NCT01398319

Brief Summary

Alcohol misuse poses significant public health concerns in the U.S. military. A Brief Alcohol Intervention (BAI) have been shown to reduce alcohol related incidents among Airmen undergoing training. The current study sought to examine whether a booster BAI administered at the end of an Airmen's training reduced alcohol related incidents out to a one-year follow-up. Participants were 26,231 US Air Force Technical Trainees recruited between March 2016 and July 2018. Participants were cluster randomized by cohort to two conditions: BAI + BAI Booster or BAI + Bystander Intervention. The primary analysis was a comparison of the interventions' efficacies in preventing Article 15 alcohol related incidents at a one-year follow-up, conducted using a generalized estimating equations logistic regression model controlling for covariates.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
26,231

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Mar 2016

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 11, 2011

Completed
9 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

July 20, 2011

Completed
4.6 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 1, 2016

Completed
2.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 31, 2018

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 31, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

May 26, 2022

Status Verified

May 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

2.4 years

First QC Date

July 11, 2011

Last Update Submit

May 20, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

preventionalcohol abuse

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Article 15s

    Adjudicated alcohol related incident in the United States Air Force (Article 15). We determined if an Airmen had received an Article 15 in the year following Technical Training by searching the Automated Military Justice Analysis and Management System (AMJAMS).

    12 months

Study Arms (2)

Group Brief Alcohol Booster Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

The 1-hour booster intervention was delivered using MI to extend the effective elements found in the original BAI intervention with elements from behavioral economic theory. A behavioral economic approach to alcohol use suggests that decisions to drink are more likely when 1) there is a lack of access to or engagement in alternative alcohol-free reinforcing activities, and 2) there is a greater relative focus on immediate, relative to delayed, rewards (i.e., steep delayed reward discounting). The intent of the intervention is to bring important long-term goals into the present so that the immediate awareness of this goal might diminish the relative benefit of drinking. Another goal was to have the Airmen identify enjoyable and goal-consistent alcohol-free activities they could engage in during their free time. The booster also included a reminder of the U.S. Air Forces rules and policies on alcohol use and harm reduction drinking strategies.

Behavioral: Group Brief Alcohol InterventionBehavioral: Group Brief Alcohol Intervention Booster

Bystander Intervention

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The 1-hour Bystander intervention was a non-alcohol related briefing that served as the control condition. The intervention focused on increasing Airmen's awareness of the qualities of being a good "wingman" (e.g., watching for their peers) and how those are tied to the Air Force Core Values. It aimed to increase participants' perceived responsibility to act in certain situations. The intervention draws on the philosophy that members in a community have a role in shifting social norms to prevent violence. While the intervention did not directly discuss alcohol use, the focus on military values and taking responsibility for one's self and others could contribute to healthier drinking-related choices.

Behavioral: Group Brief Alcohol InterventionBehavioral: Bystander Intervention

Interventions

The BAI contained components of effective interventions developed for young adult drinkers both in health care and educational settings and was specifically tailored to the unique needs and risk factors of Airmen. The 1-hour group intervention was administered using the principles of motivational interviewing (MI) in an interactive Socratic style to generate feedback and discussion. Open-ended questions, reflections, as well as the decisional balance scale were used to increase Airmen's motivation to remain alcohol free.

Bystander InterventionGroup Brief Alcohol Booster Intervention

The 1-hour booster intervention was delivered using MI to extend the effective elements found in the original BAI intervention with elements from behavioral economic theory. A behavioral economic approach to alcohol use suggests that decisions to drink are more likely when 1) there is a lack of access to or engagement in alternative alcohol-free reinforcing activities, and 2) there is a greater relative focus on immediate, relative to delayed, rewards (i.e., steep delayed reward discounting). The intent of the intervention is to bring important long-term goals into the present so that the immediate awareness of this goal might diminish the relative benefit of drinking. Another goal was to have the Airmen identify enjoyable and goal-consistent alcohol-free activities they could engage in during their free time. The booster also included a reminder of the U.S. Air Forces rules and policies on alcohol use and harm reduction drinking strategies.

Also known as: Making Responsible Choices
Group Brief Alcohol Booster Intervention

The 1-hour Bystander intervention was a non-alcohol related briefing that served as the control condition. The intervention focused on increasing Airmen's awareness of the qualities of being a good "wingman" (e.g., watching for their peers) and how those are tied to the Air Force Core Values. It aimed to increase participants' perceived responsibility to act in certain situations. The intervention draws on the philosophy that members in a community have a role in shifting social norms to prevent violence (Coker et al., 2011). While the intervention did not directly discuss alcohol use, the focus on military values and taking responsibility for one's self and others could contribute to healthier drinking-related choices.

Bystander Intervention

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Participants were Airmen undergoing Technical Training at five military bases (Lackland Air Force Base, Keesler Air Force Base, Sheppard Air Force Base, Goodfellow Air Force Base and Fort Sam Houston) in Texas and Mississippi from March 2016 through July 2018. Eligibility criteria included being at least 18 years of age and understanding the consent process in English.

Contact the study team to discuss eligibility requirements. They can help determine if this study is right for you.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

37th Training Group

Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, 78236, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Alcoholism

Interventions

EthanolMethods

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Alcohol-Related DisordersSubstance-Related DisordersChemically-Induced DisordersMental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AlcoholsOrganic ChemicalsInvestigative Techniques

Study Officials

  • Robert C. Klesges, Ph.D.

    University of Virginia

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 11, 2011

First Posted

July 20, 2011

Study Start

March 1, 2016

Primary Completion

July 31, 2018

Study Completion

July 31, 2018

Last Updated

May 26, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-05

Locations