Fat Gain and Cardiovascular Disease Mechanisms

NCT00589498 | Completed Phase 3 DMC

• 2 other identifiers: 652-03NIH HL-073211
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 69
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Understanding the mechanisms of obesity-induced hypertension is important both for prevention and therapy. Studies of patients with established obesity have provided valuable information on pathophysiologic links between obesity and both blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. However, these studies are necessarily limited by the heterogeneity of obesity-associated disease so that the relative contribution of obesity or hypertension or other co-existing diseases to specific regulatory abnormalities is often not clear. Clarification of whether any abnormalities associated with increased cardiovascular risk were present before or after the development of obesity has also been problematic. We therefore propose a series of novel studies directed at establishing the effects of increased body fat in otherwise healthy individuals. We will determine the distribution patterns of increased body fat and how both increased body fat and fat distribution relate to changes in blood pressure, and in neural, endothelial and inflammatory mechanisms which have been implicated in the development and progression of cardiac and vascular disease. We will study non-obese subjects with and without a family history of hypertension. These subjects will undergo an eight-week program of overfeeding with the objective of inducing a 4 kg fat gain. We will determine the nature of fat distribution in these individuals after the fat gain program and subsequently after an eight-week period of weight loss and restoration of normal body weight. Measurements will be compared to those obtained in a matched control group with and without a family history of hypertension, who will continue their normal diets. We will test the following hypotheses:

• Individuals with a family history of hypertension will gain more visceral fat and upper body subcutaneous fat and will have greater blood pressure increases with overfeeding- compared with those without such a family history.
• For all overfed subjects, increases in blood pressure and insulin resistance with fat gain will be most marked in those individuals with a predominantly upper body and visceral fat accumulation.
• Upper body and visceral fat gain will also be associated with greater impairment in cardiovascular function, higher nocturnal blood pressures and an increased likelihood of sleep disordered breathing.

Conditions

Hypertension; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Obesity

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Individuals with a family history of hypertension will gain more visceral fat and upper body subcutaneous fat and will have greater blood pressure increases with overfeeding- compared with those without such a family history.

  conclude the 180 patients recruited

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• * For all overfed subjects, increases in blood pressure and insulin resistance with fat gain will be most marked in those individuals with a predominantly upper body and visceral fat accumulation.

  after recruiting at least 70 patients

• Upper body and visceral fat gain will also be associated with greater impairment in cardiovascular function, higher nocturnal blood pressures and an increased likelihood of sleep disordered breathing

  Recruit at least 70 subjects

• Increased weight gain, particularly in the upper body and visceral regions, will be accompanied by enhanced production of inflammatory mediators linked to cardiovascular risk, including adhesion molecules and C-reactive protein.

  Recruit at least 70 patients

• These changes will resolve with subsequent loss of weight at the end of the overfeeding program and restoration of normal body fat and fat distribution.

  Recruit at least 70 patients

Study Arms (2)

1

EXPERIMENTAL

Subjects who are randomized to overfeed will visit with the General Clinical Research Center dieticians as often as necessary to gain 2 kg of fat (about 4 kg overall) over a period of 8 weeks.

Dietary Supplement: 1000 extra calories

2

NO INTERVENTION

Subjects who are randomized to non-overfeeding will continue with their normal diet and activity levels for a period of 8 weeks.

Interventions

1000 extra calories DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Each subject received 1000 kcal/d in addition to weight maintenance requirements. The diet composition throughout the study was 40% carbohydrate, 40% fat, and 20% protein.

1

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 40 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• We will enroll up to 180 subject in order to fulfill screening requirements and have complete studies in 120 total (60 with and 60 without family history hypertension).
• Gender: Male and female.
• Ages: 18 to 40 (inclusive).

You may not qualify if:

• Body-mass index \> 33 kg/m2
• Tobacco smoking or chewing
• Shift worker
• Any diseases
• Any prescription medications (except, oral contraceptives are permitted)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Mayo Clinic: lead
• National Institutes of Health (NIH): collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Romero-Corral A, Sert-Kuniyoshi FH, Sierra-Johnson J, Orban M, Gami A, Davison D, Singh P, Pusalavidyasagar S, Huyber C, Votruba S, Lopez-Jimenez F, Jensen MD, Somers VK. Modest visceral fat gain causes endothelial dysfunction in healthy humans. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Aug 17;56(8):662-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.063.

  PMID: 20705223 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Hypertension; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Obesity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Apnea; Respiration Disorders; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic; Dyssomnias; Sleep Wake Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Virend K Somers, MD, PhD

  Mayo Clinic

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: phase 3
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor of Medicine

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 7, 2008
• First Posted: January 9, 2008
• Study Start: December 1, 2005
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2012
• Study Completion: December 1, 2012
• Last Updated: November 4, 2013

Record last verified: 2013-11

Locations

US (1)