug 4.
PMID: 27493132RESULTHoogenhout M, Malcolm-Smith S. Theory of mind predicts severity level in autism. Autism. 2017 Feb;21(2):242-252. doi: 10.1177/1362361316636758. Epub 2016 Aug 19.
PMID: 27493232RESULTShah VN, Agesen RM, Bardtrum L, Christiansen E, Snaith J, Greenfield JR. Determinants of Liraglutide Treatment Discontinuation in Type 1 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025 Mar;19(2):321-331. doi: 10.1177/19322968241305647. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
PMID: 39717993DERIVEDDejgaard TF, von Scholten BJ, Christiansen E, Kreiner FF, Bardtrum L, von Herrath M, Mathieu C, Madsbad S; ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO Investigators. Efficacy and safety of liraglutide in type 1 diabetes by baseline characteristics in the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021 Dec;23(12):2752-2762. doi: 10.1111/dom.14532. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
PMID: 34463425DERIVED
Related Links
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Results Point of Contact
- Title
- Public Access to Clinical Trials
- Organization
- Novo Nordisk A/S
Study Officials
- STUDY DIRECTOR
Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452)
Novo Nordisk A/S
Publication Agreements
- PI is Sponsor Employee
- No
- Restriction Type
- OTHER
- Restrictive Agreement
- Yes
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- phase 3
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- DOUBLE
- Who Masked
- PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- INDUSTRY
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
March 25, 2014
First Posted
March 28, 2014
Study Start
May 1, 2014
Primary Completion
April 1, 2015
Study Completion
April 1, 2015
Last Updated
February 9, 2017
Results First Posted
June 3, 2016
Record last verified: 2016-12