Wearable Eye Tracking During Bimanual Tasks in Children With Cerebral Palsy

NCT07806994 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: SMC 2026-07-120
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This observational pilot study will include 40 children and adolescents aged 6 to 12 years: 20 with cerebral palsy and 20 with typical development. The main purpose is to determine whether Pupil Labs Neon wearable eye-tracking glasses can be used reliably while participants perform structured tasks using both hands. Each participant will attend one study visit. After assessments of near vision, hand function, visual perception, visual-motor function, and attention-related characteristics, participants will wear the eye-tracking glasses. They will view an instruction card, find target objects, and place the objects into boxes using both hands. The tasks will be completed under three conditions that vary visual-search and sequencing demands, with breaks provided as needed. Researchers will evaluate whether the planned procedures can be completed and whether the recordings provide usable eye-tracking data. Exploratory analyses will examine how gaze and hand actions are coordinated and whether these patterns differ between the cerebral palsy and typical-development groups or across task conditions. No treatment will be provided, and the study is not designed to evaluate treatment effectiveness. The findings will be used to improve the measurement protocol and quality-control procedures for future research.

Conditions

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Successful Gaze-Position Verification Rate

  Percentage of participants for whom gaze position is successfully verified at predefined central and task-relevant locations before task recording, after offset correction when needed. The rate will be calculated as the number with successful verification divided by the number attempting eye-tracker setup, multiplied by 100. Reasons for unsuccessful verification will be recorded.

  Day 1, before structured task recording

• Wearable Eye-Tracking Protocol Completion Rates

  Three completion percentages will be calculated separately: (1) participants successfully fitted with the Pupil Neon and starting recording divided by all enrolled participants; (2) participants completing all three planned task conditions divided by those starting the wearable eye-tracking assessment; and (3) participants completing each condition divided by those scheduled for that condition. Each value will be multiplied by 100. Reasons for noncompletion will be categorized.

  Day 1, during the single study visit (up to 180 minutes)

• Mean Valid Gaze Data Proportion

  Percentage of sampled time points within each predefined analysis interval for which a valid two-dimensional gaze coordinate is available. Values range from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more complete gaze data. Results will be summarized by task condition and study group. Trials with less than 70 percent valid gaze data will be flagged for quality control but retained in the feasibility denominator.

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Analyzable Eye-Tracking Trial Rate

  Percentage of attempted trials with synchronized scene video, gaze coordinates, and task-event annotations sufficient to derive the predefined area-of-interest and event measures. The rate will be calculated as the number of analyzable trials divided by all attempted trials, multiplied by 100. Reasons for non-analyzability will be categorized as device slippage, field-of-view occlusion, lighting problems, signal loss, missing data streams, synchronization failure, or other.

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Mean Total Study Assessment Duration

  Elapsed time in minutes from initiation of the first study assessment after consent to completion or discontinuation of the final planned assessment, including rest breaks. Duration will be summarized separately for each study group.

  Day 1, from initiation of the first study assessment through completion or discontinuation of the final planned assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Number of Participants With Assessment-Related Discomfort or Protocol Interruption

  Number and percentage of participants experiencing fatigue, eye strain, pressure from the eye-tracking glasses, headache, dizziness, upper-limb fatigue, distress or refusal, or other discomfort, and participants requiring a pause, device adjustment, or early discontinuation. Events will be summarized by type, severity, action taken, and resolution.

  Day 1, from the start of the study visit through the immediate post-assessment period (up to 180 minutes)

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Mean Overall and Phase-Specific Task Performance Time

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Mean Number of Task Errors and Instruction-Card Rechecks per Trial

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Mean Time to First Target Fixation

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

• Mean Area-of-Interest-Specific Fixation-Time Proportion

  Day 1, during the structured eye-tracking task assessment (up to 180 minutes)

Study Arms (2)

Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

EXPERIMENTAL

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy complete one study visit involving wearable eye tracking during structured visual-search and goal-directed bimanual tasks under a standard condition, an increased visual-search-demand condition, and an increased sequencing-demand condition. The order of task conditions is counterbalanced. The same assessment protocol is administered to the typically developing comparison arm. The procedure is conducted for research measurement only and does not provide treatment or alter clinical care.

Other: Wearable Eye-Tracking Assessment During Structured Bimanual Tasks

Typically Developing Children

EXPERIMENTAL

Typically developing children complete the same single-visit wearable eye-tracking and structured task-assessment protocol as the cerebral palsy arm. Participants perform structured visual-search and goal-directed bimanual tasks under a standard condition, an increased visual-search-demand condition, and an increased sequencing-demand condition. The order of task conditions is counterbalanced. This arm serves as the pre-specified comparison arm. The procedure does not provide treatment or alter clinical care.

Other: Wearable Eye-Tracking Assessment During Structured Bimanual Tasks

Interventions

Wearable Eye-Tracking Assessment During Structured Bimanual Tasks OTHER

Participants wear the Pupil Neon eye-tracking system during one study visit while performing structured visual-search and goal-directed bimanual tasks under a standard condition, an increased visual-search-demand condition, and an increased sequencing-demand condition. The order of conditions is counterbalanced. The system records two-dimensional gaze coordinates and egocentric scene video to evaluate protocol feasibility, data quality, and exploratory gaze-behavior measures. The assessment is research-specific and does not provide treatment, rehabilitation training, visual cues, stimulation, or performance feedback and does not alter clinical care.

Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy; Typically Developing Children

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 6 Years - 12 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Children aged 6-12 years
• Ability to understand simple instructions required for the study procedures and perform structured visual and bimanual tasks
• For children who routinely wear glasses or contact lenses, ability to view near visual stimuli and task materials with their habitual vision correction
• Written informed consent provided by a parent or legally authorized representative, with the child providing assent after receiving an age- and developmentally appropriate explanation of the study
• Cerebral Palsy Group
• Diagnosis of cerebral palsy confirmed by a pediatric physiatrist
• Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) level I-III
• Ability to grasp or manipulate task materials with at least one hand and attempt bimanual task performance
• Typically Developing Group
• Typical developmental history based on parent report and confirmation by the research team
• No history of neurological disorders, including cerebral palsy, or musculoskeletal conditions affecting upper-limb function
• No diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder that may affect task performance, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, or intellectual disability

You may not qualify if:

• Visual impairment that prevents the child from adequately viewing near visual stimuli or task materials, even with habitual vision correction
• Severe strabismus, nystagmus, or another ophthalmologic condition judged likely to substantially compromise stable eye-tracking data collection
• Severe cognitive, communication, or behavioral difficulties that prevent adequate understanding or performance of the study tasks
• Severe upper-limb joint contracture, pain, fracture, or another musculoskeletal condition that prevents safe performance of the bimanual tasks
• Uncontrolled epilepsy, acute illness, unstable medical condition, or any other condition judged to make study participation unsafe

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Samsung Medical Center: lead
• National Research Foundation of Korea: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Samsung Medical Center

Seoul, Seoul, 06351, South Korea

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cerebral Palsy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Study Officials

• Jeong-Yi Kwon, PhD

  Samsung Medical Center

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Youngsub Hwang, PhD

CONTACT

+821065292034; hys2034@skku.edu

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Model Details: Participants are enrolled into one of two parallel groups based on pre-existing clinical status: unilateral cerebral palsy or typical development. Both groups complete the same single-visit wearable eye-tracking and structured bimanual task-assessment protocol. Group assignment is non-randomized; no therapeutic treatment is assigned. The order of the three task conditions is counterbalanced within each participant.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2026
• First Posted: September 8, 2026
• Study Start: August 31, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): July 30, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 30, 2027
• Last Updated: September 8, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

KR (1)