NCT01305447

Brief Summary

Adult female smokers will participate in an exercise-aided smoking cessation program, and will then be randomized into one of four cessation maintenance conditions: (a) Exercise Maintenance only (b) Exercise Maintenance + Relapse Prevention Booklets(c) Relapse Prevention Booklets + Contact and (d) Contact Control. Primary follow-up outcome is smoking behaviour. Secondary outcomes include exercise behaviour, Physiological measures (body composition (Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry; DXA), vascular health (stiffness, endothelial function, carotid plaque volume), physical fitness), and Psychological measures (self-regulatory cognitions related to exercise adherence \[exercise, scheduling, barrier, relapse, and concurrent self-regulatory self-efficacy\]). The hypotheses detailed below are specific to the randomization of participants into the following 4 groups:

  1. 1.Exercise Maintenance only
  2. 2.Exercise Maintenance + Relapse Prevention Booklets
  3. 3.Relapse Prevention Booklets + Contact
  4. 4.Contact Control

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
413

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2 cancer

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2009

Typical duration for phase_2 cancer

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 1, 2009

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 25, 2011

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 28, 2011

Completed
3.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2014

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2014

Completed
Last Updated

December 16, 2014

Status Verified

June 1, 2012

Enrollment Period

4.5 years

First QC Date

February 25, 2011

Last Update Submit

December 15, 2014

Conditions

Keywords

smoking cessationexercise maintenancepreventing relapseweight gaingroup-mediated cognitive behavioural therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Smoking Behaviour

    Continuous smoking behaviour will be measured from week 4-week 14, week26, week 56 (one year following quit). Smoking behaviour will be measured via self-report, breath Carbon Monoxide less than 6 parts per million, saliva cotinine.

    56 weeks post participant start date

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Exercise Behaviour

    for 56 weeks post participant start

Study Arms (4)

Exercise Maintenance

EXPERIMENTAL

Randomization and Group-Mediated Cognitive Behavioural therapy (GMCB) sessions will begin on week 8 of the program. Topics of self-regulation related to exercise (Social cognitive theory of self-regulation, Albert Bandura, 1991) will be discussed: monitoring, scheduling, goal setting, coping, overcoming barriers, rewards, social support. Following the termination of the 14 week exercise aided smoking cessation program, trained exercise facilitators will deliver 15 minute biweekly (for the first month), monthly (for the next 2 months), and then bimonthly (for last 8 months) intervention strategies over the phone to continue to enhance the GMCB principles on how to maintain exercise behavior.

Behavioral: Exercise Behaviour Maintenance

Ex. Maintenance + relapse prevention

EXPERIMENTAL

The same topics of self-regulation related to exercise maintenance(Social cognitive theory of self-regulation, Albert Bandura, 1991) will be discussed: monitoring, scheduling, goal setting, coping, overcoming barriers, rewards, social support. Following the termination of the 14 week exercise aided smoking cessation program, trained exercise facilitators will deliver 15 minute biweekly (for the first month), monthly (for the next 2 months), and then bimonthly (for last 8 months) intervention strategies over the phone to continue to enhance the Group-Mediated Cognitive Behavioural therapy (GMCB) principles on how to maintain exercise behavior. Participants in this arm will also receive the Brandon et al. (2004) Forever Free smoking relapse prevention booklets.

Behavioral: Exercise Behaviour MaintenanceBehavioral: Smoking Relapse prevention booklets

relapse prevention

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Randomization and group discussion sessions will begin on week 8 of the program. Topics of women's health, unrelated to exercise will be discussed (control). Following the termination of the 14 week exercise aided smoking cessation program, trained exercise facilitators will deliver 15 minute biweekly (for the first month), monthly (for the next 2 months), and then bimonthly (for last 8 months) phone calls to continue to maintain contact time. Participants in this arm will also receive the Brandon et al. (2004) Forever Free smoking relapse prevention booklets.

Behavioral: Smoking Relapse prevention booklets

Contact Control

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Randomization and group discussion sessions will begin on week 8 of the program. Topics of women's health, unrelated to exercise will be discussed (control). Following the termination of the 14 week exercise aided smoking cessation program, trained exercise facilitators will deliver 15 minute biweekly (for the first month), monthly (for the next 2 months), and then bimonthly (for last 8 months) phone calls to continue to maintain contact time.

Behavioral: Contact control

Interventions

Following the termination of the 14 week exercise aided smoking cessation program, trained exercise facilitators will deliver 15 minute biweekly (for the first month), monthly (for the next 2 months), and then bimonthly (for last 8 months) phone calls to remind the participants of the self-regulatory skills they learned during group discussion.

Also known as: Physical Activity
Ex. Maintenance + relapse preventionExercise Maintenance

Participants will be given Brandon et al. (2000, 2004) smoking relapse prevention booklets following exercise program.

Also known as: Educational material, relapse prevention, Forever Free
Ex. Maintenance + relapse preventionrelapse prevention
Contact controlBEHAVIORAL

No treatment, but equal contact time as the other intervention arms. Topics of women's health, unrelated to exercise will be discussed in group-mediated sessions(control).

Also known as: Control
Contact Control

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 65 Years
Sexfemale
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may not qualify if:

  • Contraindication to regular exercise (e.g., disability, unstable angina)
  • Contraindications to using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
  • Currently exercise more than twice a week for 30 or more minutes each bout at a moderate to vigorous intensity level and have done so for the past 6 months
  • On medication for physical and/or mental health reasons that would make compliance with the study protocol difficult or dangerous
  • Have substance dependency problems (e.g., alcohol)
  • Are pregnant or are planning on becoming pregnant during the next year
  • No Medical Doctor approval for exercise or NicoDerm patch (Nicotine Replacement Therapy; NRT)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory - The University of Western Ontario

London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada

Location

Related Publications (7)

  • Brandon TH, Collins BN, Juliano LM, Lazev AB. Preventing relapse among former smokers: a comparison of minimal interventions through telephone and mail. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2000 Feb;68(1):103-13. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.68.1.103.

    PMID: 10710845BACKGROUND
  • Brandon TH, Meade CD, Herzog TA, Chirikos TN, Webb MS, Cantor AB. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a minimal intervention to prevent smoking relapse: dismantling the effects of amount of content versus contact. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2004 Oct;72(5):797-808. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.797.

    PMID: 15482038BACKGROUND
  • Marcus BH, Albrecht AE, King TK, Parisi AF, Pinto BM, Roberts M, Niaura RS, Abrams DB. The efficacy of exercise as an aid for smoking cessation in women: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 1999 Jun 14;159(11):1229-34. doi: 10.1001/archinte.159.11.1229.

    PMID: 10371231BACKGROUND
  • Prapavessis H, Cameron L, Baldi JC, Robinson S, Borrie K, Harper T, Grove JR. The effects of exercise and nicotine replacement therapy on smoking rates in women. Addict Behav. 2007 Jul;32(7):1416-32. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.10.005. Epub 2006 Nov 9.

    PMID: 17097814BACKGROUND
  • Schnoll RA, Patterson F, Wileyto EP, Tyndale RF, Benowitz N, Lerman C. Nicotine metabolic rate predicts successful smoking cessation with transdermal nicotine: a validation study. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Mar;92(1):6-11. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.10.016. Epub 2008 Oct 31.

    PMID: 19000709BACKGROUND
  • Hartmann-Boyce J, Theodoulou A, Farley A, Hajek P, Lycett D, Jones LL, Kudlek L, Heath L, Hajizadeh A, Schenkels M, Aveyard P. Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Oct 6;10(10):CD006219. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006219.pub4.

  • Prapavessis H, De Jesus S, Fitzgeorge L, Rollo S. Anthropometric and body composition changes in smokers vs abstainers following an exercise-aided pharmacotherapy smoking cessation trial for women. Addict Behav. 2018 Oct;85:125-130. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

NeoplasmsSmoking CessationWeight Gain

Interventions

ExerciseSecondary Prevention

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health BehaviorBehaviorBody Weight ChangesBody WeightSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor ActivityMovementMusculoskeletal Physiological PhenomenaMusculoskeletal and Neural Physiological PhenomenaTherapeuticsPreventive Health ServicesHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and ServicesPublic Health PracticePublic HealthEnvironment and Public Health

Study Officials

  • Harry Prapavessis, Ph.D.

    The University of Western Ontario

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 25, 2011

First Posted

February 28, 2011

Study Start

October 1, 2009

Primary Completion

April 1, 2014

Study Completion

April 1, 2014

Last Updated

December 16, 2014

Record last verified: 2012-06

Locations