NCT01550588

Brief Summary

Background and hypothesis: The appropriate treatment strategy for secondary stroke prevention in patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO) remains challenging. Clinical and anatomical variables reported to be risk factors associated with stroke recurrence include older age, large PFO, large right-to-left shunting, and combined atrial septal aneurysm (ASA), which, however, were not confirmed by other studies. The investigators hypothesized that percutaneous closure of PFO could be an effective option for secondary prevention in cryptogenic stroke patients with high-risk PFO. Trial Objective: The primary objective of this study is to assess whether percutaneous device closure of PFO is superior to conventional antithrombotic treatment in preventing stroke recurrence in the cryptogenic stroke patients with high-risk PFO.

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
210

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_4

Timeline
Completed

Started Feb 2012

Longer than P75 for phase_4

Geographic Reach
1 country

4 active sites

Status
unknown

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 1, 2012

Completed
25 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 26, 2012

Completed
15 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 12, 2012

Completed
7.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 1, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

February 1, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

June 29, 2017

Status Verified

June 1, 2017

Enrollment Period

8 years

First QC Date

February 26, 2012

Last Update Submit

June 28, 2017

Conditions

Keywords

PFOStroke

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Recurrence of nonfatal stroke / vascular death / TIMI-major bleeding

    2-year

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Recurrent nonfatal stroke

    2-year

  • Vascular death

    2-year

  • Major bleeding associated with medication

    2-year

  • Asymptomatic recurrent ischemic stroke on follow-up MR

    2-year

Study Arms (2)

Medication

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Anticoagulation, Antiplatelet agent

Drug: Standard medical treatment

Device closure

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Amplatzer PFO occluder device

Device: Device closure

Interventions

PFO Amplatzer device closure

Also known as: PFO Amplatzer device
Device closure

Standard Medical management using anti-coagulant therapy

Medication

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 80 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Subjects who have had a cryptogenic stroke within the previous 3 months, radiologically verified
  • Subjects who have been diagnosed with a high-risk\* Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO), echocardiographically verified (\*PFO size ≥ 2 mm or atrial septal aneurysm or hypermobility by TEE)
  • Subjects willing to participate in follow-up visits
  • Absence of other potential causes of stroke

You may not qualify if:

  • Any identifiable cause of thromboembolic cause other than PFO
  • Subjects with intracardiac thrombus or tumor, dilated cardiomyopathy, prosthetic heart valve or mitral stenosis, endocarditis
  • Subjects with significant atherosclerosis or dissection of the aorta, collagen vascular disease, arteritis, vasculitis and coagulopathy
  • Subjects who have an acute or recent (within 6 months) myocardial infarction or unstable angina
  • Subjects who have a non-vascular origin of the neurological symptoms after brain imaging (CT scan or MRI)
  • History of intracranial bleeding, confirmed arterio-venous malformation,aneurysm or uncontrolled coagulopathy
  • Pre-existing neurological disorders or intracranial disease, e.g. multiple sclerosis
  • Subjects with left ventricular aneurysm or akinesis
  • Subjects with atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (chronic or intermittent)
  • Subjects with another source of right to left shunt identified at baseline, including an atrial septal defect and/or fenestrated septum
  • Subjects who could not undergo the TEE examination
  • Subjects with contraindication to aspirin or Clopidogrel therapy
  • Pregnant or desire to become pregnant within the next year
  • Subjects who have a underlying malignancy

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (4)

YangSan Busan University Hospital

Busan, South Korea

RECRUITING

Chungnam National University Hospital

Daejeon, South Korea

RECRUITING

Gang Neung Asan Hospital

Gangneung, South Korea

RECRUITING

Ulsan University Hospital

Ulsan, South Korea

RECRUITING

Related Publications (2)

  • Turc G, Lee JY, Brochet E, Kim JS, Song JK, Mas JL; CLOSE and DEFENSE-PFO Trial Investigators. Atrial Septal Aneurysm, Shunt Size, and Recurrent Stroke Risk in Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 May 12;75(18):2312-2320. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.068.

  • Lee PH, Song JK, Kim JS, Heo R, Lee S, Kim DH, Song JM, Kang DH, Kwon SU, Kang DW, Lee D, Kwon HS, Yun SC, Sun BJ, Park JH, Lee JH, Jeong HS, Song HJ, Kim J, Park SJ. Cryptogenic Stroke and High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale: The DEFENSE-PFO Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 22;71(20):2335-2342. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.046. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Foramen Ovale, PatentStroke

Interventions

Vascular Closure Devices

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Heart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart Septal DefectsHeart Defects, CongenitalCardiovascular AbnormalitiesCardiovascular DiseasesHeart DiseasesCongenital AbnormalitiesCongenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesCerebrovascular DisordersBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesVascular Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Surgical Fixation DevicesSurgical EquipmentEquipment and Supplies

Study Officials

  • Jae-Kwan Song, MD, PhD

    Department of medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Jae-Kwan Song, MD, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 4
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 26, 2012

First Posted

March 12, 2012

Study Start

February 1, 2012

Primary Completion

February 1, 2020

Study Completion

February 1, 2020

Last Updated

June 29, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-06

Locations