NCT01777022

Brief Summary

Rates of stillbirth in Scotland are among the highest in resource rich countries. The majority of stillbirths occur in normally formed infants, with (retrospective) evidence of placental insufficiency being the commonest clinical finding. Maternal perception of decreased fetal movements appears to be an early biomarker both of placental insufficiency and subsequent stillbirth. The study proposed here will test the hypothesis that rates of stillbirth will be reduced by introduction of a package of care consisting of strategies for increasing pregnant women's awareness of the need for prompt reporting of decreased fetal movements, followed by a management plan for identification of placental insufficiency with timely delivery in confirmed cases. The odds of stillbirth fell by 30% after the introduction of a similar package of care in Norway but the efficacy of this intervention (and possible adverse effects and implications for service delivery) have not been tested in a randomized trial. The investigators plan a stepped wedge cluster design trial, in which hospitals in Scotland and Ireland will be randomized to the timing of introduction of the care package. Outcomes (including the primary outcome of stillbirth) will be derived from Scotland and Ireland's detailed routinely collected maternity data, allowing the investigators to robustly test the hypothesis. A nested qualitative study will examine the acceptability of the intervention to patients and health care providers and identify process issues (barriers to implementation).

Trial Health

90
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
430,830

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2014

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
2 countries

29 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 15, 2013

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 28, 2013

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 2014

Completed
3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 31, 2016

Completed
9 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

September 30, 2017

Completed
Last Updated

February 8, 2018

Status Verified

February 1, 2018

Enrollment Period

3 years

First QC Date

January 15, 2013

Last Update Submit

February 7, 2018

Conditions

Keywords

Education, Stillbirth, Prevention, Management

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Rates of stillbirth

    36 months

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Rates of caesarean section

    36 months

  • Rates of induction of labour

    36 Months

  • Rates of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit

    36 Months

  • Proportion of women with fetal growth restriction

    36 Months

Other Outcomes (1)

  • Acceptability of package of care to pregnant women and their health care providers

    36 Months

Study Arms (2)

Current treatment

NO INTERVENTION

Current education and management protocols will be followed

A package of interventions

OTHER

A package of interventions consisting of strategies for increasing pregnant women's awareness of the need to report early when they perceive a reduction in fetal movements, followed with a management plan for identification and delivery of the "at risk" fetus in such women, will reduce rates of stillbirth

Other: A package of interventions

Interventions

A package of interventions consisting of strategies for increasing pregnant women's awareness of the need to report early when they perceive a reduction in fetal movements, followed with a management plan for identification and delivery of the "at risk" fetus in such women, will reduce rates of stillbirth

A package of interventions

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years - 60 Years
Sexfemale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • The study will include all women delivering at one of the maternity units involved in for the duration of the study.

You may not qualify if:

  • Women delivering in the "washout" period in each unit.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (29)

National Maternity Hospital

Dublin, Ireland

Location

Rotunda Hospital

Dublin, Ireland

Location

Stepping Hill Hospital

Stockport, Cheshire, SK2 7JE, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Gwent Hospital

Newport, Gwent, NP20 2UB, United Kingdom

Location

Saint Mary's hospital

Manchester, Lancashire, M13 9WL, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Lothian

Edinburgh, Lothian, EH54, United Kingdom

Location

Birmingham Women's Hospital

Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom

Location

St. Richards Hospital

Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 6SE, United Kingdom

Location

Worthing Hospital

Worthing, West Sussex, United Kingdom

Location

Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust

Leeds, Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Grampian

Aberdeen, United Kingdom

Location

Neville Hall hospital

Abergavenny, United Kingdom

Location

Betsi Cadwaladr University Heath board (Ysbyty Gwynnedd Hospital)

Bangor, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Jubilee Hospital

Belfast, United Kingdom

Location

Blackpool Victoria Hospital

Blackpool, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Dumfries and Galloway

Dumfries, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Tayside

Dundee, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Greater Glasgow

Glasgow, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Highland

Inverness, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Ayrshire and Arran

Kilmarnock, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Fife

Kirkcaldy, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Forth Valley

Larbert, United Kingdom

Location

St Georges Hospital

London, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Borders

Melrose, United Kingdom

Location

Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Preston, United Kingdom

Location

Betsi Cadwaladr University Heath board (Glan Clwyd)

Rhyl, United Kingdom

Location

Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan

Wigan, United Kingdom

Location

NHS Lanarkshire

Wishaw, United Kingdom

Location

Betsi Cadwaladr University Heath board (Wrexham Maelor)

Wrexham, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • Camacho EM, Whyte S, Stock SJ, Weir CJ, Norman JE, Heazell AEP. Awareness of fetal movements and care package to reduce fetal mortality (AFFIRM): a trial-based and model-based cost-effectiveness analysis from a stepped wedge, cluster-randomised trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Mar 22;22(1):235. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04563-9.

  • Norman JE, Heazell AEP, Rodriguez A, Weir CJ, Stock SJE, Calderwood CJ, Cunningham Burley S, Froen JF, Geary M, Breathnach F, Hunter A, McAuliffe FM, Higgins MF, Murdoch E, Ross-Davie M, Scott J, Whyte S; AFFIRM investigators. Awareness of fetal movements and care package to reduce fetal mortality (AFFIRM): a stepped wedge, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2018 Nov 3;392(10158):1629-1638. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31543-5. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

  • Heazell AEP, Weir CJ, Stock SJE, Calderwood CJ, Burley SC, Froen JF, Geary M, Hunter A, McAuliffe FM, Murdoch E, Rodriguez A, Ross-Davie M, Scott J, Whyte S, Norman JE. Can promoting awareness of fetal movements and focusing interventions reduce fetal mortality? A stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial (AFFIRM). BMJ Open. 2017 Aug 11;7(8):e014813. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014813.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Stillbirth

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Fetal DeathPregnancy ComplicationsFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesDeathPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Jane E Norman, MD

    University of Edinburgh

    STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 15, 2013

First Posted

January 28, 2013

Study Start

January 1, 2014

Primary Completion

December 31, 2016

Study Completion

September 30, 2017

Last Updated

February 8, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-02

Locations