Effects of Rainbow Parachute Games on UE Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in Children With Developmental Delay

NCT07756931 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: REC/RCR&AHS/25/0703
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 12
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Conducted as a randomized trial, this study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on upper extremity strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. Participants will be randomly divided experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Outcomes measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)" for upper extremity strength and Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS version 2023 to determine the Intervention's effects.

Conditions

Developmental Delay

Keywords

upper extremity, developmental delay, grip strength

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Social-Emotional skills by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire

  Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a 25-item behavioral screening tool for children and young people aged 2 to 17. It uses a 3-point response scale ("Not True," "Somewhat True," and "Certainly True") mapped across five subscales, a Total Difficulties score, and an Impact score

  8 weeks

• Upper Extremity Strength by Pediatric Arm Function Test

  Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) will be used to access upper extremity strength, The Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) is scored by trained occupational therapists who evaluate video recordings of a child (typically ages 2 to 12 with hemiparesis) completing specific functional and play tasks. It uses two primary sub-scales: the Functional Ability scale (rating movement quality/execution of the more-affected arm) and the Limb Preference scale (calculating the percentage of tasks spontaneously attempted with that arm)

  8 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities)

EXPERIMENTAL

The participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute

Other: Rainbow parachute Games; Other: Rhyming Activities

Group B: Control Group (Rhyming Activities)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins

Other: Rhyming Activities

Interventions

Rainbow parachute Games OTHER

Group A : The participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute. Activities like Make waves, Treasure under the sea, Mushroom, Cat and mouse, Paracute Tug will be performed and pre and post results will be analysed

Also known as: Rhyming Activities

Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities)

Rhyming Activities OTHER

Group B : Participants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins.

Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities); Group B: Control Group (Rhyming Activities)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 5 Years - 8 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Children aged 5-8 years.
• Diagnosed with motor developmental Delay.
• Both Girls and Boys will be Included.

You may not qualify if:

• Severe Physical Disability.
• Uncontrolled medical Health conditions that contraindicate Physical activity.
• Severe Visual or Auditory impairments that limit engagement in group activities.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Riphah International University

Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Brian A, Pennell A, Taunton S, Starrett A, Howard-Shaughnessy C, Goodway JD, Wadsworth D, Rudisill M, Stodden D. Motor Competence Levels and Developmental Delay in Early Childhood: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in the USA. Sports Med. 2019 Oct;49(10):1609-1618. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01150-5.

  PMID: 31301035 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Learning Disabilities

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Communication Disorders; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Arooj Abid, MS-PPT

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
• Masking Details: Participants will get separate treatment protocols and possible efforts will be put to mask both groups about the treatment.
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: This study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on physical strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. In a randomized controlled trial, 12 children are divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Upper Extremity Strength will be measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)". Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)".

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 27, 2026
• First Posted: August 11, 2026
• Study Start: October 28, 2025
• Primary Completion: June 25, 2026
• Study Completion: July 15, 2026
• Last Updated: August 11, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)