Exploring Buckwheat's Glucose Lowering Potential

NCT00841503 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: buckwheat study
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Bioactive components in buckwheat enhance insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes by improving glucose uptake and utilization through a unique mechanism that operates independent of insulin.

Conditions

Type 2 Diabetes

Keywords

functional food study

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• determine glucose-lowering potential of the buckwheat bioactive compound during acute phase testing in volunteers with Type 2 diabetes

  3 hour testing

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• determine bioavailability of buckwheat bioactive compounds

  7 days

Study Arms (2)

12 healthy volunteers

Healthy volunteers are randomized to 1 of 4 products over 4 weekly visits: i)buckwheat crackers;ii)crackers without buckwheat; iii)oral glucose; iv) oral sugar substitute, followed by 7 days of buckwheat crackers.

Other: buckwheat, rice crackers, glucose, sugar substitute

12 Participants with Type 2 diabetes

Volunteers with type 2 diabetes are randomized to 1 of 4 products over 4 weekly visits: i)buckwheat crackers;ii)crackers without buckwheat; iii)oral glucose; iv) oral sugar substitute, followed by 7 days of buckwheat crackers.

Other: buckwheat, rice crackers, glucose, sugar substitute

Interventions

buckwheat, rice crackers, glucose, sugar substitute OTHER

crackers contain equal amounts of available carbohydrates; 50 mls of oral solution for both glucose and Splenda

12 Participants with Type 2 diabetes; 12 healthy volunteers

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 70 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

A total of 24 volunteers were recruited from the community; 12 healthy volunteers and 12 volunteers with Type 2 Diabetes

You may qualify if:

• aged 18 to 70 years
• normal glycated hemoglobin (\<6% healthy, \<7.5% diabetic)
• absence of chronic conditions (except Type 2 diabetes)
• must be able to read and sign consent
• must be able to comply with protocol requirements

You may not qualify if:

• allergies to eggs, buckwheat, rice flour, or sugar substitutes (Splenda)
• acute or chronic conditions (except Type 2 diabetes)
• blood glucose \>10mmol/L at beginning of test session
• medications that affect glycemic control

Sponsors & Collaborators

• St. Boniface Hospital: lead
• University of Manitoba: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

I.H. Asper Clinical Research Institute

Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2H 2A6, Canada

Location

Related Publications (23)

• Kawa JM, Taylor CG, Przybylski R. Buckwheat concentrate reduces serum glucose in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Dec 3;51(25):7287-91. doi: 10.1021/jf0302153.

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• Qureshi AA, Sami SA, Khan FA. Effects of stabilized rice bran, its soluble and fiber fractions on blood glucose levels and serum lipid parameters in humans with diabetes mellitus Types I and II. J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Mar;13(3):175-187. doi: 10.1016/s0955-2863(01)00211-x.

  PMID: 11893482 BACKGROUND

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• Larner J, Huang LC, Schwartz CF, Oswald AS, Shen TY, Kinter M, Tang GZ, Zeller K. Rat liver insulin mediator which stimulates pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate contains galactosamine and D-chiroinositol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Mar 30;151(3):1416-26. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80520-5.

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• Larner J, Huang LC, Suzuki S, Tang G, Zhang C, Schwartz CF, Romero G, Luttrell L, Kennington AS. Insulin mediators and the control of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1989;573:297-305. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb15006.x. No abstract available.

  PMID: 2517463 BACKGROUND

• Varela-Nieto I, Leon Y, Caro HN. Cell signalling by inositol phosphoglycans from different species. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Oct;115(2):223-41. doi: 10.1016/0305-0491(96)00087-9.

  PMID: 8939003 BACKGROUND

• Field MC. Is there evidence for phospho-oligosaccharides as insulin mediators? Glycobiology. 1997 Mar;7(2):161-8. doi: 10.1093/glycob/7.2.161-d. No abstract available.

  PMID: 9134421 BACKGROUND

• Jones DR, Varela-Nieto I. The role of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol in signal transduction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1998 Mar;30(3):313-26. doi: 10.1016/s1357-2725(97)00144-1.

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• Oku A, Ueta K, Arakawa K, Ishihara T, Nawano M, Kuronuma Y, Matsumoto M, Saito A, Tsujihara K, Anai M, Asano T, Kanai Y, Endou H. T-1095, an inhibitor of renal Na+-glucose cotransporters, may provide a novel approach to treating diabetes. Diabetes. 1999 Sep;48(9):1794-800. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1794.

  PMID: 10480610 BACKGROUND

• Adachi T, Yasuda K, Okamoto Y, Shihara N, Oku A, Ueta K, Kitamura K, Saito A, Iwakura I, Yamada Y, Yano H, Seino Y, Tsuda K. T-1095, a renal Na+-glucose transporter inhibitor, improves hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Metabolism. 2000 Aug;49(8):990-5. doi: 10.1053/meta.2000.7729.

  PMID: 10954015 BACKGROUND

• Ueta K, Ishihara T, Matsumoto Y, Oku A, Nawano M, Fujita T, Saito A, Arakawa K. Long-term treatment with the Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor T-1095 causes sustained improvement in hyperglycemia and prevents diabetic neuropathy in Goto-Kakizaki Rats. Life Sci. 2005 Apr 22;76(23):2655-68. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.09.038.

  PMID: 15792833 BACKGROUND

• Nawano M, Oku A, Ueta K, Umebayashi I, Ishirahara T, Arakawa K, Saito A, Anai M, Kikuchi M, Asano T. Hyperglycemia contributes insulin resistance in hepatic and adipose tissue but not skeletal muscle of ZDF rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar;278(3):E535-43. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.3.E535.

  PMID: 10710509 BACKGROUND

• Skrabanja V, Liljeberg Elmstahl HG, Kreft I, Bjorck IM. Nutritional properties of starch in buckwheat products: studies in vitro and in vivo. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Jan;49(1):490-6. doi: 10.1021/jf000779w.

  PMID: 11170616 BACKGROUND

• Bray GA. Evaluation of obesity. Who are the obese? Postgrad Med. 2003 Dec;114(6):19-27, 38. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2003.12.1544.

  PMID: 14689721 BACKGROUND

• Ball GD, McCargar LJ. Childhood obesity in Canada: a review of prevalence estimates and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003 Feb;28(1):117-40. doi: 10.1139/h03-010.

  PMID: 12671200 BACKGROUND

• Lu C et al. (1992) Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Buckwheat; Lin R, Zhou M, Tao Y, Li J, Zhang, Z. Eds; Agriculture Publishing House: Beijing,China; pp 458-464.

  BACKGROUND

• Wang J et al. (1992) Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Buckwheat; Lin R, Zhou M, Tao Y, Li J, Zhang, Z. Eds; Agriculture Publishing House: Beijing, China; pp 465-467.

  BACKGROUND

• Horbowicz M & Obendorf RL. (1994) Seed Sci Res 4: 385-405.

  BACKGROUND

• Obendorf RL, Steadman KJ, Fuller DJ, Horbowicz M, Lewis BA. Molecular structure of fagopyritol A1 (O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-D-chiro-inositol) by NMR. Carbohydr Res. 2000 Oct 6;328(4):623-7. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00133-6.

  PMID: 11093720 BACKGROUND

• Steadman KJ, Burgoon MS, Schuster RL, Lewis BA, Edwardson SE, Obendorf RL. Fagopyritols, D-chiro-inositol, and other soluble carbohydrates in buckwheat seed milling fractions. J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Jul;48(7):2843-7. doi: 10.1021/jf990709t.

  PMID: 10898633 BACKGROUND

• Steadman KJ, Fuller DJ, Obendorf RL. Purification and molecular structure of two digalactosyl D-chiro-inositols and two trigalactosyl D-chiro-inositols from buckwheat seeds. Carbohydr Res. 2001 Mar 9;331(1):19-25. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00320-7.

  PMID: 11284502 BACKGROUND

• Scheepers A, Joost HG, Schurmann A. The glucose transporter families SGLT and GLUT: molecular basis of normal and aberrant function. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2004 Sep-Oct;28(5):364-71. doi: 10.1177/0148607104028005364.

  PMID: 15449578 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Interventions

Glucose; Sweetening Agents

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes Mellitus; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Hexoses; Monosaccharides; Sugars; Carbohydrates; Flavoring Agents; Food Additives; Food Ingredients; Specialty Uses of Chemicals; Chemical Actions and Uses; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Peter C Zahradka, PhD

  Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health & Medicine

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor, Department of Physiology

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 10, 2009
• First Posted: February 11, 2009
• Study Start: September 1, 2008
• Primary Completion: March 1, 2012
• Study Completion: March 1, 2012
• Last Updated: March 21, 2012

Record last verified: 2012-03

Locations

CA (1)