Tobacco Dependence Treatment Education for Dental Students

NCT01522924 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: 12.0026
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 94
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study determines if there is a difference in dental students' attitudes, perceived barriers, subjective norms, perceived skills, self-efficacy, intentions to provide cessation treatment, and cessation knowledge in those students receiving a tobacco cessation lecture along with practice sessions using standardized patients and those students receiving only a tobacco cessation lecture. The study determines if dental students' use of tobacco affects their intent to provide cessation treatment to patients, and if the time between receiving the lecture and participating in the practice sessions using standardized patients makes a difference in dental students' attitudes, perceived barriers, subjective norms. perceived skills, self-efficacy, intentions to provide cessation treatment, and cessation knowledge.

Conditions

Smoking

Keywords

tobacco cessation treatment; standardized patients; dental students; tobacco cessation treatment education

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Change From Baseline in Attitude Score

  The attitude variable was computed by adding the values from two questionnaire items to assess the level agreement with statements: 1.) "It is important for members of the profession to discuss tobacco use with patients" and 2.) "A brief intervention (3 minutes) for tobacco cessation with my patients would be effective." The rating scale was: 0 = strongly disagree, 1 = moderately disagree, 2 = somewhat disagree, 3 = neither disagree or agree, 4 = somewhat agree, 5 = moderately agree, and 6 = strongly agree. A higher value represents participants' more positive attitude toward providing tobacco cessation treatment (Range:0-8). The difference in the attitude from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total value of the variable at Questionnaire 1 from the total value at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1 (baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Perceived Barriers Score

  The perceived barriers variable was computed by adding the total number of barriers reported by participants. Participants were asked to select all factors that may limit their ability to counsel tobacco users during every visit. The rating scale for reporting barriers was: 0 = no and 1 = yes. A higher value represents a higher number of barriers to providing tobacco cessation treatment reported by participants(Range: 0-11). The difference in perceived barriers from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total number of perceived barriers at Questionnaire 1 from the total number of perceived barriers at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1(baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2(post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling /debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Subjective Norms Score

  Subjective norms are beliefs that people who influence your actions approve or disapprove of the behavior. The subjective norms variable was computed by adding the values of six questions to assess the participants' level of perceived social pressures to counsel patients in quitting tobacco use. Questions wer rated on a seven-point Likert scale; higher point values indicate a perceived social norm more supportive of counseling patients in quitting tobacco use(Range: 0-36). The difference in the subjective norms score from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total number of participants' subjective norms at Questionnaire 1 from the total number of participants' subjective norms at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1 ( baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Perceived Skills Score

  The perceived skills variable was computed by adding the values of seven questions that assessed the participants' perceived level of tobacco cessation treatment skills from poor to excellent. The rating scale was: 0 = poor, 1 = fair, 2 = good, 3 = very good, and 4 = excellent. A higher value represents a higher level of tobacco cessation treatment skills perceived by participants (Range: 0-28). The difference in the participants' perceived skills from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total value of perceived skills at Questionnaire 1 from the total value of perceived skills at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1(baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Self-efficacy Score

  Self-efficacy represents an individual's confidence in his/her ability to perform a behavior. The self-efficacy variable was computed by adding the values of ten questions to assess the participants' self-efficacy to counsel patients to quit tobacco use. The rating scale was: 0 = not at all confident, 1 = not very confident, 2 = moderately confident, 3 = very confident, and 4 = extremely confident. A higher value represents participants' higher level of confidence in providing tobacco cessation treatment (Range: 0-40). The difference in participants' self-efficacy from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total value of self-efficacy at Questionnaire 1 from the total value at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionaire 1 (baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Intentions Score

  Participants' intentions to provide tobacco cessation treatment were computed by adding values from thirteen questions to assess dental students' intent to counsel patients to quit tobacco use. The rating scale was: 0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = almost always, 4 = always (every visit). A higher value represents participants' stronger intentions to provide tobacco cessation treatment (Range: 0-52). The difference in participants' intentions to provide tobacco cessation treatment from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total value of participants' intentions at Questionnaire 1 from the total value of participants' intentions at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1 (baseline/pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

• Change From Baseline in Tobacco Cessation Knowledge Score

  The tobacco cessation knowledge variable was computed by adding the participants' total number of correct answers of the ten knowledge questions. The rating scale was: 0 = incorrect and 1 = correct. A higher value represents participants' higher level of tobacco cessation treatment knowledge (Range: 0-10). The difference in the tobacco cessation knowledge from Questionnaire 1 to Questionnaire 2 was computed by subtracting the total number of participants' correct answers at Questionnaire 1 from the total number of participants' correct answers at Questionnaire 2.

  Questionnaire 1 (pre-lecture) to Questionnaire 2 (post-lecture or post-lecture and counseling/debriefing sessions)

Study Arms (2)

Counseling practice sessions

EXPERIMENTAL

Dental students will be administered the first questionnaire before receiving a tobacco cessation lecture and the second questionnaire after the lecture, counseling practice sessions using standardized patients, and debriefing session.

Other: Counseling practice sessions

Lecture only

NO INTERVENTION

Students will receive the first questionnaire before the lecture and the second questionnaire after the lecture

Interventions

Counseling practice sessions OTHER

Dental students will complete the first questionnaire before a tobacco cessation lecture and the second questionnaire after the lecture, counseling practice sessions using standardized patients and a debriefing session.

Also known as: Tobacco cessation treatment education, Tobacco cessation counseling, Smoking cessation counseling, Tobacco dependence treatment, Standardized patients

Counseling practice sessions

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• must be a first year dental student in Introduction to Clinical Dentistry I at the study institution
• volunteer to complete pre- and post-questionnaires concerning tobacco cessation treatment educational training.

You may not qualify if:

• subject does not complete pre- and post- questionnaires.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Louisville: lead

Study Sites (1)

University of Louisville School of Dentistry

Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Walsh SE, Singleton JA, Worth CT, Krugler J, Moore R, Wesley GC, Mitchell CK. Tobacco cessation counseling training with standardized patients. J Dent Educ. 2007 Sep;71(9):1171-8.

  PMID: 17761623 RESULT

Related Links

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• American Cancer Society
• American Dental Association
• American Dental Hygienists' Association

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoking

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Limitations and Caveats

One participant in the intervention group did not provide gender information. The total number of participants in the intervention group did not equal the number of male and female participants.

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr. Jacqueline Singleton
• Organization: University of Louisville

jasing02@louisville.edu

502-852-2611

Study Officials

• Jacqueline A Singleton, MEd

  University of Louisville

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: Yes

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 24, 2012
• First Posted: February 1, 2012
• Study Start: February 1, 2012
• Primary Completion: April 1, 2012
• Study Completion: April 1, 2012
• Last Updated: May 23, 2017
• Results First Posted: August 22, 2013

Record last verified: 2017-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)