Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via Quit to Win Contest 2013

NCT01928251 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: QTW2013
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 1,143
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

According to the Census \& Statistics Department (2011), there are still 659,300 daily smokers (11.1%) in Hong Kong. Smoking and passive smoking kill over 7,000 people per year. Smoking is addictive, and it is difficult for some motivated smokers to quit without assistance. On the other hand, many smokers may not be ready to quit or want to quit on their own, so it is difficult to reach them. Quit and Win programme is an opportunity to reach and encourage a large group of smokers to make quit attempt. Quit and Win Contest assumes that smokers can develop a higher motivation to quit and gain a wider social support in quitting. According to Cahill and Petera (2011), smokers can develop a high motivation to quit and gain a wider social support through participating in the Quit and Win Contest. The Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH) organized three "Quit to Win Contests" and recruited over 3000 smokers from 2009-2012. These events enhanced the motivation and confidence to quit smoking. Lucky draw was also conducted to attract smokers to quit smoking and winners were validated by biochemical tests. Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is an partnership approach that can enlighten and utilize the network within communities as community partners can obtain ample manpower and social resources. To effectively raise the awareness of the contest and recruit as many participants as we can from the community, working with NGOs in the 18 Hong Kong districts with a CBPR model may be one effective way of program implementation. Thus, we proposed to (1) test the effectiveness of combining competition and short-term monetary incentives to motivate smokers who participate in the Quit to Win Contest 2013 to quit smoking; (2) use a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) model to build capacity and to engage community partners in taking on this important public health issue for sustainability in the community; and (3) conduct the process evaluation to assess the effectiveness of the recruitment activity and how it is linked with the overall program outcomes. Hypothesis: To examine the effectiveness of the interventions, three arms are (i) Group A: Informed early monetary incentive, which participants will be notified of the incentive through telephone follow-up at 1-week and 1-month follow-ups; (ii) Group B: Uninformed early monetary incentive, which participants will not be informed about the incentive until 3-month telephone follow-up; (iii) Group C (control group): Uninformed late monetary incentive, which participants will not be informed about the incentive throughout 1-week, 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. The primary outcomes are the self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 3 months of group A compared to group B and group C. The secondary outcomes include (i) self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 6 months, (ii) biochemical validated quit rates, (iii) rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount, (iv) number of quit attempts at 3 and 6 months among the three groups and (v) the above cessation outcomes of all subjects, including or not including in the RCT.

Conditions

Smoking Cessation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Self-reported quit rate

  Self-reported 7-day point prevalence quit rate after 3 months

  3 months after recruitment

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Biochemically validated and self-reported smoking habit at 3 and 6 months

  3 and 6 months after recruitment

Study Arms (3)

Informed early monetary incentive

EXPERIMENTAL

Incentives of abstinence will be given to those who self-report abstinence for the past 7 days at 3-month follow-up and pass the 3-month biochemical validation (Exhaled carbon monoxide level \< 4 ppm, saliva cotinine level \< 10 ng/ml) (Group A-Q). Participants will be informed about the incentives through telephone follow-up at 1 week and 1 month. Those who have not quitted at 3 months (Group A-N) or those self-reported quitters who refuse to participate in biochemical validation will be informed again that they will be given the same incentive if they have quitted at 6 months and the quitting is validated.

Behavioral: Informed early monetary incentive

Uninformed early monetary incentive

EXPERIMENTAL

Incentives of abstinence will be given to those who self-report abstinence for the past 7 days and pass the 3-month biochemical validation (Group B-Q), but they will not be informed about the incentive at the 1-week and 1-month follow-up. Those who have not quitted at 3 months (Group B-N) or those self-reported quitters who refuse to participate in the biochemical validation will be informed that they will be given the same incentive if they have quitted at 6 months and the quitting is validated.

Behavioral: Uninformed early monetary incentive

Uninformed late monetary incentive

NO INTERVENTION

Incentives for the self-reported and biochemically-validated abstinence at 6-month follow-up will be given after the 6-month biomedical validation. They would not be informed about the incentive at the 1-week, 1-month and 3-month follow-up. Group C also has two subgroups, those who have quitted at 3 months (Group C-Q) and those who have not (Group C-N).

Interventions

Informed early monetary incentive BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be informed at 1 week after the baseline recruitment about the monetary incentive of quitting. Apart from the different arrangement of monetary incentives for the three RCT arms, all participants of the Quit to Win Contest will receive self-help materials on smoking cessation, including a COSH-developed self-help smoking cessation booklet, a health education card, and the quitline (i.e. 1833183). The theory-based health education card (pocket size), which guided by the HAPA, will be developed and distributed to the participants as a reminder and a 'homework assignment' to be completed at home, for the purpose of enhancing their intention and practice of the suggested behaviour (quitting smoking).

Informed early monetary incentive

Uninformed early monetary incentive BEHAVIORAL

Participants will be informed at 3 months after the baseline recruitment about the monetary incentive of quitting. Apart from the different arrangement of monetary incentives for the three RCT arms, all participants of the Quit to Win Contest will receive self-help materials on smoking cessation, including a COSH-developed self-help smoking cessation booklet, a health education card, and the quitline (i.e. 1833183). The theory-based health education card (pocket size), which guided by the HAPA, will be developed and distributed to the participants as a reminder and a 'homework assignment' to be completed at home, for the purpose of enhancing their intention and practice of the suggested behaviour (quitting smoking).

Uninformed early monetary incentive

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Hong Kong residents aged 18 or above
• Smoke at least 1 cigarette per day in the past 3 months
• Able to communicate in Cantonese
• Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) 4 ppm or above, assessed by a validated CO smokerlyzer

You may not qualify if:

• Smokers who have difficulties (either physical or cognitive condition) to communicate
• Currently following other smoking cessation programs

Sponsors & Collaborators

• The University of Hong Kong: lead

Study Sites (1)

The University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong SAR, China

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoking Cessation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health Behavior; Behavior

Study Officials

• William Li, PhD

  The University of Hong Kong

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 30, 2013
• First Posted: August 23, 2013
• Study Start: June 1, 2013
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2013
• Study Completion: June 1, 2014
• Last Updated: June 27, 2014

Record last verified: 2014-06

Locations

CN (1)