NCT01798784

Brief Summary

In a 4-arm, Randomized Control Trial among members of CVS Caremark or Penn Medicine Patients with suboptimal cholesterol control who are at high risk for CVD, the study investigators propose to test the effectiveness of different behavioral economic techniques in inducing habit formation for adherence to statin use and sustained reductions in LDL cholesterol after financial incentives are discontinued. Primary outcome is changes in LDL from enrollment to 12 months (6 months after cessation of financial incentives).

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
805

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2013

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 21, 2013

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 26, 2013

Completed
4 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2013

Completed
4.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

September 1, 2017

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

September 1, 2017

Completed
Last Updated

May 20, 2020

Status Verified

May 1, 2020

Enrollment Period

4.2 years

First QC Date

February 21, 2013

Last Update Submit

May 18, 2020

Conditions

Medication Adherence

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in LDL from baseline to 12 months

    12 months

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Statin Adherence 6 months after active phase of intervention

    6 months

Study Arms (4)

Control Arm

NO INTERVENTION

Arm 1 will be the Control arm, in which participants receive an electronic pill container and are provided with daily reminders to take their medication but are not enrolled in the sweepstakes.

Sweepstakes Incentive 1

EXPERIMENTAL

Arm 2 will be a sweepstakes incentive arm where participants receive an electronic pill container and daily reminders to take their medication. In addition, this group is enrolled in a sweepstakes, in which participants may win money if they remember to take their medication.

Behavioral: Sweepstake Incentive 1

Sweepstake Incentive 2

EXPERIMENTAL

Arm 3 will be a sweepstake incentive arm where participants receive an electronic pill container and daily reminders to take their medication. In addition, this group is enrolled in a sweepstakes, in which monetary prizes may be awarded if participants take their medication prior to receiving a reminder.

Behavioral: Sweepstake Incentive 2

Sweepstake Incentive 3

EXPERIMENTAL

Arm 4 will be a sweepstake incentive arm where participants receive an electronic pill container and daily reminders to take their medication. In addition, this group is enrolled in a sweepstakes, in which each participant maintains an account that will accumulate money based on their medication adherence throughout the study.

Behavioral: Sweepstake Incentive 3

Interventions

Sweepstake Incentive 1BEHAVIORAL

Daily sweepstake conditional on daily medication adherence

Sweepstakes Incentive 1
Sweepstake Incentive 2BEHAVIORAL

Daily sweepstake conditional on daily medication adherence

Sweepstake Incentive 2
Sweepstake Incentive 3BEHAVIORAL

Daily sweepstake conditional on daily medication adherence

Sweepstake Incentive 3

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Individuals at high risk of a cardiac event, specifically one of the following:
  • Individuals with clinical CVD (defined as diagnosis with myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral vascular disease) with an LDL greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl ;
  • Individuals with Diabetes (between the ages of 40-75) with an LDL greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl;
  • Individuals without clinical CVD or diabetes with LDL greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl and estimated 10-year CVD risk 7.5%;
  • Individuals without clinical CVD or diabetes with LDL cholesterol greater than or equal to 190 mg/dl A prescription filled for a statin medication within the last 12 months (derived from pharmacy records);
  • Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) less than or equal to 80%
  • Low medication adherence on self-report completed during enrollment

You may not qualify if:

  • Less than 18 years old
  • Contraindication to further statin use or have suffered side effects from statins, such as myopathy
  • Will not or cannot give consent
  • History of active or progressive liver disease or abnormal liver function tests on baseline screening when applicable
  • Currently participating in another clinical trial with related aims
  • Co-morbidities likely to lead to death within a short-period

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

Location

Related Publications (4)

  • Barankay I, Reese PP, Putt ME, Russell LB, Phillips C, Pagnotti D, Chadha S, Oyekanmi KO, Yan J, Zhu J, Volpp KG, Clapp JT. Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Statin Adherence and Lipid Control: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 May 3;4(5):e219211. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.9211.

    PMID: 33944923DERIVED

  • Russell LB, Norton LA, Pagnotti D, Sevinc C, Anderson S, Finnerty Bigelow D, Iannotte LG, Josephs M, McGilloway R, Barankay I, Putt ME, Reese PP, Asch DA, Goldberg LR, Mehta SJ, Tanna MS, Troxel AB, Volpp KG. Using Clinical Trial Data to Estimate the Costs of Behavioral Interventions for Potential Adopters: A Guide for Trialists. Med Decis Making. 2021 Jan;41(1):9-20. doi: 10.1177/0272989X20973160. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

    PMID: 33218296DERIVED

  • Barankay I, Reese PP, Putt ME, Russell LB, Loewenstein G, Pagnotti D, Yan J, Zhu J, McGilloway R, Brennan T, Finnerty D, Hoffer K, Chadha S, Volpp KG. Effect of Patient Financial Incentives on Statin Adherence and Lipid Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2019429. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19429.

    PMID: 33034639DERIVED

  • Putt ME, Reese PP, Volpp KG, Russell LB, Loewenstein G, Yan J, Pagnotti D, McGilloway R, Brennen T, Finnerty D, Hoffer K, Chadha S, Barankay I. The Habit Formation trial of behavioral economic interventions to improve statin use and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease: Rationale, design and methodologies. Clin Trials. 2019 Aug;16(4):399-409. doi: 10.1177/1740774519846852. Epub 2019 May 31.

    PMID: 31148473DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Medication Adherence

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Patient CompliancePatient Acceptance of Health CareTreatment Adherence and ComplianceHealth BehaviorBehavior

Study Officials

  • Kevin Volpp, MD, PhD

    University of Pennsylvania

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Iwan Barankay, PhD

    University of Pennsylvania

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Peter Reese, MD, MSCE

    University of Pennsylvania

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 21, 2013

First Posted

February 26, 2013

Study Start

July 1, 2013

Primary Completion

September 1, 2017

Study Completion

September 1, 2017

Last Updated

May 20, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-05

Locations

US(1)