NCT00529399

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with multiple injections of GAD-Alum will preserve the body's own (endogenous) insulin production in patients who have been recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Trial Health

90
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
145

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
Completed

Started Feb 2009

Typical duration for phase_2

Geographic Reach
2 countries

15 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 12, 2007

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 14, 2007

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 1, 2009

Completed
3.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2012

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2012

Completed
4.6 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

December 7, 2016

Completed
Last Updated

May 7, 2020

Status Verified

April 1, 2020

Enrollment Period

3.2 years

First QC Date

September 12, 2007

Results QC Date

May 12, 2016

Last Update Submit

April 27, 2020

Conditions

Keywords

immune toleranceimmunotherapyantigen-specific tolerancevaccine induced toleranceBeta-cell functionT-cellsDPT-1treatment of type 1 diabetesnew onset type 1 diabetesjuvenile diabetesT1Ddiabetes mellitusType 1 diabetes TrialNetTrialNet

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • The Primary Outcome is the Area Under the Stimulated C-peptide Curve (AUC) at the One Year Visit

    The primary outcome is the area under the stimulated C-peptide curve (AUC) based on data collected at time 0 to 2 hours of a 4-hour mixed meal glucose tolerance test (MMTT) conducted at the primary endpoint visit. The timed measurements are done at: 0, 15, 30 60, 90, and 120 minutes.

    Based on mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) conducted at the one year visit

Study Arms (3)

1

EXPERIMENTAL

3 injections of GAD-Alum vaccine

Drug: GAD-Alum

2

EXPERIMENTAL

2 injections of GAD-Alum vaccine and one injection with Aluminum hydroxide alone

Drug: GAD-Alum and Aluminum hydroxide

3

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

3 injections of Aluminum hydroxide alone

Drug: Aluminum hydroxide

Interventions

Participants will receive 3 injections of 20 micrograms GAD-Alum subcutaneously. The first two injections are given 4 weeks apart and the second and third are given 8 weeks apart.

Also known as: Diamyd
1

Participants will receive 3 injections subcutaneously. The first two will contain 20 micrograms GAD-Alum vaccine and are given 4 weeks apart. The third injection will be Aluminum hydroxide alone and will be given 8 weeks after the second injection.

Also known as: Diamyd
2

Participants will receive 3 injections of Aluminum hydroxide alone, subcutaneously. The first two injections are given 4 weeks apart and the second and third are given 8 weeks apart.

Also known as: Alhydrogel
3

Eligibility Criteria

Age3 Years - 45 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Age 3 to 45 years - Insulin dependent type 1-diabetes mellitus diagnosed within the previous 3 months
  • Stimulated C-peptide levels greater than or equal to 0.2 pmol/ml measured during a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) conducted 3 weeks from diagnosis of diabetes
  • Presence of GAD65 antibodies
  • At least one month from last immunization
  • Willing to comply with intensive diabetes management
  • If participant is a woman with reproductive potential, she must be willing to avoid pregnancy and have a negative pregnancy test
  • Willing to forgo routine clinical immunizations during the first 100 days after initial study drug administration

You may not qualify if:

  • Immunodeficiency or clinically significant chronic lymphopenia
  • Active infection
  • Positive PPD test result
  • Pregnant or lactating or anticipating becoming pregnant for 24 months following first injection
  • Ongoing use of medications known to influence glucose tolerance
  • Require use of systemic immunosuppressant(s)
  • Serologic evidence of current or past HIV, Hep B, or Hep C infection
  • History of malignancies
  • Ongoing use of non-insulin pharmaceuticals to affect glycemic control
  • Participation in another clinical trial with a new chemical entity within the past 3 months
  • Complicating medical issues or abnormal clinical laboratory results that interfere with study conduct or cause increased risk including neurological, or clinically significant blood count abnormalities (such as lymphopenia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia)
  • History of epilepsy, head trauma or cerebrovascular accident or clinical
  • History of alcohol or drug abuse

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (15)

Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles

Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States

Location

Stanford University

Palo Alto, California, 94305, United States

Location

University of California-San Francisco

San Francisco, California, 94143, United States

Location

Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes/University of Colorado Health Sciences Center

Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States

Location

Yale University School of Medicine

New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States

Location

University of Florida

Gainesville, Florida, United States

Location

University of Miami/ Miller School of Medicine

Miami, Florida, 33136, United States

Location

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States

Location

Joslin Diabetes Center

Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States

Location

University of Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States

Location

Columbia University

New York, New York, 10032, United States

Location

Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States

Location

University of Texas/Southwestern Medical School

Dallas, Texas, 75390-8858, United States

Location

Benaroya Research Institute

Seattle, Washington, 98101, United States

Location

Hospital for Sick Children

Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada

Location

Related Publications (7)

  • Atkinson MA, Eisenbarth GS. Type 1 diabetes: new perspectives on disease pathogenesis and treatment. Lancet. 2001 Jul 21;358(9277):221-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05415-0.

    PMID: 11476858BACKGROUND
  • Pleau JM, Fernandez-Saravia F, Esling A, Homo-Delarche F, Dardenne M. Prevention of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic female mice by treatment with recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65). Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1995 Jul;76(1 Pt 1):90-5. doi: 10.1006/clin.1995.1092.

    PMID: 7606872BACKGROUND
  • Tian J, Clare-Salzler M, Herschenfeld A, Middleton B, Newman D, Mueller R, Arita S, Evans C, Atkinson MA, Mullen Y, Sarvetnick N, Tobin AJ, Lehmann PV, Kaufman DL. Modulating autoimmune responses to GAD inhibits disease progression and prolongs islet graft survival in diabetes-prone mice. Nat Med. 1996 Dec;2(12):1348-53. doi: 10.1038/nm1296-1348.

    PMID: 8946834BACKGROUND
  • Tisch R, Liblau RS, Yang XD, Liblau P, McDevitt HO. Induction of GAD65-specific regulatory T-cells inhibits ongoing autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. Diabetes. 1998 Jun;47(6):894-9. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.47.6.894.

    PMID: 9604865BACKGROUND
  • Tisch R, Wang B, Weaver DJ, Liu B, Bui T, Arthos J, Serreze DV. Antigen-specific mediated suppression of beta cell autoimmunity by plasmid DNA vaccination. J Immunol. 2001 Feb 1;166(3):2122-32. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.2122.

    PMID: 11160264BACKGROUND
  • Jun HS, Chung YH, Han J, Kim A, Yoo SS, Sherwin RS, Yoon JW. Prevention of autoimmune diabetes by immunogene therapy using recombinant vaccinia virus expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase. Diabetologia. 2002 May;45(5):668-76. doi: 10.1007/s00125-002-0806-9. Epub 2002 Apr 4.

    PMID: 12107747BACKGROUND
  • Wherrett DK, Bundy B, Becker DJ, DiMeglio LA, Gitelman SE, Goland R, Gottlieb PA, Greenbaum CJ, Herold KC, Marks JB, Monzavi R, Moran A, Orban T, Palmer JP, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Schatz D, Wilson DM, Krischer JP, Skyler JS; Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet GAD Study Group. Antigen-based therapy with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) vaccine in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised double-blind trial. Lancet. 2011 Jul 23;378(9788):319-27. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60895-7. Epub 2011 Jun 27.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions

Aluminum Hydroxide

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Glucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

HydroxidesAlkaliesInorganic ChemicalsAluminum CompoundsAnionsIonsElectrolytes

Results Point of Contact

Title
Carla Greenbaum
Organization
Benaroya Research Institute

Study Officials

  • Diane Wherrett, M.D.

    University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Jay Skyler, M.D.

    University of Miami

    STUDY CHAIR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
TRIPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
NIH
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 12, 2007

First Posted

September 14, 2007

Study Start

February 1, 2009

Primary Completion

May 1, 2012

Study Completion

May 1, 2012

Last Updated

May 7, 2020

Results First Posted

December 7, 2016

Record last verified: 2020-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Data are available at the NIDDK Central Repository: https://repository.niddk.nih.gov/studies/tn08-gad-new-onset/?query=tn08

More information

Locations